2012 TAS – Texas Accessibility Standards


2012 TAS in Text Format.

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Texas Accessibility Standards

Elimination of Architectural Barriers

Texas Government Code, Chapter 469

Administered by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Effective March 15, 2012

Mailing Address

P O Box 12157 Austin TX 78711

Physical Address

920 Colorado Street Austin TX 78701

(512) 463-6599 ● (800) 803-9202 (Toll free in Texas)

Relay Texas – TDD (800) 735-2989

AB TechInfo ● techinfo@license.state.tx.us

(512) 539-5669 ● 539-5690 (FAX)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2012 Texas Accessibility Standards

CHAPTER 1: APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION …………………………………………………………….. 5

101 Purpose ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5

102 Dimensions for Adults and Children ……………………………………………………………………………….. 5

103 Equivalent Facilitation …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5

104 Conventions ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6

105 Referenced Standards ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7

106 Definitions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11

CHAPTER 2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS ……………………………………………………………………………. 19

201 Application…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19

202 Existing Buildings and Facilities ……………………………………………………………………………………. 20

203 General Exceptions …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22

204 Protruding Objects ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24

205 Operable Parts …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24

206 Accessible Routes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24

207 Accessible Means of Egress ………………………………………………………………………………………… 33

208 Parking Spaces ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 33

209 Passenger Loading Zones and Bus Stops …………………………………………………………………….. 35

210 Stairways …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36

211 Drinking Fountains ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36

212 Kitchens, Kitchenettes, and Sinks ………………………………………………………………………………… 37

213 Toilet Facilities and Bathing Facilities ……………………………………………………………………………. 37

214 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers …………………………………………………………………………. 39

215 Fire Alarm Systems …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39

216 Signs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39

217 Telephones ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 42

218 Transportation Facilities ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 44

219 Assistive Listening Systems…………………………………………………………………………………………. 44

220 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines………………………………………………………………. 45

221 Assembly Areas …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45

222 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms …………………………………………………………………………….. 48

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223 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities …………………………………………………………………. 49

224 Transient Lodging Facilities and Guest Rooms ……………………………………………………………… 50

225 Storage …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 53

226 Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces …………………………………………………………………………….. 54

227 Sales and Service ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 54

228 Depositories, Vending Machines, Change Machines, Mail Boxes, and Fuel Dispensers ……… 55

229 Windows …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 56

230 Two-Way Communication Systems ……………………………………………………………………………… 56

231 Judicial Facilities ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 56

232 Detention Facilities and Correctional Facilities ………………………………………………………………. 57

233 Residential Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 58

234 Amusement Rides ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 61

235 Recreational Boating Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………….. 62

236 Exercise Machines and Equipment ………………………………………………………………………………. 63

237 Fishing Piers and Platforms ………………………………………………………………………………………… 64

238 Golf Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 64

239 Miniature Golf Facilities ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 64

240 Play Areas ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 65

241 Saunas and Steam Rooms …………………………………………………………………………………………. 68

242 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas …………………………………………………………………… 68

243 Shooting Facilities with Firing Positions ………………………………………………………………………… 69

CHAPTER 3: BUILDING BLOCKS ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 70

301 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 70

302 Floor or Ground Surfaces ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 70

303 Changes in Level ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71

304 Turning Space …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 72

305 Clear Floor or Ground Space ………………………………………………………………………………………. 73

306 Knee and Toe Clearance ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 74

307 Protruding Objects ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76

308 Reach Ranges …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 78

309 Operable Parts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 80

CHAPTER 4: ACCESSIBLE ROUTES ………………………………………………………………………………….. 81

401 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81

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402 Accessible Routes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 81

403 Walking Surfaces ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81

404 Doors, Doorways, and Gates ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 83

405 Ramps ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 91

406 Curb Ramps ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 94

407 Elevators …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 96

408 Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators …………………………………………………………………… 105

409 Private Residence Elevators ………………………………………………………………………………………. 107

410 Platform Lifts ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 108

CHAPTER 5: GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS …………………………………………………. 110

501 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 110

502 Parking Spaces ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 110

503 Passenger Loading Zones …………………………………………………………………………………………. 112

504 Stairways …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 113

505 Handrails …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 114

CHAPTER 6: PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES………………………………………………………. 119

601 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 119

602 Drinking Fountains ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 119

603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 120

604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments ……………………………………………………………………… 121

605 Urinals …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 129

606 Lavatories and Sinks …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 130

607 Bathtubs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 131

608 Shower Compartments ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 134

609 Grab Bars ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 140

610 Seats ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 141

611 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers ……………………………………………………………………….. 143

612 Saunas and Steam Rooms ………………………………………………………………………………………… 144

CHAPTER 7: COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES …………………………………………… 145

701 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 145

702 Fire Alarm Systems …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 145

703 Signs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 145

704 Telephones ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 152

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705 Detectable Warnings ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 154

706 Assistive Listening Systems ………………………………………………………………………………………. 154

707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines ……………………………………………………………. 155

708 Two-Way Communication Systems ……………………………………………………………………………. 158

CHAPTER 8: SPECIAL ROOMS, SPACES AND ELEMENTS ……………………………………………….. 159

801 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 159

802 Wheelchair Spaces, Companion Seats, and Designated Aisle Seats ……………………………… 159

803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms ………………………………………………………………………….. 163

804 Kitchens and Kitchenettes …………………………………………………………………………………………. 163

805 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities ……………………………………………………………….. 166

806 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms ………………………………………………………………………………… 166

807 Holding Cells and Housing Cells ………………………………………………………………………………… 167

808 Courtrooms ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 168

809 Residential Dwelling Units …………………………………………………………………………………………. 168

810 Transportation Facilities ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 170

811 Storage …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 174

CHAPTER 9: BUILT-IN ELEMENTS …………………………………………………………………………………… 175

901 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 175

902 Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces …………………………………………………………………………… 175

903 Benches ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 175

904 Check-Out Aisles and Sales and Service Counters ………………………………………………………. 176

CHAPTER 10: RECREATION FACILITIES ………………………………………………………………………….. 179

1001 General …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 179

1002 Amusement Rides ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 179

1003 Recreational Boating Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………. 182

1004 Exercise Machines and Equipment …………………………………………………………………………… 187

1005 Fishing Piers and Platforms …………………………………………………………………………………….. 188

1006 Golf Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 189

1007 Miniature Golf Facilities …………………………………………………………………………………………… 190

1008 Play Areas …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 191

1009 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas ……………………………………………………………….. 196

1010 Shooting Facilities with Firing Positions …………………………………………………………………….. 204

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

CHAPTER 1: APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION

101 Purpose

101.1 General. This document contains scoping and technical requirements for accessibility to sites,

facilities, buildings, and elements by individuals with disabilities. The requirements are to be applied

during the design, construction, additions to, and alteration of sites, facilities, buildings, and elements

to the extent required by regulations issued by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

under the authority of Texas Government Code, Chapter 469. These standards are intended to be

consistent to those contained in the 2010 Standards for Accessible Design, and are generally the

same except as noted in italics.

Advisory 101.1 General. In addition to these requirements, covered entities must comply with the

regulations issued by federal agencies, the U. S. Department of Justice and the U. S. Department of

Transportation under the Americans with Disabilities Act. There are issues affecting individuals with

disabilities which are not addressed by these requirements, but which are covered by federal

agencies, the U. S. Department of Justice and the U. S. Department of Transportation regulations.

101.2 Effect on Removal of Barriers in Existing Facilities. This document does not address

existing facilities unless altered at the discretion of a covered entity. The Texas Department of

Licensing and Regulation has authority over existing facilities that are subject to the requirement for

removal of barriers under Texas Government Code, Chapter 469. In addition, the U. S. Department of

Justice has authority over existing facilities that are subject to the requirement for removal of barriers

under title III of the ADA. Applicability of standards for removal of barriers under Title III of the ADA is

solely within the discretion of the U. S. Department of Justice and is effective only to the extent

required by regulations issued by the U. S. Department of Justice.

102 Dimensions for Adults and Children

The technical requirements are based on adult dimensions and anthropometrics. In addition, this

document includes technical requirements based on children’s dimensions and anthropometrics for

drinking fountains, water closets, toilet compartments, lavatories and sinks, dining surfaces, and work

surfaces.

103 Equivalent Facilitation

Nothing in these requirements prevents the use of designs, products, or technologies as alternatives

to those prescribed, provided they result in substantially equivalent or greater accessibility and

usability.

Advisory 103 Equivalent Facilitation. The responsibility for demonstrating equivalent facilitation in

the event of a challenge rests with the covered entity. For purposes of ensuring compliance with

requirements of Texas Government Code, Chapter 469 all determinations of equivalent facilitation are

made by the Department in accordance with the variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas

Administrative Code.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

104 Conventions

104.1 Dimensions. Dimensions that are not stated as “maximum” or “minimum” are absolute.

104.1.1 Construction and Manufacturing Tolerances. All dimensions are subject to conventional

industry tolerances except where the requirement is stated as a range with specific minimum and

maximum end points.

Advisory 104.1.1 Construction and Manufacturing Tolerances. Conventional industry tolerances

recognized by this provision include those for field conditions and those that may be a necessary

consequence of a particular manufacturing process. Recognized tolerances are not intended to apply

to design work.

It is good practice when specifying dimensions to avoid specifying a tolerance where dimensions are

absolute. For example, if this document requires “1 inches,” avoid specifying “1 inches plus or minus

X inches.”

Where the requirement states a specified range, such as in Section 609.4 where grab bars must be

installed between 33 inches and 36 inches above the floor, the range provides an adequate tolerance

and therefore no tolerance outside of the range at either end point is permitted.

Where a requirement is a minimum or a maximum dimension that does not have two specific

minimum and maximum end points, tolerances may apply. Where an element is to be installed at the

minimum or maximum permitted dimension, such as “15 inches minimum” or “5 pounds maximum”, it

would not be good practice to specify “5 pounds (plus X pounds) or 15 inches (minus X inches).”

Rather, it would be good practice to specify a dimension less than the required maximum (or more

than the required minimum) by the amount of the expected field or manufacturing tolerance and not to

state any tolerance in conjunction with the specified dimension.

Specifying dimensions in design in the manner described above will better ensure that facilities and

elements accomplish the level of accessibility intended by these requirements. It will also more often

produce an end result of strict and literal compliance with the stated requirements and eliminate

enforcement difficulties and issues that might otherwise arise. Information on specific tolerances may

be available from industry or trade organizations, code groups and building officials, and published

references.

104.2 Calculation of Percentages. Where the required number of elements or facilities to be

provided is determined by calculations of ratios or percentages and remainders or fractions result, the

next greater whole number of such elements or facilities shall be provided. Where the determination

of the required size or dimension of an element or facility involves ratios or percentages, rounding

down for values less than one half shall be permitted.

104.3 Figures. Unless specifically stated otherwise, figures are provided for informational purposes

only.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

dimension showing English units (in

inches unless otherwise specified)

above the line and SI units (in

millimeters unless otherwise specified

below the line

dimension for small measurements

dimension showing a range with

minimum – maximum

minimum

maximum

greater than

greater than or equal to

less than

less than or equal to

boundary of clear floor space or

maneuvering clearance

centerline

a permitted element or its extension

direction of travel or approach

a wall, floor, ceiling or other element cut

in section or plan

a highlighted element in elevation or

plan

location zone of element, control or

feature

Figure 104

Graphic Co

nvention for Figures

105 Referenced Standards

105.1 General. The standards listed in 105.2 are incorporated by reference in this document and are

part of the requirements to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Copies of the referenced

standards may be obtained from the referenced publishers / distributors.

105.2 Referenced Standards. The specific edition of the standards listed below are referenced in

this document. Where differences occur between this document and the referenced standards, this

document applies.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

105.2.1 ANSI/BHMA. Copies of the referenced standards may be obtained from the Builders

Hardware Manufacturers Association, 355 Lexington Avenue, 17th floor, New York, NY 10017

(http://www.buildershardware.com).

ANSI/BHMA A156.10-1999 American National Standard for Power Operated Pedestrian Doors (see

404.3).

ANSI/BHMA A156.19-1997 American National Standard for Power Assist and Low Energy Power

Operated Doors (see 404.3, 408.3.2.1, and 409.3.1).

ANSI/BHMA A156.19-2002 American National Standard for Power Assist and Low Energy Power

Operated Doors (see 404.3, 408.3.2.1, and 409.3.1).

Advisory 105.2.1 ANSI/BHMA. ANSI/BHMA A156.10-1999 applies to power operated doors for

pedestrian use which open automatically when approached by pedestrians. Included are provisions

intended to reduce the chance of user injury or entrapment.

ANSI/BHMA A156.19-1997 and A156.19-2002 applies to power assist doors, low energy power

operated doors or low energy power open doors for pedestrian use not provided for in ANSI/BHMA

A156.10 for Power Operated Pedestrian Doors. Included are provisions intended to reduce the

chance of user injury or entrapment.

105.2.2 ASME. Copies of the referenced standards may be obtained from the American Society of

Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016 (http://www.asme.org).

ASME A17.1- 2000 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, including ASME A17.1a-2002

Addenda and ASME A17.1b-2003 Addenda (see 407.1, 408.1, 409.1, and 810.9).

ASME A18.1-1999 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Chairlifts, including ASME A18.1a-

2001 Addenda and ASME A18.1b-2001 Addenda (see 410.1).

ASME A18.1-2003 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Chairlifts, (see 410.1).

Advisory 105.2.2 ASME. ASME A17.1-2000 is used by local jurisdictions throughout the United

States for the design, construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing, maintenance, alteration,

and repair of elevators and escalators. The majority of the requirements apply to the operational

machinery not seen or used by elevator passengers. ASME A17.1 requires a two-way means of

emergency communications in passenger elevators. This means of communication must connect with

emergency or authorized personnel and not an automated answering system. The communication

system must be push button activated. The activation button must be permanently identified with the

word “HELP.” A visual indication acknowledging the establishment of a communications link to

authorized personnel must be provided. The visual indication must remain on until the call is

terminated by authorized personnel. The building location, the elevator car number, and the need for

assistance must be provided to authorized personnel answering the emergency call. The use of a

handset by the communications system is prohibited. Only the authorized personnel answering the

call can terminate the call. Operating instructions for the communications system must be provided in

the elevator car.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 105.2.2 ASME (Continued). The provisions for escalators require that at least two flat

steps be provided at the entrance and exit of every escalator and that steps on escalators be

demarcated by yellow lines 2 inches wide maximum along the back and sides of steps.

ASME A18.1-1999 and ASME A18.1-2003 address the design, construction, installation, operation,

inspection, testing, maintenance and repair of lifts that are intended for transportation of persons with

disabilities. Lifts are classified as: vertical platform lifts, inclined platform lifts, inclined stairway

chairlifts, private residence vertical platform lifts, private residence inclined platform lifts, and private

residence inclined stairway chairlifts.

This document does not permit the use of inclined stairway chairlifts which do not provide platforms

because such lifts require the user to transfer to a seat.

ASME A18.1 contains requirements for runways, which are the spaces in which platforms or seats

move. The standard includes additional provisions for runway enclosures, electrical equipment and

wiring, structural support, headroom clearance (which is 80 inches minimum), lower level access

ramps and pits. The enclosure walls not used for entry or exit are required to have a grab bar the full

length of the wall on platform lifts. Access ramps are required to meet requirements similar to those

for ramps in Chapter 4 of this document.

Each of the lift types addressed in ASME A18.1 must meet requirements for capacity, load, speed,

travel, operating devices, and control equipment. The maximum permitted height for operable parts is

consistent with Section 308 of this document. The standard also addresses attendant operation.

However, Section 410.1 of this document does not permit attendant operation.

105.2.3 ASTM. Copies of the referenced standards may be obtained from the American Society for

Testing and Materials, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428

(http://www.astm.org).

ASTM F 1292-99 Standard Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surface Systems Under and

Around Playground Equipment (see 1008.2.6.2).

ASTM F 1292-04 Standard Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials Within the Use

Zone of Playground Equipment (see 1008.2.6.2).

ASTM F 1487-01 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment

for Public Use (see 106.5).

ASTM F 1951-99 Standard Specification for Determination of Accessibility of Surface Systems Under

and Around Playground Equipment (see 1008.2.6.1).

Advisory 105.2.3 ASTM. ASTM F 1292-99 and ASTM F 1292-04 establish a uniform means to

measure and compare characteristics of surfacing materials to determine whether materials provide a

safe surface under and around playground equipment. These standards are referenced in the play

areas requirements of this document when an accessible surface is required inside a play area use

zone where a fall attenuating surface is also required. The standards cover the minimum impact

attenuation requirements, when tested in accordance with Test Method F 355, for surface systems to

be used under and around any piece of playground equipment from which a person may fall.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 105.2.3 ASTM (Continued). ASTM F 1487-01 establishes a nationally recognized safety

standard for public playground equipment to address injuries identified by the U.S. Consumer Product

Safety Commission. It defines the use zone, which is the ground area beneath and immediately

adjacent to a play structure or play equipment designed for unrestricted circulation around the

equipment and on whose surface it is predicted that a user would land when falling from or exiting a

play structure or equipment. The play areas requirements in this document reference the ASTM F

1487 standard when defining accessible routes that overlap use zones requiring fall attenuating

surfaces. If the use zone of a playground is not entirely surfaced with an accessible material, at least

one accessible route within the use zone must be provided from the perimeter to all accessible play

structures or components within the playground.

ASTM F 1951-99 establishes a uniform means to measure the characteristics of surface systems in

order to provide performance specifications to select materials for use as an accessible surface under

and around playground equipment. Surface materials that comply with this standard and are located

in the use zone must also comply with ASTM F 1292. The test methods in this standard address

access for children and adults who may traverse the surfacing to aid children who are playing. When

a surface is tested it must have an average work per foot value for straight propulsion and for turning

less than the average work per foot values for straight propulsion and for turning, respectively, on a

hard, smooth surface with a grade of 7% (1:14).

105.2.4 ICC/IBC. Copies of the referenced standard may be obtained from the International Code

Council, 5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 600, Falls Church, Virginia 22041 (www.iccsafe.org).

International Building Code, 2000 Edition (see 207.1, 207.2, 216.4.2, 216.4.3, and 1005.2.1).

International Building Code, 2001 Supplement (see 207.1 and 207.2).

International Building Code, 2003 Edition (see 207.1, 207.2, 216.4.2, 216.4.3, and 1005.2.1).

Advisory 105.2.4 ICC/IBC. International Building Code (IBC)-2000 (including 2001 Supplement to

the International Codes) and IBC-2003 are referenced for means of egress, areas of refuge, and

railings provided on fishing piers and platforms. At least one accessible means of egress is required

for every accessible space and at least two accessible means of egress are required where more

than one means of egress is required. The technical criteria for accessible means of egress allow the

use of exit stairways and evacuation elevators when provided in conjunction with horizontal exits or

areas of refuge. While typical elevators are not designed to be used during an emergency evacuation,

evacuation elevators are designed with standby power and other features according to the elevator

safety standard and can be used for the evacuation of individuals with disabilities. The IBC also

provides requirements for areas of refuge, which are fire-rated spaces on levels above or below the

exit discharge levels where people unable to use stairs can go to register a call for assistance and

wait for evacuation.

The recreation facilities requirements of this document references two sections in the IBC for fishing

piers and platforms. An exception addresses the height of the railings, guards, or handrails where a

fishing pier or platform is required to include a guard, railing, or handrail higher than 34 inches (865

mm) above the ground or deck surface.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

105.2.5 NFPA. Copies of the referenced standards may be obtained from the National Fire Protection

Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471, (http://www.nfpa.org).

NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code, 1999 Edition (see 702.1 and 809.5.2).

NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code, 2002 Edition (see 702.1 and 809.5.2).

Advisory 105.2.5 NFPA. NFPA 72-1999 and NFPA 72-2002 address the application, installation,

performance, and maintenance of protective signaling systems and their components. The NFPA 72

incorporates Underwriters Laboratory (UL) 1971 by reference. The standard specifies the

characteristics of audible alarms, such as placement and sound levels. However, Section 702 of

these requirements limits the volume of an audible alarm to 110 dBA, rather than the maximum 120

dBA permitted by NFPA 72-1999.

NFPA 72 specifies characteristics for visible alarms, such as flash frequency, color, intensity,

placement, and synchronization. However, Section 702 of this document requires that visual alarm

appliances be permanently installed. UL 1971 specifies intensity dispersion requirements for visible

alarms. In particular, NFPA 72 requires visible alarms to have a light source that is clear or white and

has polar dispersion complying with UL 1971.

106 Definitions

106.1 General. For the purpose of this document, the terms defined in 106.5 have the indicated

meaning.

106.2 Terms Defined in Referenced Standards. Terms not defined in 106.5 or in regulations issued

by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation to implement Texas Government Code,

Chapter 469, but specifically defined in a referenced standard, shall have the specified meaning from

the referenced standard unless otherwise stated.

106.3 Undefined Terms. The meaning of terms not specifically defined in 106.5 or in regulations

issued by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation to implement Texas Government Code,

Chapter 469, or in referenced standards shall be as defined by collegiate dictionaries in the sense

that the context implies.

106.4 Interchangeability. Words, terms and phrases used in the singular include the plural and

those used in the plural include the singular.

106.5 Defined Terms.

106.5.1 Accessible. A site, building, facility, or portion thereof that complies with this part.

106.5.2 Accessible Means of Egress. A continuous and unobstructed way of egress travel from any

point in a building or facility that provides an accessible route to an area of refuge, a horizontal exit, or

a public way.

106.5.3 Addition. An expansion, extension, or increase in the gross floor area or height of a building

or facility.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.4 Administrative Authority. A governmental agency that adopts or enforces regulations and

guidelines for the design, construction, or alteration of buildings and facilities.

106.5.5 Alteration. A change to a building or facility that affects or could affect the usability of the

building or facility or portion thereof. Alterations include, but are not limited to, remodeling, renovation,

rehabilitation, reconstruction, historic restoration, resurfacing of circulation paths or vehicular ways,

changes or rearrangement of the structural parts or elements, and changes or rearrangement in the

plan configuration of walls and full-height partitions. Normal maintenance, reroofing, painting or

wallpapering, or changes to mechanical and electrical systems are not alterations unless they affect

the usability of the building or facility.

106.5.6 Amusement Attraction. Any facility, or portion of a facility, located within an amusement

park or theme park which provides amusement without the use of an amusement device. Amusement

attractions include, but are not limited to, fun houses, barrels, and other attractions without seats.

106.5.7 Amusement Ride. A system that moves persons through a fixed course within a defined

area for the purpose of amusement.

106.5.8 Amusement Ride Seat. A seat that is built-in or mechanically fastened to an amusement

ride intended to be occupied by one or more passengers.

106.5.9 Area of Sport Activity. That portion of a room or space where the play or practice of a sport

occurs.

106.5.10 Assembly Area. A building or facility, or portion thereof, used for the purpose of

entertainment, educational or civic gatherings, or similar purposes. For the purposes of these

requirements, assembly areas include, but are not limited to, classrooms, lecture halls, courtrooms,

public meeting rooms, public hearing rooms, legislative chambers, motion picture houses, auditoria,

theaters, playhouses, dinner theaters, concert halls, centers for the performing arts, amphitheaters,

arenas, stadiums, grandstands, or convention centers.

106.5.11 Assistive Listening System (ALS). An amplification system utilizing transmitters,

receivers, and coupling devices to bypass the acoustical space between a sound source and a

listener by means of induction loop, radio frequency, infrared, or direct-wired equipment.

106.5.12 Boarding Pier. A portion of a pier where a boat is temporarily secured for the purpose of

embarking or disembarking.

106.5.13 Boat Launch Ramp. A sloped surface designed for launching and retrieving trailered boats

and other water craft to and from a body of water.

106.5.14 Boat Slip. That portion of a pier, main pier, finger pier, or float where a boat is moored for

the purpose of berthing, embarking, or disembarking.

106.5.15 Building. Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy.

106.5.16 Catch Pool. A pool or designated section of a pool used as a terminus for water slide

flumes.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.17 Characters. Letters, numbers, punctuation marks and typographic symbols.

106.5.18 Children’s Use. Describes spaces and elements specifically designed for use primarily by

people 12 years old and younger.

106.5.19 Circulation Path. An exterior or interior way of passage provided for pedestrian travel,

including but not limited to, walks, hallways, courtyards, elevators, platform lifts, ramps, stairways,

and landings.

106.5.20 Closed-Circuit Telephone. A telephone with a dedicated line such as a house phone,

courtesy phone or phone that must be used to gain entry to a facility.

106.5.21 Common Use. Interior or exterior circulation paths, rooms, spaces, or elements that are not

for public use and are made available for the shared use of two or more people.

106.5.22 Cross Slope. The slope that is perpendicular to the direction of travel (see running slope).

106.5.23 Curb Ramp. A short ramp cutting through a curb or built up to it.

106.5.24 Detectable Warning. A standardized surface feature built in or applied to walking surfaces

or other elements to warn of hazards on a circulation path.

106.5.25 Disproportionality. Alterations made to provide an accessible path of travel to the altered

area will be deemed disproportionate to the overall alteration when the cost exceeds 20% of the cost

of the alteration to the primary function area. Costs that may be counted as expenditures required to

provide an accessible path of travel may include:

(i) Costs associated with providing an accessible entrance and an accessible route to the altered

area, for example, the cost of widening doorways or installing ramps;

(ii) Costs associated with making restrooms accessible, such as installing grab bars, enlarging

toilet stalls, insulating pipes, or installing accessible faucet controls;

(iii) Costs associated with providing accessible telephones, such as relocating the telephone to an

accessible height, installing amplification devices, or installing a text telephone (TTY); and

(iv) Costs associated with relocating an inaccessible drinking fountain.

All determinations of disproportionality are made by the Department in accordance with the variance

procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

106.5.26 Element. An architectural or mechanical component of a building, facility, space, or site.

106.5.27 Elevated Play Component. A play component that is approached above or below grade

and that is part of a composite play structure consisting of two or more play components attached or

functionally linked to create an integrated unit providing more than one play activity.

106.5.28 Employee Work Area. All or any portion of a space used only by employees and used only

for work. Corridors, toilet rooms, kitchenettes and break rooms are not employee work areas.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.29 Entrance. Any access point to a building or portion of a building or facility used for the

purpose of entering. An entrance includes the approach walk, the vertical access leading to the

entrance platform, the entrance platform itself, vestibule if provided, the entry door or gate, and the

hardware of the entry door or gate.

106.5.30 Facility. All or any portion of buildings, structures, site improvements, elements, and

pedestrian routes or vehicular ways located on a site.

106.5.31 Gangway. A variable-sloped pedestrian walkway that links a fixed structure or land with a

floating structure. Gangways that connect to vessels are not addressed by this document.

106.5.32 Golf Car Passage. A continuous passage on which a motorized golf car can operate.

106.5.33 Ground Level Play Component. A play component that is approached and exited at the

ground level.

106.5.34 Key Station. Rapid and light rail stations, and commuter rail stations, as defined under

criteria established by the Department of Transportation in 49 CFR 37.47 and 49 CFR 37.51,

respectively.

106.5.35 Mail Boxes. Receptacles for the receipt of documents, packages, or other deliverable

matter. Mail boxes include, but are not limited to, post office boxes and receptacles provided by

commercial mail-receiving agencies, apartment facilities, or schools.

106.5.36 Marked Crossing. A crosswalk or other identified path intended for pedestrian use in

crossing a vehicular way.

106.5.37 Maximum Extent Feasible. Applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing

facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a

planned alteration. In these circumstances, the alteration shall provide the maximum physical

accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made

accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain

disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made

accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have

impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments).

All determinations of maximum extent feasible are made by the Department in accordance with the

variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

106.5.38 Mezzanine. An intermediate level or levels between the floor and ceiling of any story with an

aggregate floor area of not more than one-third of the area of the room or space in which the level or

levels are located. Mezzanines have sufficient elevation that space for human occupancy can be

provided on the floor below.

106.5.39 Occupant Load. The number of persons for which the means of egress of a building or

portion of a building is designed.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.40 Operable Part. A component of an element used to insert or withdraw objects, or to

activate, deactivate, or adjust the element.

106.5.41 Path of Travel. A continuous, unobstructed way of pedestrian passage by means of which

the altered area may be approached, entered, and exited, and which connects the altered area with

an exterior approach (including sidewalks, streets, and parking areas), an entrance to the facility, and

other parts of the facility. An accessible path of travel may consist of walks and sidewalks, curb ramps

and other interior or exterior pedestrian ramps; clear floor paths through lobbies, corridors, rooms,

and other improved areas; parking access aisles; elevators and lifts; or a combination of these

elements. The term “path of travel” also includes the restrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains

serving the altered area.

The obligation to provide an accessible path of travel may not be evaded by performing a series of

small alterations to the area served by a single path of travel if those alterations could have been

performed as a single undertaking. If an area containing a primary function has been altered without

providing an accessible path of travel to that area, and subsequent alterations of that area, or a

different area on the same path of travel, are undertaken within three years of the original alteration,

the total cost of alterations to the primary function areas on that path of travel during the preceding

three year period shall be considered in determining whether the cost of making that path of travel

accessible is disproportionate. Also see definition of “Disproportionality”.

106.5.42 Pictogram. A pictorial symbol that represents activities, facilities, or concepts.

106.5.43 Play Area. A portion of a site containing play components designed and constructed for

children.

106.5.44 Play Component. An element intended to generate specific opportunities for play,

socialization, or learning. Play components are manufactured or natural; and are stand-alone or part

of a composite play structure.

106.5.45 Primary Function. A major activity for which the facility is intended. Areas that contain a

primary function include, but are not limited to, the customer services lobby of a bank, the dining area

of a cafeteria, the meeting rooms in a conference center, as well as offices and other work areas in

which the activities of the public accommodation or other private entity using the facility are carried

out. Mechanical rooms, boiler rooms, supply storage rooms, employee lounges or locker rooms,

janitorial closets, entrances, corridors, and restrooms are not areas containing a primary function.

Alterations that affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function include, but

are not limited to:

(i) Remodeling merchandise display areas or employee work areas in a department store;

(ii) Replacing an inaccessible floor surface in the customer service or employee work areas of a

bank;

(iii) Redesigning the assembly line area of a factory; or

(iv) Installing a computer center in an accounting firm.

For the purposes of this section, alterations to windows, hardware, controls, electrical outlets, and

signage shall not be deemed to be alterations that affect the usability of or access to an area

containing a primary function.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.46 Private Building or Facility. A place of public accommodation or a commercial building or

facility subject to Texas Government Code, Chapter 469.

106.5.47 Professional Office of a Health Care Provider. A location where a person or entity

regulated by Texas to provide professional services related to the physical or mental health of an

individual makes such services available to the public. The facility housing the “professional office of

a health care provider” only includes floor levels housing at least one health care provider, or any

floor level designed or intended for use by at least one health care provider.

106.5.48 Public Building or Facility. A building or facility or portion of a building or facility designed,

constructed, or altered by, on behalf of, or for the use of a public entity subject to Texas Government

Code, Chapter 469.

106.5.49 Public Entrance. An entrance that is not a service entrance or a restricted entrance.

106.5.50 Public Use. Interior or exterior rooms, spaces, or elements that are made available to the

public. Public use may be provided at a building or facility that is privately or publicly owned.

106.5.51 Public Way. Any street, alley or other parcel of land open to the outside air leading to a

public street, which has been deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated to the public

for public use and which has a clear width and height of not less than 10 feet (3050 mm).

106.5.52 Qualified Historic Building or Facility. A building or facility that is listed in or eligible for

listing in the National Register of Historic Places, or designated as a Recorded Texas Historic

Landmark or State Archeological Landmark.

106.5.53 Ramp. A walking surface that has a running slope steeper than 1:20.

106.5.54 Residential Dwelling Unit. A unit intended to be used as a residence that is primarily long-

term in nature. Residential dwelling units do not include transient lodging, inpatient medical care,

licensed long-term care, and detention or correctional facilities.

106.5.55 Restricted Entrance. An entrance that is made available for common use on a controlled

basis but not public use and that is not a service entrance.

106.5.56 Running Slope. The slope that is parallel to the direction of travel (see cross slope).

106.5.57 Safe Harbor. Elements of a path of travel at a subject building or facility that have been

previously constructed or altered in accordance with the April 1, 1994 Texas Accessibility Standards

(TAS) are not required to be retrofitted to reflect the incremental changes in the 2012 TAS solely

because of an alteration to a primary function area served by that path of travel. Those elements

would be subject to compliance with the 2012 TAS only when the elements of a path of travel are

being altered.

106.5.58 Self-Service Storage. Building or facility designed and used for the purpose of renting or

leasing individual storage spaces to customers for the purpose of storing and removing personal

property on a self-service basis.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.59 Service Entrance. An entrance intended primarily for delivery of goods or services.

106.5.60 Shopping Center or Shopping Mall. A building housing five or more sales or rental

establishments; or a series of buildings on a common site, either under common ownership or

common control or developed either as one project or as a series of related projects, housing five or

more sales or rental establishments. For purposes of this standard, places of public accommodation

of the types listed in the definition of “place of public accommodation” in Chapter 68, Texas

Administrative Code are considered sales or rental establishments. The facility housing a “shopping

center or shopping mall” only includes floor levels housing at least one sales or rental establishment,

or any floor level designed or intended for use by at least one sales or rental establishment.

106.5.61 Site. A parcel of land bounded by a property line or a designated portion of a public right-of-

way.

106.5.62 Soft Contained Play Structure. A play structure made up of one or more play components

where the user enters a fully enclosed play environment that utilizes pliable materials, such as plastic,

netting, or fabric.

106.5.63 Space. A definable area, such as a room, toilet room, hall, assembly area, entrance,

storage room, alcove, courtyard, or lobby.

106.5.64 Story. That portion of a building or facility designed for human occupancy included between

the upper surface of a floor and upper surface of the floor or roof next above. A story containing one

or more mezzanines has more than one floor level.

106.5.65 Structural Frame. The columns and the girders, beams, and trusses having direct

connections to the columns and all other members that are essential to the stability of the building or

facility as a whole.

106.5.66 Structural Impracticability. In new construction, full compliance with the requirements of

these standards is not required where an entity can demonstrate that it is structurally impracticable to

meet the requirements. Full compliance will be considered structurally impracticable only in those rare

circumstances when the unique characteristics of terrain prevent the incorporation of accessibility

features. If full compliance with these standards would be structurally impracticable, compliance with

these standards is required to the extent that it is not structurally impracticable. In that case, any

portion of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible to the extent that it is not

structurally impracticable. If providing accessibility in conformance with these standards to individuals

with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would be structurally impracticable,

accessibility shall nonetheless be ensured to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who

use crutches or who have sight, hearing, or mental impairments) in accordance with these standards.

All determinations of structural impracticability are made by the Department in accordance with the

variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

106.5.67 Tactile. An object that can be perceived using the sense of touch.

106.5.68 Technically Infeasible. With respect to an alteration of a building or a facility, something

that has little likelihood of being accomplished because existing structural conditions would require

removing or altering a load-bearing member that is an essential part of the structural frame;

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

106.5.68 Technically Infeasible (Continued). or because other existing physical or site constraints

prohibit modification or addition of elements, spaces, or features that are in full and strict compliance

with the minimum requirements. All determinations of technical infeasibility are made by the

Department in accordance with the variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas

Administrative Code.

106.5.69 Teeing Ground. In golf, the starting place for the hole to be played.

106.5.70 Transfer Device. Equipment designed to facilitate the transfer of a person from a

wheelchair or other mobility aid to and from an amusement ride seat.

106.5.71 Transient Lodging. A building or facility containing one or more guest room(s) for sleeping

that provides accommodations that are primarily short-term in nature. Transient lodging does not

include residential dwelling units intended to be used as a residence, inpatient medical care facilities,

licensed long-term care facilities, detention or correctional facilities, or private buildings or facilities

that contain not more than five rooms for rent or hire and that are actually occupied by the proprietor

as the residence of such proprietor.

106.5.72 Transition Plate. A sloping pedestrian walking surface located at the end(s) of a gangway.

106.5.73 TTY. An abbreviation for teletypewriter. Machinery that employs interactive text-based

communication through the transmission of coded signals across the telephone network. TTYs may

include, for example, devices known as TDDs (telecommunication display devices or

telecommunication devices for deaf persons) or computers with special modems. TTYs are also

called text telephones.

106.5.74 Use Zone. The ground level area beneath and immediately adjacent to a play structure or

play equipment that is designated by ASTM F 1487 (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced

Standards” in Chapter 1) for unrestricted circulation around the play equipment and where it is

predicted that a user would land when falling from or exiting the play equipment.

106.5.75 Vehicular Way. A route provided for vehicular traffic, such as in a street, driveway, or

parking facility.

106.5.76 Walk. An exterior prepared surface for pedestrian use, including pedestrian areas such as

plazas and courts.

106.5.77 Wheelchair Space. Space for a single wheelchair and its occupant.

106.5.78 Work Area Equipment. Any machine, instrument, engine, motor, pump, conveyor, or other

apparatus used to perform work. As used in this document, this term shall apply only to equipment

that is permanently installed or built-in in employee work areas. Work area equipment does not

include passenger elevators and other accessible means of vertical transportation.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

CHAPTER 2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS

201 Application

201.1 Scope. All areas of newly designed and newly constructed buildings and facilities and altered

portions of existing buildings and facilities shall comply with these requirements.

These standards apply to fixed or built-in elements of buildings, structures, site improvements, and

pedestrian routes or vehicular ways located on a site. Unless specifically stated otherwise, advisory

notes and figures explain or illustrate the requirements of the standards; they do not establish

enforceable requirements.

The standards for determining the appropriate or minimum numbers contained in this document are

considered minimal and the Executive Director shall have the authority to make adjustments when it

is determined that the standards would cause the numbers or locations to be insufficient to

adequately meet the needs of people with disabilities based on the nature, use, and other

circumstances of any particular building or facility. In determining the appropriate number and

location of a particular element, space, or fixture, the following factors shall be among those

considered:

(i) population to be served

(ii) availability to the user;

(iii) location relative to distance and time;

(iv) location relative to isolation and separation;

(v) function of the building or facility; and

(vi) equal treatment and opportunity

EXCEPTION: Commercial Facilities and Public Accommodations Located in Private

Residences. When a commercial facility or public accommodation is located in a private residence,

the portion of the residence used exclusively as a residence is not covered by these standards.

Those portions used in the operation of the commercial facility or public accommodation or that

portion used both for the commercial facility or public accommodation and for residential purposes

is covered by the new construction and alterations requirements of these standards.

The portion of the residence used in the operation of the commercial facility or public

accommodation extends to those elements used to enter the commercial facility or public

accommodation, including the homeownerś front sidewalk, if any, the door or entryway, and

hallways; and those portions of the residence, interior or exterior, available to or used by employees

or visitors of the commercial facility or public accommodation, including restrooms.

Advisory 201.1 Scope. These requirements are to be applied to all areas of a facility unless

exempted, or where scoping limits the number of multiple elements required to be accessible. For

example, not all medical care patient rooms are required to be accessible; those that are not required

to be accessible are not required to comply with these requirements. However, common use and

public use spaces such as recovery rooms, examination rooms, and cafeterias are not exempt from

these requirements and must be accessible.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

201.2 Application Based on Building or Facility Use. Where a site, building, facility, room, or

space contains more than one use, each portion shall comply with the applicable requirements for

that use.

201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures. These requirements shall apply to temporary and

permanent buildings and facilities.

Advisory 201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures. Temporary buildings or facilities covered

by these requirements include, but are not limited to, reviewing stands, temporary classrooms,

bleacher areas, stages, platforms and daises, fixed furniture systems, wall systems, and exhibit

areas, temporary banking facilities, and temporary health screening facilities. Structures and

equipment directly associated with the actual processes of construction are not required to be

accessible as permitted in 203.2

202 Existing Buildings and Facilities

202.1 General. Additions and alterations to existing buildings or facilities shall comply with 202.

202.2 Additions. Each addition to an existing building or facility shall comply with the requirements

for new construction. Each addition that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area

containing a primary function shall comply with 202.4.

202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements, spaces, or common use areas are altered, each altered

element, space, or common use area shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 2.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Unless required by 202.4, where elements or spaces are altered and the circulation path to the

altered element or space is not altered, an accessible route shall not be required.

2. In alterations, where compliance with applicable requirements is technically infeasible, the

alteration shall comply with the requirements to the maximum extent feasible. For purposes of

ensuring compliance with Texas Government Code, Chapter 469, all determinations of technical

infeasibility and maximum extent feasible are made by the Department in accordance with the

variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

3. Residential dwelling units not required to be accessible in compliance with a standard issued

pursuant to Texas Government Code, Chapter 469, shall not be required to comply with 202.3.

Advisory 202.3 Alterations. Although covered entities are permitted to limit the scope of an

alteration to individual elements, the alteration of multiple elements within a room or space may

provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire room or space accessible. Any elements or

spaces of the building or facility that are required to comply with these requirements must be made

accessible within the scope of the alteration, to the maximum extent feasible. If providing accessibility

in compliance with these requirements for people with one type of disability (e.g., people who use

wheelchairs) is not feasible, accessibility must still be provided in compliance with the requirements

for people with other types of disabilities (e.g., people who have hearing impairments or who have

vision impairments) to the extent that such accessibility is feasible.

202.3.1 Prohibited Reduction in Access. An alteration that decreases or has the effect of

decreasing the accessibility of a building or facility below the requirements for new construction at the

time of the alteration is prohibited.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

202.3.2 Extent of Application. An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a building or

facility shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction.

202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas. In addition to the requirements of 202.3, an

alteration that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function

shall be made so as to ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel to the altered

area, including the parking areas, rest rooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered

area, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, unless such alterations are

disproportionate to the overall alterations in terms of cost and scope. For purposes of ensuring

compliance with requirements of Texas Government Code, Chapter 469, all determinations of

maximum extent feasible and disproportionality are made by the Department in accordance with the

variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code. If elements of a path of

travel at a subject building or facility that have been previously constructed or altered in accordance

with the April 1, 1994 Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS) they will enjoy safe harbor and are not

required to be retrofitted to reflect the incremental changes in the 2012 TAS solely because of an

alteration to a primary function area served by that path of travel. Those elements would be subject

to compliance with the 2012 TAS only when the elements of a path of travel are being altered.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Residential dwelling units shall not be required to comply with 202.4.

2. If a tenant is making alterations as defined in 106.5.5 that would trigger the requirements of this

section, those alterations by the tenant in areas that only the tenant occupies do not trigger a path

of travel obligation upon the landlord with respect to areas of the facility under the landlordś

authority, if those areas are not otherwise being altered.

Advisory 202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas. An area of a building or facility

containing a major activity for which the building or facility is intended is a primary function area.

There can be multiple areas containing a primary function in a single building. Primary function areas

are not limited to public use areas. For example, both a bank lobby and the bank’s employee areas

such as the teller areas and walk-in safe are primary function areas. Also, mixed use facilities may

include numerous primary function areas for each use. Areas containing a primary function do not

include: mechanical rooms, boiler rooms, supply storage rooms, employee lounges or locker rooms,

janitorial closets, entrances, corridors, or restrooms. Additional information about primary function

areas is provided in 106.5.45.

Alterations made to provide an accessible path of travel to the altered area will be deemed

disproportionate to the overall alteration when the cost exceeds 20% of the cost of the alteration to

the primary function area. When the cost of alterations necessary to make the path of travel to the

altered area fully accessible is disproportionate to the cost of the overall alteration, the path of travel

shall be made accessible to the extent that it can be made accessible without incurring

disproportionate costs. In choosing which accessible elements to provide, priority should be given to

those elements that will provide the greatest access, in the following order:

(i) An accessible entrance;

(ii) An accessible route to the altered area;

(iii) At least one accessible restroom for each sex or a single unisex restroom;

(iv) Accessible telephones; (v) Accessible drinking fountains; and

(vi) When possible, additional accessible elements such as parking, storage, and alarms.

Additional information about disproportionality and path of travel and is provided in 106.5.25 and

106.5.41.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

202.5 Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings and Facilities. Alterations to a qualified historic

building or facility shall comply with 202.3 and 202.4. Alterations to buildings or facilities that are

eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or are designated as a Recorded Texas

Historic Landmark or State Archeological Landmark shall comply to the maximum extent feasible with

this part. If it is determined that it is not feasible to provide physical access to an historic property that

is a place of public accommodation in a manner that will not threaten or destroy the historic

significance of the building or the facility, alternative methods of access shall be provided pursuant to

these requirements.

EXCEPTION: Where the State Historic Preservation Officer or Advisory Council on Historic

Preservation determines that compliance with the requirements for accessible routes, entrances, or

toilet facilities would threaten or destroy the historic significance of the building or facility, the

exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities for that element shall be

permitted to apply when approved by the Department in accordance with the variance procedures

contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

Advisory 202.5 Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings and Facilities Exception. State

Historic Preservation Officers are State appointed officials who carry out certain responsibilities under

the National Historic Preservation Act. State Historic Preservation Officers consult with Federal and

State agencies, local governments, and private entities on providing access and protecting significant

elements of qualified historic buildings and facilities. There are exceptions for alterations to qualified

historic buildings and facilities for accessible routes (206.2.1 Exception 1 and 206.2.3 Exception 7);

entrances (206.4 Exception 2); and toilet facilities (213.2 Exception 2). When an entity believes that

compliance with the requirements for any of these elements would threaten or destroy the historic

significance of the building or facility, the entity should consult with the State Historic Preservation

Officer. If the State Historic Preservation Officer agrees that compliance with the requirements for a

specific element would threaten or destroy the historic significance of the building or facility, use of

the exception is permitted when approved by the Department in accordance with the variance

procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

203 General Exceptions

203.1 General. Sites, buildings, facilities, and elements are exempt from these requirements to the

extent specified by 203.

EXCEPTION: In new construction, full compliance with the requirements of these standards is not

required where an entity can demonstrate that it is structurally impracticable to meet the

requirements. Full compliance will be considered structurally impracticable only in those rare

circumstances when the unique characteristics of terrain prevent the incorporation of accessibility

features. See additional information in 106.5.66. For purposes of ensuring compliance with

requirements of Texas Government Code, Chapter 469, all determinations of structural

impracticability are made by the Department in accordance with the variance procedures contained

in Chapter 68, Texas Administrative Code.

203.2 Construction Sites. Structures and sites directly associated with the actual processes of

construction, including but not limited to, scaffolding, bridging, materials hoists, materials storage, and

construction trailers shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible

route. Portable toilet units provided for use exclusively by construction personnel on a construction

site shall not be required to comply with 213 or to be on an accessible route.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

203.3 Raised Areas. Areas raised primarily for purposes of security, life safety, or fire safety,

including but not limited to, observation or lookout galleries, prison guard towers, fire towers, or life

guard stands shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible route.

203.4 Limited Access Spaces. Spaces accessed only by ladders, catwalks, crawl spaces, or very

narrow passageways shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be on an

accessible route.

203.5 Machinery Spaces. Spaces frequented only by service personnel for maintenance, repair, or

occasional monitoring of equipment shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be

on an accessible route. Machinery spaces include, but are not limited to, elevator pits or elevator

penthouses; mechanical, electrical or communications equipment rooms; piping or equipment

catwalks; water or sewage treatment pump rooms and stations; electric substations and transformer

vaults; and highway and tunnel utility facilities.

203.6 Single Occupant Structures. Single occupant structures accessed only by passageways

below grade or elevated above standard curb height, including but not limited to, toll booths that are

accessed only by underground tunnels, shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to

be on an accessible route.

203.7 Detention and Correctional Facilities. In detention and correctional facilities, common use

areas that are used only by inmates or detainees and security personnel and that do not serve

holding cells or housing cells required to comply with 232, shall not be required to comply with these

requirements or to be on an accessible route.

203.8 Residential Facilities. In residential facilities, common use areas that do not serve residential

dwelling units required to provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4 shall not be

required to comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible route.

203.9 Employee Work Areas. Spaces and elements within employee work areas shall only be

required to comply with 206.2.8, 207.1, and 215.3 and shall be designed and constructed so that

individuals with disabilities can approach, enter, and exit the employee work area. Employee work

areas, or portions of employee work areas, other than raised courtroom stations, that are less than

300 square feet (28 m2) and elevated 7 inches (180 mm) or more above the finish floor or ground

where the elevation is essential to the function of the space shall not be required to comply with these

requirements or to be on an accessible route.

Advisory 203.9 Employee Work Areas. Although areas used exclusively by employees for work are

not required to be fully accessible, consider designing such areas to include non-required turning

spaces, and provide accessible elements whenever possible. Designing employee work areas to be

more accessible at the outset will avoid more costly retrofits when current employees become

temporarily or permanently disabled, or when new employees with disabilities are hired.

203.10 Raised Refereeing, Judging, and Scoring Areas. Raised structures used solely for

refereeing, judging, or scoring a sport shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to

be on an accessible route.

203.11 Water Slides. Water slides shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be

on an accessible route.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

203.12 Animal Containment Areas. Animal containment areas that are not for public use shall not

be required to comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible route.

Advisory 203.12 Animal Containment Areas. Public circulation routes where animals may travel,

such as in petting zoos and passageways alongside animal pens in State fairs, are not eligible for the

exception.

203.13 Raised Boxing or Wrestling Rings. Raised boxing or wrestling rings shall not be required to

comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible route.

203.14 Raised Diving Boards and Diving Platforms. Raised diving boards and diving platforms

shall not be required to comply with these requirements or to be on an accessible route.

204 Protruding Objects

204.1 General. Protruding objects on circulation paths shall comply with 307.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Within areas of sport activity, protruding objects on circulation paths shall not be required to

comply with 307.

2. Within play areas, protruding objects on circulation paths shall not be required to comply with 307

provided that ground level accessible routes provide vertical clearance in compliance with 1008.2.

205 Operable Parts

205.1 General. Operable parts on accessible elements, accessible routes, and in accessible rooms

and spaces shall comply with 309.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Operable parts that are intended for use only by service or maintenance personnel shall not be

required to comply with 309.

2. Electrical or communication receptacles serving a dedicated use shall not be required to comply

with 309.

3. Where two or more outlets are provided in a kitchen above a length of counter top that is

uninterrupted by a sink or appliance, one outlet shall not be required to comply with 309.

4. Floor electrical receptacles shall not be required to comply with 309.

5. HVAC diffusers shall not be required to comply with 309.

6. Except for light switches, where redundant controls are provided for a single element, one control

in each space shall not be required to comply with 309.

7. Cleats and other boat securement devices shall not be required to comply with 309.3.

8. Exercise machines and exercise equipment shall not be required to comply with 309.

Advisory 205.1 General. Controls covered by 205.1 include, but are not limited to, light switches,

circuit breakers, duplexes and other convenience receptacles, environmental and appliance controls,

plumbing fixture controls, and security and intercom systems.

206 Accessible Routes

206.1 General. Accessible routes shall be provided in accordance with 206 and shall comply with

Chapter 4.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.2 Where Required. Accessible routes shall be provided where required by 206.2.

206.2.1 Site Arrival Points. At least one accessible route shall be provided within the site from

accessible parking spaces and accessible passenger loading zones; public streets and sidewalks;

and public transportation stops to the accessible building or facility entrance they serve.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities are permitted by 202.5,

no more than one accessible route from a site arrival point to an accessible entrance shall be

required.

2. An accessible route shall not be required between site arrival points and the building or facility

entrance if the only means of access between them is a vehicular way not providing pedestrian

access.

Advisory 206.2.1 Site Arrival Points. Each site arrival point must be connected by an accessible

route to the accessible building entrance or entrances served. Where two or more similar site arrival

points, such as bus stops, serve the same accessible entrance or entrances, both bus stops must be

on accessible routes. In addition, the accessible routes must serve all of the accessible entrances on

the site.

Advisory 206.2.1 Site Arrival Points Exception 2. Access from site arrival points may include

vehicular ways. Where a vehicular way, or a portion of a vehicular way, is provided for pedestrian

travel, such as within a shopping center or shopping mall parking lot, this exception does not apply.

206.2.2 Within a Site. At least one accessible route shall connect accessible buildings, accessible

facilities, accessible elements, and accessible spaces that are on the same site.

EXCEPTION: An accessible route shall not be required between accessible buildings, accessible

facilities, accessible elements, and accessible spaces if the only means of access between them is

a vehicular way not providing pedestrian access.

Advisory 206.2.2 Within a Site. An accessible route is required to connect to the boundary of each

area of sport activity. Examples of areas of sport activity include: soccer fields, basketball courts,

baseball fields, running tracks, skating rinks, and the area surrounding a piece of gymnastic

equipment. While the size of an area of sport activity may vary from sport to sport, each includes only

the space needed to play. Where multiple sports fields or courts are provided, an accessible route is

required to each field or area of sport activity.

206.2.3 Multi-Story Buildings and Facilities. At least one accessible route shall connect each story

and mezzanine in multi-story buildings and facilities.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In private buildings or facilities that are less than three stories or that have less than 3000 square

feet (279 m2) per story, an accessible route shall not be required to connect stories provided that

the building or facility is not a shopping center, a shopping mall, the professional office of a health

care provider, a terminal, depot or other station used for specified public transportation, an airport

passenger terminal, or another type of facility as determined by the U. S. Attorney General. In

transportation facilities, any area housing passenger services, including boarding and debarking,

loading and unloading, baggage claim, dining facilities, and other common areas open to the public

must be on an accessible route from an accessible entrance.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

2. Where a two story public building or facility has one story with an occupant load of five or fewer

persons that does not contain public use space, that story shall not be required to be connected to

the story above or below.

3. In detention and correctional facilities, an accessible route shall not be required to connect

stories where cells with mobility features required to comply with 807.2, all common use areas serving cells with mobility features required to comply with 807.2, and all public use areas are on an

accessible route.

4. In residential facilities, an accessible route shall not be required to connect stories where

residential dwelling units with mobility features required to comply with 809.2 through 809.4, all common use areas serving residential dwelling units with mobility features required to comply with

809.2 through 809.4, and public use areas serving residential dwelling units are on an accessible route.

5. Within multi-story transient lodging guest rooms with mobility features required to comply with

806.2, an accessible route shall not be required to connect stories provided that spaces complying

with 806.2 are on an accessible route and sleeping accommodations for two persons minimum are

provided on a story served by an accessible route.

6. In air traffic control towers, an accessible route shall not be required to serve the cab and the

floor immediately below the cab.

7. Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities are permitted by 202.5,

an accessible route shall not be required to stories located above or below the accessible story.

Advisory 206.2.3 Multi-Story Buildings and Facilities. Spaces and elements located on a level not

required to be served by an accessible route must fully comply with this document. While a

mezzanine may be a change in level, it is not a story. If an accessible route is required to connect

stories within a building or facility, the accessible route must serve all mezzanines. The accessible

route exception does not obviate or limit, in any way the obligation to comply with the other

accessibility requirements. For example, in a facility that houses a shopping center or shopping mall,

or a professional office of a health care provider, the floors that are above or below an accessible

ground floor and that do not house sales or rental establishments or a professional office of a health

care provider, must meet the requirements of this standard but for the accessible route.

Advisory 206.2.3 Multi-Story Buildings and Facilities Exception 4. Where common use areas are

provided for the use of residents, it is presumed that all such common use areas “serve” accessible

dwelling units unless use is restricted to residents occupying certain dwelling units. For example, if all

residents are permitted to use all laundry rooms, then all laundry rooms “serve” accessible dwelling

units. However, if the laundry room on the first floor is restricted to use by residents on the first floor,

and the second floor laundry room is for use by occupants of the second floor, then first floor

accessible units are “served” only by laundry rooms on the first floor. In this example, an accessible

route is not required to the second floor provided that all accessible units and all common use areas

serving them on the first floor.

206.2.3.1 Stairs and Escalators in Existing Buildings. In alterations and additions, where an

escalator or stair is provided where none existed previously and major structural modifications are

necessary for the installation, an accessible route shall be provided between the levels served by the

escalator or stair unless exempted by 206.2.3 Exceptions 1 through 7

206.2.4 Spaces and Elements. At least one accessible route shall connect accessible building or

facility entrances with all accessible spaces and elements within the building or facility which are

otherwise connected by a circulation path unless exempted by 206.2.3 Exceptions 1 through 7.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Raised courtroom stations, including judges’ benches, clerks’ stations, bailiffs’ stations, deputy

clerks’ stations, and court reporters’ stations shall not be required to provide vertical access

provided that the required clear floor space, maneuvering space, and, if appropriate, electrical

service are installed at the time of initial construction to allow future installation of a means of

vertical access complying with 405, 407, 408, or 410 without requiring substantial reconstruction of

the space.

2. In assembly areas with fixed seating required to comply with 221, an accessible route shall not be required to serve fixed seating where wheelchair spaces required to be on an accessible route

are not provided.

3. Accessible routes shall not be required to connect mezzanines where buildings or facilities have

no more than one story. In addition, accessible routes shall not be required to connect stories or

mezzanines where multi-story buildings or facilities are exempted by 206.2.3 Exceptions 1 through

7.

Advisory 206.2.4 Spaces and Elements. Accessible routes must connect all spaces and elements

required to be accessible including, but not limited to, raised areas and speaker platforms.

Advisory 206.2.4 Spaces and Elements Exception 1. The exception does not apply to areas that

are likely to be used by members of the public who are not employees of the court such as jury areas,

attorney areas, or witness stands.

206.2.5 Restaurants and Cafeterias. In restaurants and cafeterias, an accessible route shall be

provided to all dining areas, including raised or sunken dining areas, and outdoor dining areas.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In buildings or facilities not required to provide an accessible route between stories, an

accessible route shall not be required to a mezzanine dining area where the mezzanine contains

less than 25 percent of the total combined area for seating and dining and where the same decor

and services are provided in the accessible area.

2. In alterations, an accessible route shall not be required to existing raised or sunken dining areas,

or to all parts of existing outdoor dining areas where the same services and decor are provided in

an accessible space usable by the public and not restricted to use by people with disabilities.

3. In sports facilities, tiered dining areas providing seating required to comply with 221 shall be required to have accessible routes serving at least 25 percent of the dining area provided that

accessible routes serve seating complying with 221 and each tier is provided with the same

services.

Advisory 206.2.5 Restaurants and Cafeterias Exception 2. Examples of “same services” include,

but are not limited to, bar service, rooms having smoking and non-smoking sections, lotto and other

table games, carry-out, and buffet service. Examples of “same decor” include, but are not limited to,

seating at or near windows and railings with views, areas designed with a certain theme, party and

banquet rooms, and rooms where entertainment is provided.

206.2.6 Performance Areas. Where a circulation path directly connects a performance area to an

assembly seating area, an accessible route shall directly connect the assembly seating area with the

performance area. An accessible route shall be provided from performance areas to ancillary areas or

facilities used by performers unless exempted by 206.2.3 Exceptions 1 through 7.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.2.7 Press Boxes. Press boxes in assembly areas shall be on an accessible route.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. An accessible route shall not be required to press boxes in bleachers that have points of entry at

only one level provided that the aggregate area of all press boxes is 500 square feet (46 m²)

maximum.

2. An accessible route shall not be required to free-standing press boxes that are elevated above

grade 12 feet (3660 mm) minimum provided that the aggregate area of all press boxes is 500

square feet (46 m²) maximum.

Advisory 206.1.7 Press Boxes Exception 2. Where a facility contains multiple assembly areas, the

aggregate area of the press boxes in each assembly area is to be calculated separately. For

example, if a university has a soccer stadium with three press boxes elevated 12 feet (3660 mm) or

more above grade and each press box is 150 square feet (14 m²), then the aggregate area of the

soccer stadium press boxes is less than 500 square feet (46 m²) and Exception 2 applies to the

soccer stadium. If that same university also has a football stadium with two press boxes elevated 12

feet (3660 mm) or more above grade and one press box is 250 square feet (23 m²), and the second is

275 square feet (26 m²), then the aggregate area of the football stadium press boxes is more than

500 square feet (46 m²) and Exception 2 does not apply to the football stadium.

206.2.8 Employee Work Areas. Common use circulation paths within employee work areas shall

comply with 402.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Common use circulation paths located within employee work areas that are less than 1000

square feet (93 m²) and defined by permanently installed partitions, counters, casework, or

furnishings shall not be required to comply with 402.

2. Common use circulation paths located within employee work areas that are an integral

component of work area equipment shall not be required to comply with 402.

3. Common use circulation paths located within exterior employee work areas that are fully exposed

to the weather shall not be required to comply with 402.

Advisory 206.2.8 Employee Work Areas Exception 1. Modular furniture that is not permanently

installed is not directly subject to these requirements. The U. S. Department of Justice ADA

regulations provide additional guidance regarding the relationship between these requirements and

elements that are not part of the built environment. Additionally, the Equal Employment Opportunity

Commission (EEOC) implements Title I of the ADA which requires non-discrimination in the

workplace. EEOC can provide guidance regarding employer’s obligations to provide

accommodations for employees with disabilities.

Advisory 206.2.8 Employee Work Areas Exception 2. Large pieces of equipment, such as electric

turbines or water pumping apparatus, may have stairs and elevated walkways used for overseeing or

monitoring purposes which are physically part of the turbine or pump. However, passenger elevators

used for vertical transportation between stories are not considered “work area equipment” as defined

in Section 106.5.

206.2.9 Amusement Rides. Amusement rides required to comply with 234 shall provide accessible

routes in accordance with 206.2.9. Accessible routes serving amusement rides shall comply with

Chapter 4 except as modified by 1002.2.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.2.9.1 Load and Unload Areas. Load and unload areas shall be on an accessible route. Where

load and unload areas have more than one loading or unloading position, at least one loading and

unloading position shall be on an accessible route.

206.2.9.2 Wheelchair Spaces, Ride Seats Designed for Transfer, and Transfer Devices. When

amusement rides are in the load and unload position, wheelchair spaces complying with 1002.4,

amusement ride seats designed for transfer complying with 1002.5, and transfer devices complying

with 1002.6 shall be on an accessible route.

206.2.10 Recreational Boating Facilities. Boat slips required to comply with 235.2 and boarding

piers at boat launch ramps required to comply with 235.3 shall be on an accessible route. Accessible

routes serving recreational boating facilities shall comply with Chapter 4, except as modified by

1003.2.

206.2.11 Bowling Lanes. Where bowling lanes are provided, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than

one of each type of bowling lane, shall be on an accessible route.

206.2.12 Court Sports. In court sports, at least one accessible route shall directly connect both sides

of the court.

206.2.13 Exercise Machines and Equipment. Exercise machines and equipment required to comply

with 236 shall be on an accessible route.

206.2.14 Fishing Piers and Platforms. Fishing piers and platforms shall be on an accessible route.

Accessible routes serving fishing piers and platforms shall comply with Chapter 4 except as modified

by 1005.1.

206.2.15 Golf Facilities. At least one accessible route shall connect accessible elements and spaces

within the boundary of the golf course. In addition, accessible routes serving golf car rental areas; bag

drop areas; course weather shelters complying with 238.2.3; course toilet rooms; and practice putting

greens, practice teeing grounds, and teeing stations at driving ranges complying with 238.3 shall

comply with Chapter 4 except as modified by 1006.2.

EXCEPTION: Golf car passages complying with 1006.3 shall be permitted to be used for all or part

of accessible routes required by 206.2.15.

206.2.16 Miniature Golf Facilities. Holes required to comply with 239.2, including the start of play,

shall be on an accessible route. Accessible routes serving miniature golf facilities shall comply with

Chapter 4 except as modified by 1007.2.

206.2.17 Play Areas. Play areas shall provide accessible routes in accordance with 206.2.17.

Accessible routes serving play areas shall comply with Chapter 4 except as modified by 1008.2.

206.2.17.1 Ground Level and Elevated Play Components. At least one accessible route shall be

provided within the play area. The accessible route shall connect ground level play components

required to comply with 240.2.1 and elevated play components required to comply with 240.2.2,

including entry and exit points of the play components.

206.2.17.2 Soft Contained Play Structures. Where three or fewer entry points are provided for soft

contained play structures, at least one entry point shall be on an accessible route. Where four or

more entry points are provided for soft contained play structures, at least two entry points shall be on

an accessible route.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.3 Location. Accessible routes shall coincide with or be located in the same area as general

circulation paths. Where circulation paths are interior, required accessible routes shall also be interior.

Advisory 206.3 Location. The accessible route must be in the same area as the general circulation

path. This means that circulation paths, such as vehicular ways designed for pedestrian traffic, walks,

and unpaved paths that are designed to be routinely used by pedestrians must be accessible or have

an accessible route nearby. Additionally, accessible vertical interior circulation must be in the same

area as stairs and escalators, not isolated in the back of the facility.

206.4 Entrances. Entrances shall be provided in accordance with 206.4. Entrance doors, doorways,

and gates shall comply with 404 and shall be on an accessible route complying with 402.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where an alteration includes alterations to an entrance, and the building or facility has another

entrance complying with 404 that is on an accessible route, the altered entrance shall not be

required to comply with 206.4 unless required by 202.4.

2. Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities are permitted by 202.5,

no more than one public entrance shall be required to comply with 206.4. Where no public entrance

can comply with 206.4 under criteria established in 202.5 Exception, then either an unlocked

entrance not used by the public shall comply with 206.4; or a locked entrance complying with 206.4

with a notification system or remote monitoring shall be provided.

206.4.1 Public Entrances. In addition to entrances required by 206.4.2 through 206.4.9, at least 60

percent of all public entrances shall comply with 404.

206.4.2 Parking Structure Entrances. Where direct access is provided for pedestrians from a

parking structure to a building or facility entrance, each direct access to the building or facility

entrance shall comply with 404.

206.4.3 Entrances from Tunnels or Elevated Walkways. Where direct access is provided for

pedestrians from a pedestrian tunnel or elevated walkway to a building or facility, at least one direct

entrance to the building or facility from each tunnel or walkway shall comply with 404.

206.4.4 Transportation Facilities. In addition to the requirements of 206.4.2, 206.4.3, and 206.4.5

through 206.4.9, transportation facilities shall provide entrances in accordance with 206.4.4.

206.4.4.1 Location. In transportation facilities, where different entrances serve different

transportation fixed routes or groups of fixed routes, at least one public entrance serving each fixed

route or group of fixed routes shall comply with 404.

EXCEPTION: Entrances to key stations and existing intercity rail stations retrofitted in accordance

with 49 CFR 37.49 or 49 CFR 37.51 shall not be required to comply with 206.4.4.1.

206.4.4.2 Direct Connections. Direct connections to other facilities shall provide an accessible route

complying with 404 from the point of connection to boarding platforms and all transportation system

elements required to be accessible. Any elements provided to facilitate future direct connections shall

be on an accessible route connecting boarding platforms and all transportation system elements

required to be accessible.

EXCEPTION: In key stations and existing intercity rail stations, existing direct connections shall not

be required to comply with 404.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.4.4.3 Key Stations and Intercity Rail Stations. Key stations and existing intercity rail stations

required by Subpart C of 49 CFR part 37 to be altered shall have at least one entrance complying

with 404.

206.4.5 Tenant Spaces. At least one accessible entrance to each tenancy in a facility shall comply

with 404.

EXCEPTION: Self-service storage facilities not required to comply with 225.3 shall not be required

to be on an accessible route.

206.4.6 Residential Dwelling Unit Primary Entrance. In residential dwelling units, at least one

primary entrance shall comply with 404. The primary entrance to a residential dwelling unit shall not

be to a bedroom.

206.4.7 Restricted Entrances. Where restricted entrances are provided to a building or facility, at

least one restricted entrance to the building or facility shall comply with 404.

206.4.8 Service Entrances. If a service entrance is the only entrance to a building or to a tenancy in

a facility, that entrance shall comply with 404.

206.4.9 Entrances for Inmates or Detainees. Where entrances used only by inmates or detainees

and security personnel are provided at judicial facilities, detention facilities, or correctional facilities, at

least one such entrance shall comply with 404

206.5 Doors, Doorways, and Gates. Doors, doorways, and gates providing user passage shall be

provided in accordance with 206.5.

206.5.1 Entrances. Each entrance to a building or facility required to comply with 206.4 shall have at

least one door, doorway, or gate complying with 404.

206.5.2 Rooms and Spaces. Within a building or facility, at least one door, doorway, or gate serving

each room or space complying with these requirements shall comply with 404.

206.5.3 Transient Lodging Facilities. In transient lodging facilities, entrances, doors, and doorways

providing user passage into and within guest rooms that are not required to provide mobility features

complying with 806.2 shall comply with 404.2.3.

EXCEPTION: Shower and sauna doors in guest rooms that are not required to provide mobility

features complying with 806.2 shall not be required to comply with 404.2.3.

206.5.4 Residential Dwelling Units. In residential dwelling units required to provide mobility features

complying with 809.2 through 809.4, all doors and doorways providing user passage shall comply with 404.

206.6 Elevators. Elevators provided for passengers shall comply with 407. Where multiple elevators

are provided, each elevator shall comply with 407.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In a building or facility permitted to use the exceptions to 206.2.3 or permitted by 206.7 to use a

platform lift, elevators complying with 408 shall be permitted.

2. Elevators complying with 408 or 409 shall be permitted in multi-story residential dwelling units.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.6.1 Existing Elevators. Where elements of existing elevators are altered, the same element

shall also be altered in all elevators that are programmed to respond to the same hall call control as

the altered elevator and shall comply with the requirements of 407 for the altered element.

206.7 Platform Lifts. Platform lifts shall comply with 410. Platform lifts shall be permitted as a

component of an accessible route in new construction in accordance with 206.7. Platform lifts shall be

permitted as a component of an accessible route in an existing building or facility.

206.7.1 Performance Areas and Speakers’ Platforms. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide

accessible routes to performance areas and speakers’ platforms.

206.7.2 Wheelchair Spaces. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide an accessible route to

comply with the wheelchair space dispersion and line-of-sight requirements of 221 and 802.

206.7.3 Incidental Spaces. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide an accessible route to

incidental spaces which are not public use spaces and which are occupied by five persons maximum.

206.7.4 Judicial Spaces. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide an accessible route to: jury

boxes and witness stands; raised courtroom stations including, judges’ benches, clerks’ stations,

bailiffs’ stations, deputy clerks’ stations, and court reporters’ stations; and to depressed areas such as

the well of a court.

206.7.5 Existing Site Constraints. Platform lifts shall be permitted where existing exterior site

constraints make use of a ramp or elevator technically infeasible.

Advisory 206.7.5 Existing Site Constraints. This exception applies where topography or other

similar existing site constraints necessitate the use of a platform lift as the only feasible alternative.

While the site constraint must reflect exterior conditions, the lift can be installed in the interior of a

building. For example, a new building constructed between and connected to two existing buildings

may have insufficient space to coordinate floor levels and also to provide ramped entry from the

public way. In this example, an exterior or interior platform lift could be used to provide an accessible

entrance or to coordinate one or more interior floor levels.

206.7.6 Guest Rooms and Residential Dwelling Units. Platform lifts shall be permitted to connect

levels within transient lodging guest rooms required to provide mobility features complying with 806.2

or residential dwelling units required to provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4.

206.7.7 Amusement Rides. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide accessible routes to load and

unload areas serving amusement rides.

206.7.8 Play Areas. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide accessible routes to play components

or soft contained play structures.

206.7.9 Team or Player Seating. Platform lifts shall be permitted to provide accessible routes to

team or player seating areas serving areas of sport activity.

Advisory 206.7.9 Team or Player Seating. While the use of platform lifts is allowed, ramps are

recommended to provide access to player seating areas serving an area of sport activity.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

206.7.10 Recreational Boating Facilities and Fishing Piers and Platforms. Platform lifts shall be

permitted to be used instead of gangways that are part of accessible routes serving recreational

boating facilities and fishing piers and platforms.

206.8 Security Barriers. Security barriers, including but not limited to, security bollards and security

check points, shall not obstruct a required accessible route or accessible means of egress.

EXCEPTION: Where security barriers incorporate elements that cannot comply with these

requirements such as certain metal detectors, fluoroscopes, or other similar devices, the accessible

route shall be permitted to be located adjacent to security screening devices. The accessible route

shall permit persons with disabilities passing around security barriers to maintain visual contact with

their personal items to the same extent provided others passing through the security barrier.

207 Accessible Means of Egress

207.1 General. Means of egress shall comply with section 1003.2.13 of the International Building

Code (2000 edition and 2001 Supplement) or section 1007 of the International Building Code (2003

edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1).

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where means of egress are permitted by local building or life safety codes to share a common

path of egress travel, accessible means of egress shall be permitted to share a common path of

egress travel.

2. Areas of refuge shall not be required in detention and correctional facilities.

207.2 Platform Lifts. Standby power shall be provided for platform lifts permitted by section

1003.2.13.4 of the International Building Code (2000 edition and 2001 Supplement) or section 1007.5

of the International Building Code (2003 edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced

Standards” in Chapter 1) to serve as a part of an accessible means of egress.

208 Parking Spaces

208.1 General. Where parking spaces are provided, parking spaces shall be provided in accordance

with 208.

EXCEPTION: Parking spaces used exclusively for buses, trucks, other delivery vehicles, law

enforcement vehicles, or vehicular impound shall not be required to comply with 208 provided that

lots accessed by the public are provided with a passenger loading zone complying with 503.

208.2 Minimum Number. Parking spaces complying with 502 shall be provided in accordance with

Table 208.2 except as required by 208.2.1, 208.2.2, and 208.2.3. Where more than one parking

facility is provided on a site, the number of accessible spaces provided on the site shall be calculated

according to the number of spaces required for each parking facility.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Table 208.2 Parking Spaces

Total Number of Parking Spaces

Minimum Number of Required

Provided in Parking Facility

Accessible Parking Spaces

1 to 25

1

26 to 50

2

51 to 75

3

76 to 100

4

101 to 150

5

151 to 200

6

201 to 300

7

301 to 400

8

401 to 500

9

501 to 1000

2 percent of total

1001 and over

20, plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000

Advisory 208.2 Minimum Number. The term “parking facility” is used Section 208.2 instead of the

term “parking lot” so that it is clear that both parking lots and parking structures are required to

comply with this section. The number of parking spaces required to be accessible is to be calculated

separately for each parking facility; the required number is not to be based on the total number of

parking spaces provided in all of the parking facilities provided on the site.

208.2.1 Hospital Outpatient Facilities. Ten percent of patient and visitor parking spaces provided to

serve hospital outpatient facilities shall comply with 502.

Advisory 208.2.1 Hospital Outpatient Facilities. The term “outpatient facility” is not defined in this

document but is intended to cover facilities or units that are located in hospitals and that provide

regular and continuing medical treatment without an overnight stay. Doctors’ offices, independent

clinics, or other facilities not located in hospitals are not considered hospital outpatient facilities for

purposes of this document.

208.2.2 Rehabilitation Facilities and Outpatient Physical Therapy Facilities. Twenty percent of

patient and visitor parking spaces provided to serve rehabilitation facilities specializing in treating

conditions that affect mobility and outpatient physical therapy facilities shall comply with 502.

Advisory 208.2.2 Rehabilitation Facilities and Outpatient Physical Therapy Facilities.

Conditions that affect mobility include conditions requiring the use or assistance of a brace, cane,

crutch, prosthetic device, wheelchair, or powered mobility aid; arthritic, neurological, or orthopedic

conditions that severely limit one’s ability to walk; respiratory diseases and other conditions which

may require the use of portable oxygen; and cardiac conditions that impose significant functional

limitations.

208.2.3 Residential Facilities. Parking spaces provided to serve residential facilities shall comply

with 208.2.3.

208.2.3.1 Parking for Residents. Where at least one parking space is provided for each residential

dwelling unit, at least one parking space complying with 502 shall be provided for each residential

dwelling unit required to provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

208.2.3.2 Additional Parking Spaces for Residents. Where the total number of parking spaces

provided for each residential dwelling unit exceeds one parking space per residential dwelling unit, 2

percent, but no fewer than one space, of all the parking spaces not covered by 208.2.3.1 shall comply

with 502.

208.2.3.3 Parking for Guests, Employees, and Other Non-Residents. Where parking spaces are

provided for persons other than residents, parking shall be provided in accordance with Table 208.2.

208.2.4 Van Parking Spaces. For every six or fraction of six parking spaces required by 208.2 to

comply with 502, at least one shall be a van parking space complying with 502.

208.3 Location. Parking facilities shall comply with 208.3

208.3.1 General. Parking spaces complying with 502 that serve a particular building or facility shall

be located on the shortest accessible route from parking to an entrance complying with 206.4. Where

parking serves more than one accessible entrance, parking spaces complying with 502 shall be

dispersed and located on the shortest accessible route to the accessible entrances. In parking

facilities that do not serve a particular building or facility, parking spaces complying with 502 shall be

located on the shortest accessible route to an accessible pedestrian entrance of the parking facility.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. All van parking spaces shall be permitted to be grouped on one level within a multi-story parking

facility.

2. Parking spaces shall be permitted to be located in different parking facilities if substantially

equivalent or greater accessibility is provided in terms of distance from an accessible entrance or

entrances, parking fee, and user convenience.

Advisory 208.3.1 General Exception 2. Factors that could affect “user convenience” include, but are

not limited to, protection from the weather, security, lighting, and comparative maintenance of the

alternative parking site.

208.3.2 Residential Facilities. In residential facilities containing residential dwelling units required to

provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4, parking spaces provided in accordance with 208.2.3.1 shall be located on the shortest accessible route to the residential dwelling unit

entrance they serve. Spaces provided in accordance with 208.2.3.2 shall be dispersed throughout all

types of parking provided for the residential dwelling units.

EXCEPTION: Parking spaces provided in accordance with 208.2.3.2 shall not be required to be

dispersed throughout all types of parking if substantially equivalent or greater accessibility is

provided in terms of distance from an accessible entrance, parking fee, and user convenience.

Advisory 208.3.2 Residential Facilities Exception. Factors that could affect “user convenience”

include, but are not limited to, protection from the weather, security, lighting, and comparative

maintenance of the alternative parking site

209 Passenger Loading Zones and Bus Stops

209.1 General. Passenger loading zones shall be provided in accordance with 209.

209.2 Type. Where provided, passenger loading zones shall comply with 209.2.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

209.2.1 Passenger Loading Zones. Passenger loading zones, except those required to comply with

209.2.2 and 209.2.3, shall provide at least one passenger loading zone complying with 503 in every

continuous 100 linear feet (30 m) of loading zone space, or fraction thereof.

209.2.2 Bus Loading Zones. In bus loading zones restricted to use by designated or specified public

transportation vehicles, each bus bay, bus stop, or other area designated for lift or ramp deployment

shall comply with 810.2.

Advisory 209.2.2 Bus Loading Zones. The terms “designated public transportation” and “specified

public transportation” are defined by the U. S. Department of Transportation at 49 CFR 37.3 in

regulations implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act. These terms refer to public

transportation services provided by public or private entities, respectively. For example, designated

public transportation vehicles include buses and vans operated by public transit agencies, while

specified public transportation vehicles include tour and charter buses, taxis and limousines, and

hotel shuttles operated by private entities.

209.2.3 On-Street Bus Stops. On-street bus stops shall comply with 810.2 to the maximum extent

practicable.

209.3 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities. At least one passenger loading zone

complying with 503 shall be provided at an accessible entrance to licensed medical care and licensed

long-term care facilities where the period of stay exceeds twenty-four hours.

209.4 Valet Parking. Parking facilities that provide valet parking services shall provide at least one

passenger loading zone complying with 503.

209.5 Mechanical Access Parking Garages. Mechanical access parking garages shall provide at

least one passenger loading zone complying with 503 at vehicle drop-off and vehicle pick-up areas.

210 Stairways

210.1 General. Interior and exterior stairs that are part of a means of egress shall comply with 504.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In detention and correctional facilities, stairs that are not located in public use areas shall not be

required to comply with 504.

2. In alterations, stairs between levels that are connected by an accessible route shall not be

required to comply with 504, except that handrails complying with 505 shall be provided when the

stairs are altered.

3. In assembly areas, aisle stairs shall not be required to comply with 504.

4. Stairs that connect play components shall not be required to comply with 504.

Advisory 210.1 General. Although these requirements do not mandate handrails on stairs that are

not part of a means of egress, State or local building codes may require handrails or guards.

211 Drinking Fountains

211.1 General. Where drinking fountains are provided on an exterior site, on a floor, or within a

secured area they shall be provided in accordance with 211.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

EXCEPTION: In detention or correctional facilities, drinking fountains only serving holding or

housing cells not required to comply with 232 shall not be required to comply with 211.

211.2 Minimum Number. No fewer than two drinking fountains shall be provided. One drinking

fountain shall comply with 602.1 through 602.6 and one drinking fountain shall comply with 602.7.

EXCEPTION: Where a single drinking fountain complies with 602.1 through 602.6 and 602.7, it

shall be permitted to be substituted for two separate drinking fountains.

211.3 More Than Minimum Number. Where more than the minimum number of drinking fountains

specified in 211.2 are provided, 50 percent of the total number of drinking fountains provided shall

comply with 602.1 through 602.6, and 50 percent of the total number of drinking fountains provided

shall comply with 602.7.

EXCEPTION: Where 50 percent of the drinking fountains yields a fraction, 50 percent shall be

permitted to be rounded up or down provided that the total number of drinking fountains complying

with 211 equals 100 percent of drinking fountains.

212 Kitchens, Kitchenettes, and Sinks

212.1 General. Where provided, kitchens, kitchenettes, and sinks shall comply with 212.

212.2 Kitchens and Kitchenettes. Kitchens and kitchenettes shall comply with 804.

212.3 Sinks. Where sinks are provided, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type

provided in each accessible room or space shall comply with 606.

EXCEPTION: Mop or service sinks shall not be required to comply with 212.3.

213 Toilet Facilities and Bathing Facilities

213.1 General. Where toilet facilities and bathing facilities are provided, they shall comply with 213.

Where toilet facilities and bathing facilities are provided in facilities permitted by 206.2.3 Exceptions 1

and 2 not to connect stories by an accessible route, toilet facilities and bathing facilities shall be

provided on a story connected by an accessible route to an accessible entrance.

213.2 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms. Where toilet rooms are provided, each toilet room shall

comply with 603. Where bathing rooms are provided, each bathing room shall comply with 603.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In alterations where it is technically infeasible to comply with 603, altering existing toilet or

bathing rooms shall not be required where a single unisex toilet room or bathing room complying

with 213.2.1 is provided and located in the same area and on the same floor as existing

inaccessible toilet or bathing rooms.

2. Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities are permitted by 202.5,

no fewer than one toilet room for each sex complying with 603 or one unisex toilet room complying

with 213.2.1 shall be provided.

3. Where multiple single user portable toilet or bathing units are clustered at a single location, no

more than 5 percent of the toilet units and bathing units at each cluster shall be required to comply

with 603. Portable toilet units and bathing units complying with 603 shall be identified by the

International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

4. Where multiple single user toilet rooms are clustered at a single location, no more than 50

percent of the single user toilet rooms for each use at each cluster shall be required to comply with

603.

Advisory 213.2 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms. These requirements allow the use of unisex (or

single-user) toilet rooms in alterations when technical infeasibility can be demonstrated. Unisex toilet

rooms benefit people who use opposite sex personal care assistants. For this reason, it is

advantageous to install unisex toilet rooms in addition to accessible single-sex toilet rooms in new

facilities.

Advisory 213.2 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms Exceptions 3 and 4. A “cluster” is a group of

toilet rooms proximate to one another. Generally, toilet rooms in a cluster are within sight of, or

adjacent to, one another.

213.2.1 Unisex (Single-Use or Family) Toilet and Unisex Bathing Rooms. Unisex toilet rooms

shall contain not more than one lavatory, and two water closets without urinals or one water closet

and one urinal. Unisex bathing rooms shall contain one shower or one shower and one bathtub, one

lavatory, and one water closet. Doors to unisex toilet rooms and unisex bathing rooms shall have

privacy latches.

213.3 Plumbing Fixtures and Accessories. Plumbing fixtures and accessories provided in a toilet

room or bathing room required to comply with 213.2 shall comply with 213.3.

213.3.1 Toilet Compartments. Where toilet compartments are provided, at least one toilet

compartment shall comply with 604.8.1. In addition to the compartment required to comply with

604.8.1, at least one compartment shall comply with 604.8.2 where six or more toilet compartments

are provided, or where the combination of urinals and water closets totals six or more fixtures.

Advisory 213.3.1 Toilet Compartments. A toilet compartment is a partitioned space that is located

within a toilet room, and that normally contains no more than one water closet. A toilet compartment

may also contain a lavatory. A lavatory is a sink provided for hand washing. Full-height partitions and

door assemblies can comprise toilet compartments where the minimum required spaces are provided

within the compartment.

213.3.2 Water Closets. Where water closets are provided, at least one shall comply with 604.

213.3.3 Urinals. Where more than one urinal is provided, at least one shall comply with 605.

213.3.4 Lavatories. Where lavatories are provided, at least one shall comply with 606 and shall not

be located in a toilet compartment.

213.3.5 Mirrors. Where mirrors are provided, at least one shall comply with 603.3. Accessible mirrors

shall be provided at locations that are consistent with the location of other mirrors in the same room.

213.3.6 Bathing Facilities. Where bathtubs or showers are provided, at least one bathtub complying

with 607 or at least one shower complying with 608 shall be provided.

213.3.7 Coat Hooks and Shelves. Where coat hooks or shelves are provided in toilet rooms without

toilet compartments, at least one of each type shall comply with 603.4. Where coat hooks or shelves

are provided in toilet compartments, at least one of each type complying with 604.8.3 shall be

provided in toilet compartments required to comply with 213.3.1. Where coat hooks or shelves are

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

provided in bathing facilities, at least one of each type complying with 603.4 shall serve fixtures

required to comply with 213.3.6.

214 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers

214.1 General. Where provided, washing machines and clothes dryers shall comply with 214.

214.2 Washing Machines. Where three or fewer washing machines are provided, at least one shall

comply with 611. Where more than three washing machines are provided, at least two shall comply

with 611.

214.3 Clothes Dryers. Where three or fewer clothes dryers are provided, at least one shall comply

with 611. Where more than three clothes dryers are provided, at least two shall comply with 611.

215 Fire Alarm Systems

215.1 General. Where fire alarm systems provide audible alarm coverage, alarms shall comply with

215.

EXCEPTION: In existing facilities, visible alarms shall not be required except where an existing fire

alarm system is upgraded or replaced, or a new fire alarm system is installed.

Advisory 215.1 General. Unlike audible alarms, visible alarms must be located within the space they

serve so that the signal is visible. Facility alarm systems (other than fire alarm systems) such as

those used for tornado warnings and other emergencies are not required to comply with the technical

criteria for alarms in Section 702. Every effort should be made to ensure that such alarms can be

differentiated in their signal from fire alarms systems and that people who need to be notified of

emergencies are adequately safeguarded. Consult local fire departments and prepare evacuation

plans taking into consideration the needs of every building occupant, including people with

disabilities.

215.2 Public and Common Use Areas. Alarms in public use areas and common use areas shall

comply with 702.

215.3 Employee Work Areas. Where employee work areas have audible alarm coverage, the wiring

system shall be designed so that visible alarms complying with 702 can be integrated into the alarm

system.

215.4 Transient Lodging. Guest rooms required to comply with 224.4 shall provide alarms

complying with 702.

215.5 Residential Facilities. Where provided in residential dwelling units required to comply with

809.5, alarms shall comply with 702.

216 Signs

216.1 General. Signs shall be provided in accordance with 216 and shall comply with 703.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Building directories, menus, seat and row designations in assembly areas, occupant names,

building addresses, and company names and logos shall not be required to comply with 216.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

2. In parking facilities, signs shall not be required to comply with 216.2, 216.3, and 216.6 through

216.12.

3. Temporary, 7 days or less, signs shall not be required to comply with 216.

4. In detention and correctional facilities, signs not located in public use areas shall not be required

to comply with 216.

216.2 Designations. Interior and exterior signs identifying permanent rooms and spaces shall comply

with 703.1, 703.2, and 703.5. Where pictograms are provided as designations of permanent interior

rooms and spaces, the pictograms shall comply with 703.6 and shall have text descriptors complying

with 703.2 and 703.5.

EXCEPTION: Exterior signs that are not located at the door to the space they serve shall not be

required to comply with 703.2.

Advisory 216.2 Designations. Section 216.2 applies to signs that provide designations, labels, or

names for interior rooms or spaces where the sign is not likely to change over time. Examples include

interior signs labeling restrooms, room and floor numbers or letters, and room names. Tactile text

descriptors are required for pictograms that are provided to label or identify a permanent room or

space. Pictograms that provide information about a room or space, such as “no smoking,” occupant

logos, and the International Symbol of Accessibility, are not required to have text descriptors.

216.3 Directional and Informational Signs. Signs that provide direction to or information about

interior spaces and facilities of the site shall comply with 703.5.

Advisory 216.3 Directional and Informational Signs. Information about interior spaces and

facilities includes rules of conduct, occupant load, and similar signs. Signs providing direction to

rooms or spaces include those that identify egress routes.

216.4 Means of Egress. Signs for means of egress shall comply with 216.4.

216.4.1 Exit Doors. Doors at exit passageways, exit discharge, and exit stairways shall be identified

by tactile signs complying with 703.1, 703.2, and 703.5.

Advisory 216.4.1 Exit Doors. An exit passageway is a horizontal exit component that is separated

from the interior spaces of the building by fire-resistance-rated construction and that leads to the exit

discharge or public way. The exit discharge is that portion of an egress system between the

termination of an exit and a public way.

216.4.2 Areas of Refuge. Signs required by section 1003.2.13.5.4 of the International Building Code

(2000 edition) or section 1007.6.4 of the International Building Code (2003 edition) (incorporated by

reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1) to provide instructions in areas of refuge shall

comply with 703.5.

216.4.3 Directional Signs. Signs required by section 1003.2.13.6 of the International Building Code

(2000 edition) or section 1007.7 of the International Building Code (2003 edition) (incorporated by

reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1) to provide directions to accessible means of

egress shall comply with 703.5.

216.5 Parking. Parking spaces complying with 502 shall be identified by signs complying with 502.6.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where a total of four or fewer parking spaces, including accessible parking spaces, are provided

on a site, identification of accessible parking spaces shall not be required.

2. In residential facilities, where parking spaces are assigned to specific residential dwelling units,

identification of accessible parking spaces shall not be required.

216.6 Entrances. Where not all entrances comply with 404, entrances complying with 404 shall be

identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1. Directional signs

complying with 703.5 that indicate the location of the nearest entrance complying with 404 shall be

provided at entrances that do not comply with 404.

Advisory 216.6 Entrances. Where a directional sign is required, it should be located to minimize

backtracking. In some cases, this could mean locating a sign at the beginning of a route, not just at

the inaccessible entrances to a building.

216.7 Elevators. Where existing elevators do not comply with 407, elevators complying with 407

shall be clearly identified with the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1.

216.8 Toilet Rooms and Bathing Rooms. Where existing toilet rooms or bathing rooms do not

comply with 603, directional signs indicating the location of the nearest toilet room or bathing room

complying with 603 within the facility shall be provided. Signs shall comply with 703.5 and shall

include the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1. Where existing toilet rooms

or bathing rooms do not comply with 603, the toilet rooms or bathing rooms complying with 603 shall

be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1. Where clustered

single user toilet rooms or bathing facilities are permitted to use exceptions to 213.2, toilet rooms or

bathing facilities complying with 603 shall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility

complying with 703.7.2.1 unless all toilet rooms and bathing facilities comply with 603.

216.9 TTYs. Identification and directional signs for public TTYs shall be provided in accordance with

216.9.

216.9.1 Identification Signs. Public TTYs shall be identified by the International Symbol of TTY

complying with 703.7.2.2.

216.9.2 Directional Signs. Directional signs indicating the location of the nearest public TTY shall be

provided at all banks of public pay telephones not containing a public TTY. In addition, where signs

provide direction to public pay telephones, they shall also provide direction to public TTYs. Directional

signs shall comply with 703.5 and shall include the International Symbol of TTY complying with

703.7.2.2.

216.10 Assistive Listening Systems. Each assembly area required by 219 to provide assistive

listening systems shall provide signs informing patrons of the availability of the assistive listening

system. Assistive listening signs shall comply with 703.5 and shall include the International Symbol of

Access for Hearing Loss complying with 703.7.2.4.

EXCEPTION: Where ticket offices or windows are provided, signs shall not be required at each

assembly area provided that signs are displayed at each ticket office or window informing patrons

of the availability of assistive listening systems.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

216.11 Check-Out Aisles. Where more than one check-out aisle is provided, check-out aisles

complying with 904.3 shall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with

703.7.2.1. Where check-out aisles are identified by numbers, letters, or functions, signs identifying

check-out aisles complying with 904.3 shall be located in the same location as the check-out aisle

identification.

EXCEPTION: Where all check-out aisles serving a single function comply with 904.3, signs

complying with 703.7.2.1 shall not be required.

216.12 Amusement Rides. Signs identifying the type of access provided on amusement rides shall

be provided at entries to queues and waiting lines. In addition, where accessible unload areas also

serve as accessible load areas, signs indicating the location of the accessible load and unload areas

shall be provided at entries to queues and waiting lines.

Advisory 216.12 Amusement Rides. Amusement rides designed primarily for children, amusement

rides that are controlled or operated by the rider, and amusement rides without seats, are not

required to provide wheelchair spaces, transfer seats, or transfer systems, and need not meet the

sign requirements in 216.12. The load and unload areas of these rides must, however, be on an

accessible route and must provide turning space.

217 Telephones

217.1 General. Where coin-operated public pay telephones, coinless public pay telephones, public

closed-circuit telephones, public courtesy phones, or other types of public telephones are provided,

public telephones shall be provided in accordance with 217 for each type of public telephone

provided. For purposes of this section, a bank of telephones shall be considered to be two or more

adjacent telephones.

Advisory 217.1 General. These requirements apply to all types of public telephones including

courtesy phones at airports and rail stations that provide a free direct connection to hotels,

transportation services, and tourist attractions.

217.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones. Where public telephones are provided, wheelchair

accessible telephones complying with 704.2 shall be provided in accordance with Table 217.2.

EXCEPTION: Drive-up only public telephones shall not be required to comply with 217.2.

Table 217.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones

Number of Telephones Provided

Minimum Number of Required

on a Floor, Level, or Exterior Site

Wheelchair Accessible Telephones

1 or more single units

1 per floor, level, and exterior site

1 bank

1 per floor, level, and exterior site

2 or more banks

1 per bank

217.3 Volume Controls. All public telephones shall have volume controls complying with 704.3.

217.4 TTYs. TTYs complying with 704.4 shall be provided in accordance with 217.4.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 217.4 TTYs. Separate requirements are provided based on the number of public pay

telephones provided at a bank of telephones, within a floor, a building, or on a site. In some instances

one TTY can be used to satisfy more than one of these requirements. For example, a TTY required

for a bank can satisfy the requirements for a building. However, the requirement for at least one TTY

on an exterior site cannot be met by installing a TTY in a bank inside a building. Consideration should

be given to phone systems that can accommodate both digital and analog transmissions for

compatibility with digital and analog TTYs.

217.4.1 Bank Requirement. Where four or more public pay telephones are provided at a bank of

telephones, at least one public TTY complying with 704.4 shall be provided at that bank.

EXCEPTION: TTYs shall not be required at banks of telephones located within 200 feet (61 m) of,

and on the same floor as, a bank containing a public TTY.

217.4.2 Floor Requirement. TTYs in public buildings shall be provided in accordance with 217.4.2.1.

TTYs in private buildings shall be provided in accordance with 217.4.2.2.

217.4.2.1 Public Buildings. Where at least one public pay telephone is provided on a floor of a

public building, at least one public TTY shall be provided on that floor.

217.4.2.2 Private Buildings. Where four or more public pay telephones are provided on a floor of a

private building, at least one public TTY shall be provided on that floor.

217.4.3 Building Requirement. TTYs in public buildings shall be provided in accordance with

217.4.3.1. TTYs in private buildings shall be provided in accordance with 217.4.3.2.

217.4.3.1 Public Buildings. Where at least one public pay telephone is provided in a public building,

at least one public TTY shall be provided in the building. Where at least one public pay telephone is

provided in a public use area of a public building, at least one public TTY shall be provided in the

public building in a public use area.

217.4.3.2 Private Buildings. Where four or more public pay telephones are provided in a private

building, at least one public TTY shall be provided in the building.

217.4.4 Exterior Site Requirement. Where four or more public pay telephones are provided on an

exterior site, at least one public TTY shall be provided on the site.

217.4.5 Rest Stops, Emergency Roadside Stops, and Service Plazas. Where at least one public

pay telephone is provided at a public rest stop, emergency roadside stop, or service plaza, at least

one public TTY shall be provided.

217.4.6 Hospitals. Where at least one public pay telephone is provided serving a hospital emergency

room, hospital recovery room, or hospital waiting room, at least one public TTY shall be provided at

each location.

217.4.7 Transportation Facilities. In transportation facilities, in addition to the requirements of

217.4.1 through 217.4.4, where at least one public pay telephone serves a particular entrance to a

bus or rail facility, at least one public TTY shall be provided to serve that entrance. In airports, in

addition to the requirements of 217.4.1 through 217.4.4, where four or more public pay telephones

are located in a terminal outside the security areas, a concourse within the security areas, or a

baggage claim area in a terminal, at least one public TTY shall be provided in each location.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

217.4.8 Detention and Correctional Facilities. In detention and correctional facilities, where at least

one pay telephone is provided in a secured area used only by detainees or inmates and security

personnel, at least one TTY shall be provided in at least one secured area.

217.5 Shelves for Portable TTYs. Where a bank of telephones in the interior of a building consists of

three or more public pay telephones, at least one public pay telephone at the bank shall be provided

with a shelf and an electrical outlet in accordance with 704.5.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Secured areas of detention and correctional facilities where shelves and outlets are prohibited for

purposes of security or safety shall not be required to comply with 217.5.

2. The shelf and electrical outlet shall not be required at a bank of telephones with a TTY.

218 Transportation Facilities

218.1 General. Transportation facilities shall comply with 218.

218.2 New and Altered Fixed Guideway Stations. New and altered stations in rapid rail, light rail,

commuter rail, intercity rail, high speed rail, and other fixed guideway systems shall comply with 810.5

through 810.10.

218.3 Key Stations and Existing Intercity Rail Stations. Key stations and existing intercity rail

stations shall comply with 810.5 through 810.10.

218.4 Bus Shelters. Where provided, bus shelters shall comply with 810.3.

218.5 Other Transportation Facilities. In other transportation facilities, public address systems shall

comply with 810.7 and clocks shall comply with 810.8.

219 Assistive Listening Systems

219.1 General. Assistive listening systems shall be provided in accordance with 219 and shall comply

with 706.

219.2 Required Systems. In each assembly area where audible communication is integral to the use

of the space, an assistive listening system shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: Other than in courtrooms, assistive listening systems shall not be required where

audio amplification is not provided.

219.3 Receivers. Receivers complying with 706.2 shall be provided for assistive listening systems in

each assembly area in accordance with Table 219.3. Twenty-five percent minimum of receivers

provided, but no fewer than two, shall be hearing-aid compatible in accordance with 706.3.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where a building contains more than one assembly area and the assembly areas required to

provide assistive listening systems are under one management, the total number of required

receivers shall be permitted to be calculated according to the total number of seats in the assembly

areas in the building provided that all receivers are usable with all systems.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

2. Where all seats in an assembly area are served by an induction loop assistive listening system,

the minimum number of receivers required by Table 219.3 to be hearing-aid compatible shall not be

required to be provided.

Table 219.3 Receivers for Assistive Listening Systems

Minimum Number of Required

Capacity of Seating in

Minimum Number of

Receivers Required to be

Assembly Area

Required Receivers

Hearing-aid Compatible

50 or less

2

2

2, plus 1 per 25 seats over 50

51 to 200

2

seats¹

2, plus 1 per 25 seats

201 to 500

1 per 4 receivers¹

over 50 seats¹

20, plus 1 per 33 seats

501 to 1000

1 per 4 receivers¹

over 500 seats¹

35, plus 1 per 50 seats

1001 to 2000

1 per 4 receivers¹

over 1000 seats¹

55, plus 1 per 100 seats

2001 and over

1 per 4 receivers¹

over 2000 seats¹

1. Or fraction thereof.

220 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines

220.1 General. Where automatic teller machines or self-service fare vending, collection, or

adjustment machines are provided, at least one of each type provided at each location shall comply

with 707. Where bins are provided for envelopes, waste paper, or other purposes, at least one of

each type shall comply with 811.

Advisory 220.1 General. If a bank provides both interior and exterior ATMs, each such installation is

considered a separate location. Accessible ATMs, including those with speech and those that are

within reach of people who use wheelchairs, must provide all the functions provided to customers at

that location at all times. For example, it is unacceptable for the accessible ATM only to provide cash

withdrawals while inaccessible ATMs also sell theater tickets.

221 Assembly Areas

221.1 General. Assembly areas shall provide wheelchair spaces, companion seats, and designated

aisle seats complying with 221 and 802. In addition, lawn seating shall comply with 221.5.

Assembly areas shall comply with the provisions applicable to assembly areas, including, but not

limited to, sections 221 and 802. In addition, assembly areas shall ensure that –

(1) In stadiums, arenas, and grandstands, wheelchair spaces and companion seats are dispersed to

all levels that include seating served by an accessible route;

(2) In assembly areas that are required to horizontally disperse wheelchair spaces and companion

seats by section 221.2.3.1 and that have seating encircling, in whole or in part, a field of play or performance, wheelchair spaces and companion seats are dispersed around that field of play or

performance area;

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

(3) Wheelchair spaces and companion seats are not located on (or obstructed by) temporary

platforms or other movable structures, except that when an entire seating section is placed on

temporary platforms or other movable structures in an area where fixed seating is not provided, in

order to increase seating for an event, wheelchair spaces and companion seats may be placed in that

section. When wheelchair spaces and companion seats are not required to accommodate persons

eligible for those spaces and seats, individual, removable seats may be placed in those spaces and

seats;

(4) In stadium-style movie theaters, wheelchair spaces and companion seats are located on a riser or

cross-aisle in the stadium section that satisfies at least one of the following criteria –

(i) It is located within the rear 60% of the seats provided in an auditorium; or

(ii) It is located within the area of an auditorium in which the vertical viewing angles (as measured

to the top of the screen) are from the 40th to the 100th percentile of vertical viewing angles for all

seats as ranked from the seats in the first row (1st percentile) to seats in the back row (100th

percentile).

221.2 Wheelchair Spaces. Wheelchair spaces complying with 221.2 shall be provided in assembly

areas with fixed seating.

221.2.1 Number and Location. Wheelchair spaces shall be provided complying with 221.2.1.

221.2.1.1 General Seating. Wheelchair spaces complying with 802.1 shall be provided in

accordance with Table 221.2.1.1.

Table 221.2.1. Number of Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Areas

Number of Seats

Minimum Number of Required Wheelchair Spaces

4 to 25

1

26 to 50

2

51 to 150

4

151 to 300

5

301 to 500

6

501 to 5000

6, plus 1 for each 150, or fraction thereof, between 501 and 5000

5001 and over

36, plus 1 for each 200, or fraction thereof, over 5000

221.2.1.2 Luxury Boxes, Club Boxes, and Suites in Arenas, Stadiums, and Grandstands. In

each luxury box, club box, and suite within arenas, stadiums, and grandstands, wheelchair spaces

complying with 802.1 shall be provided in accordance with Table 221.2.1.1.

Advisory 221.2.1.2 Luxury Boxes, Club Boxes, and Suites in Arenas, Stadiums, and

Grandstands. The number of wheelchair spaces required in luxury boxes, club boxes, and suites

within an arena, stadium, or grandstand is to be calculated box by box and suite by suite.

221.2.1.3 Other Boxes. In boxes other than those required to comply with 221.2.1.2, the total

number of wheelchair spaces required shall be determined in accordance with Table 221.2.1.1.

Wheelchair spaces shall be located in not less than 20 percent of all boxes provided. Wheelchair

spaces shall comply with 802.1.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 221.2.1.3 Other Boxes. The provision for seating in “other boxes” includes box seating

provided in facilities such as performing arts auditoria where tiered boxes are designed for spatial and

acoustical purposes. The number of wheelchair spaces required in boxes covered by 221.2.1.3 is

calculated based on the total number of seats provided in these other boxes. The resulting number of

wheelchair spaces must be located in no fewer than 20% of the boxes covered by this section. For

example, a concert hall has 20 boxes, each of which contains 10 seats, totaling 200 seats. In this

example, 5 wheelchair spaces would be required, and they must be placed in at least 4 of the boxes.

Additionally, because the wheelchair spaces must also meet the dispersion requirements of 221.2.3,

the boxes containing these wheelchair spaces cannot all be located in one area unless an exception

to the dispersion requirements applies.

221.2.1.4 Team or Player Seating. At least one wheelchair space complying with 802.1 shall be

provided in team or player seating areas serving areas of sport activity.

EXCEPTION: Wheelchair spaces shall not be required in team or player seating areas serving

bowling lanes not required to comply with 206.2.11.

221.2.2 Integration. Wheelchair spaces shall be an integral part of the seating plan.

Advisory 221.2.2 Integration. The requirement that wheelchair spaces be an “integral part of the

seating plan” means that wheelchair spaces must be placed within the footprint of the seating area.

Wheelchair spaces cannot be segregated from seating areas. For example, it would be unacceptable

to place only the wheelchair spaces, or only the wheelchair spaces and their associated companion

seats, outside the seating areas defined by risers in an assembly area.

221.2.3 Lines of Sight and Dispersion. Wheelchair spaces shall provide lines of sight complying

with 802.2 and shall comply with 221.2.3. In providing lines of sight, wheelchair spaces shall be

dispersed. Wheelchair spaces shall provide spectators with choices of seating locations and viewing

angles that are substantially equivalent to, or better than, the choices of seating locations and viewing

angles available to all other spectators. When the number of wheelchair spaces required by 221.2.1

has been met, further dispersion shall not be required.

EXCEPTION: Wheelchair spaces in team or player seating areas serving areas of sport activity

shall not be required to comply with 221.2.3.

Advisory 221.2.3 Lines of Sight and Dispersion. Individuals who use wheelchairs must be

provided equal access so that their experience is substantially equivalent to that of other members of

the audience. Thus, while individuals who use wheelchairs need not be provided with the best seats

in the house, neither may they be relegated to the worst.

221.2.3.1 Horizontal Dispersion. Wheelchair spaces shall be dispersed horizontally.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Horizontal dispersion shall not be required in assembly areas with 300 or fewer seats if the

companion seats required by 221.3 and wheelchair spaces are located within the 2nd or 3rd

quartile of the total row length. Intermediate aisles shall be included in determining the total row

length. If the row length in the 2nd and 3rd quartile of a row is insufficient to accommodate the

required number of companion seats and wheelchair spaces, the additional companion seats and

wheelchair spaces shall be permitted to be located in the 1st and 4th quartile of the row.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

2. In row seating, two wheelchair spaces shall be permitted to be located side-by-side.

Advisory 221.2.3.1 Horizontal Dispersion. Horizontal dispersion of wheelchair spaces is the

placement of spaces in an assembly facility seating area from side-to-side or, in the case of an arena

or stadium, around the field of play or performance area.

221.2.3.2 Vertical Dispersion. Wheelchair spaces shall be dispersed vertically at varying distances

from the screen, performance area, or playing field. In addition, wheelchair spaces shall be located in

each balcony or mezzanine that is located on an accessible route.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Vertical dispersion shall not be required in assembly areas with 300 or fewer seats if the

wheelchair spaces provide viewing angles that are equivalent to, or better than, the average

viewing angle provided in the facility.

2. In bleachers, wheelchair spaces shall not be required to be provided in rows other than rows at

points of entry to bleacher seating.

Advisory 221.2.3.2 Vertical Dispersion. When wheelchair spaces are dispersed vertically in an

assembly facility they are placed at different locations within the seating area from front-to-back so

that the distance from the screen, stage, playing field, area of sports activity, or other focal point is

varied among wheelchair spaces.

Advisory 221.2.3.2 Vertical Dispersion Exception 2. Points of entry to bleacher seating may

include, but are not limited to, cross aisles, concourses, vomitories, and entrance ramps and stairs.

Vertical, center, or side aisles adjoining bleacher seating that are stepped or tiered are not considered

entry points.

221.3 Companion Seats. At least one companion seat complying with 802.3 shall be provided for

each wheelchair space required by 221.2.1.

221.4 Designated Aisle Seats. At least 5 percent of the total number of aisle seats provided shall

comply with 802.4 and shall be the aisle seats located closest to accessible routes.

EXCEPTION: Team or player seating areas serving areas of sport activity shall not be required to

comply with 221.4.

Advisory 221.4 Designated Aisle Seats. When selecting which aisle seats will meet the

requirements of 802.4, those aisle seats which are closest to, not necessarily on, accessible routes

must be selected first. For example, an assembly area has two aisles (A and B) serving seating areas

with an accessible route connecting to the top and bottom of Aisle A only. The aisle seats chosen to

meet 802.4 must be those at the top and bottom of Aisle A, working toward the middle. Only when all

seats on Aisle A would not meet the five percent minimum would seats on Aisle B be designated.

221.5 Lawn Seating. Lawn seating areas and exterior overflow seating areas, where fixed seats are

not provided, shall connect to an accessible route.

222 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms

222.1 General. Where dressing rooms, fitting rooms, or locker rooms are provided, at least 5 percent,

but no fewer than one, of each type of use in each cluster provided shall comply with 803.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

EXCEPTION: In alterations, where it is technically infeasible to provide rooms in accordance with

222.1, one room for each sex on each level shall comply with 803. Where only unisex rooms are

provided, unisex rooms shall be permitted.

Advisory 222.1 General. A “cluster” is a group of rooms proximate to one another. Generally, rooms

in a cluster are within sight of, or adjacent to, one another. Different styles of design provide users

varying levels of privacy and convenience. Some designs include private changing facilities that are

close to core areas of the facility, while other designs use space more economically and provide only

group dressing facilities. Regardless of the type of facility, dressing, fitting, and locker rooms should

provide people with disabilities rooms that are equally private and convenient to those provided

others. For example, in a physician’s office, if people without disabilities must traverse the full length

of the office suite in clothing other than their street clothes, it is acceptable for people with disabilities

to be asked to do the same.

222.2 Coat Hooks and Shelves. Where coat hooks or shelves are provided in dressing, fitting or

locker rooms without individual compartments, at least one of each type shall comply with 803.5.

Where coat hooks or shelves are provided in individual compartments at least one of each type

complying with 803.5 shall be provided in individual compartments in dressing, fitting, or locker rooms

required to comply with 222.1.

223 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities

223.1 General. In licensed medical care facilities and licensed long-term care facilities where the

period of stay exceeds twenty-four hours, patient or resident sleeping rooms shall be provided in

accordance with 223.

Medical care facilities shall comply with the provisions applicable to medical care facilities, including,

but not limited to, sections 223 and 805. In addition, medical care facilities that do not specialize in the treatment of conditions that affect mobility shall disperse the accessible patient bedrooms

required by section 223.2.1 in a manner that is proportionate by type of medical specialty.

EXCEPTION: Toilet rooms that are part of critical or intensive care patient sleeping rooms shall not

be required to comply with 603.

Advisory 223.1 General. Because medical facilities frequently reconfigure spaces to reflect changes

in medical specialties, Section 223.1 does not include a provision for dispersion of accessible patient

or resident sleeping rooms. The lack of a design requirement does not mean that covered entities are

not required to provide services to people with disabilities where accessible rooms are not dispersed

in specialty areas. Locate accessible rooms near core areas that are less likely to change over time.

While dispersion is not required, the flexibility it provides can be a critical factor in ensuring cost

effective compliance with applicable civil rights laws, including titles II and III of the ADA and Section

504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended. Additionally, all types of features and amenities

should be dispersed among accessible sleeping rooms to ensure equal access to and a variety of

choices for all patients and residents.

223.1.1 Alterations. Where sleeping rooms are altered or added, the requirements of 223 shall apply

only to the sleeping rooms being altered or added until the number of sleeping rooms complies with

the minimum number required for new construction.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 223.1.1 Alterations. In alterations and additions, the minimum required number is based

on the total number of sleeping rooms altered or added instead of on the total number of sleeping

rooms provided in a facility. As a facility is altered over time, every effort should be made to disperse

accessible sleeping rooms among patient care areas such as pediatrics, cardiac care, maternity, and

other units. In this way, people with disabilities can have access to the full-range of services provided

by a medical care facility.

223.2 Hospitals, Rehabilitation Facilities, Psychiatric Facilities and Detoxification Facilities.

Hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, psychiatric facilities and detoxification facilities shall comply with

223.2.

223.2.1 Facilities Not Specializing in Treating Conditions That Affect Mobility. In facilities not

specializing in treating conditions that affect mobility, at least 10 percent, but no fewer than one, of

the patient sleeping rooms shall provide mobility features complying with 805.

223.2.2 Facilities Specializing in Treating Conditions That Affect Mobility. In facilities

specializing in treating conditions that affect mobility, 100 percent of the patient sleeping rooms shall

provide mobility features complying with 805.

Advisory 223.2.2 Facilities Specializing in Treating Conditions That Affect Mobility. Conditions

that affect mobility include conditions requiring the use or assistance of a brace, cane, crutch,

prosthetic device, wheelchair, or powered mobility aid; arthritic, neurological, or orthopedic conditions

that severely limit one’s ability to walk; respiratory diseases and other conditions which may require

the use of portable oxygen; and cardiac conditions that impose significant functional limitations.

Facilities that may provide treatment for, but that do not specialize in treatment of such conditions,

such as general rehabilitation hospitals, are not subject to this requirement but are subject to Section

223.2.1.

223.3 Long-Term Care Facilities. In licensed long-term care facilities, at least 50 percent, but no

fewer than one, of each type of resident sleeping room shall provide mobility features complying with

805.

224 Transient Lodging Facilities and Guest Rooms

224.1 General. Transient lodging facilities shall provide guest rooms in accordance with 224. Places

of lodging and housing at a place of education shall comply with the provisions applicable to transient

lodging, including, but not limited to, the requirements for transient lodging guest rooms in sections

224 and 806.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Facilities with Residential Units and Transient Lodging Units. Residential dwelling units that

are designed, constructed, and utilized exclusively for residential use are not subject to the

transient lodging standards.

2. Social Service Center Establishments. Group homes, halfway houses, shelters, or similar

social service establishments that provide either temporary sleeping accommodations or residential

dwelling units that are subject to these standards shall comply with the provisions applicable to

residential facilities, including but not limited to, the provisions in sections 233 and 809.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 224.1 General. Certain facilities used for transient lodging, including time shares,

dormitories, and town homes may be covered by both these requirements and the Fair Housing

Amendments Act. The Fair Housing Amendments Act requires that certain residential structures

having four or more multi-family dwelling units, regardless of whether they are privately owned or

federally assisted, include certain features of accessible and adaptable design according to

guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). This law

and the appropriate regulations should be consulted before proceeding with the design and

construction of residential housing.

224.1.1 Alterations. Where guest rooms are altered or added, the requirements of 224 shall apply only to the guest rooms being altered or added until the number of guest rooms complies with the

minimum number required for new construction.

EXCEPTION: Alterations to guest rooms in places of lodging where the guest rooms are not owned

or substantially controlled by the entity that owns, leases, or operates the overall facility and the

physical features of the guest room interiors are controlled by their individual owners are not

required to comply with the alterations requirements in section 224.1.1.

Advisory 224.1.1 Alterations. In alterations and additions, the minimum required number of

accessible guest rooms is based on the total number of guest rooms altered or added instead of the

total number of guest rooms provided in a facility. Typically, each alteration of a facility is limited to a

particular portion of the facility. When accessible guest rooms are added as a result of subsequent

alterations, compliance with 224.5 (Dispersion) is more likely to be achieved if all of the accessible

guest rooms are not provided in the same area of the facility.

224.1.2 Guest Room Doors and Doorways. Entrances, doors, and doorways providing user

passage into and within guest rooms that are not required to provide mobility features complying with

806.2 shall comply with 404.2.3.

EXCEPTION: Shower and sauna doors in guest rooms that are not required to provide mobility

features complying with 806.2 shall not be required to comply with 404.2.3.

Advisory 224.1.2 Guest Room Doors and Doorways. Because of the social interaction that often

occurs in lodging facilities, an accessible clear opening width is required for doors and doorways to

and within all guest rooms, including those not required to be accessible. This applies to all doors,

including bathroom doors that allow full user passage. Other requirements for doors and doorways in

Section 404 do not apply to guest rooms not required to provide mobility features.

224.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features. In transient lodging facilities, guest rooms with mobility

features complying with 806.2 shall be provided in accordance with Table 224.2.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Facilities on a common site that each have 50 or fewer guest rooms may be combined for the

purposes of determining the required number of accessible rooms and type of accessible bathing

facility in accordance with table 224.2 to section 224.2.

2. Facilities with more than 50 guest rooms shall be treated separately for the purposes of

determining the required number of accessible rooms and type of accessible bathing facility in

accordance with table 224.2 to section 224.2.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Table 224.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features

Minimum

Minimum

Total Number of

Number of Required

Number of Required

Total Number of

Guest Rooms

Rooms Without

Rooms With

Required Rooms

Provided

Roll-In Showers

Roll-In Showers

1 to 25

1

0

1

26 to 50

2

0

2

51 to 75

3

1

4

76 to 100

4

1

5

101 to 150

5

2

7

151 to 200

6

2

8

201 to 300

7

3

10

301 to 400

8

4

12

401 to 500

9

4

13

501 to 1000

2 percent of total

1 percent of total

3 percent of total

20, plus 1 for each

10, plus 1 for each

30, plus 2 for each

1001 and over

100, or fraction thereof, 100, or fraction thereof,

100, or fraction thereof,

over 1000

over 1000

over 1000

224.3 Beds. In guest rooms having more than 25 beds, 5 percent minimum of the beds shall have

clear floor space complying with 806.2.3

224.4 Guest Rooms with Communication Features. In transient lodging facilities, guest rooms with

communication features complying with 806.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table 224.4.

Table 224.4 Guest Rooms with Communication Features

Total Number of

Minimum Number of Required Guest Rooms

Guest Rooms Provided

With Communication Features

2 to 25

2

26 to 50

4

51 to 75

7

76 to 100

9

101 to 150

12

151 to 200

14

201 to 300

17

301 to 400

20

401 to 500

22

501 to 1000

5 percent of total

1001 and over

50, plus 3 for each 100 over 1000

224.5 Dispersion. Guest rooms required to provide mobility features complying with 806.2 and guest

rooms required to provide communication features complying with 806.3 shall be dispersed among

the various classes of guest rooms, and shall provide choices of types of guest rooms, number of

beds, and other amenities comparable to the choices provided to other guests. Where the minimum

number of guest rooms required to comply with 806 is not sufficient to allow for complete dispersion,

guest rooms shall be dispersed in the following priority: guest room type, number of beds, and

amenities. At least one guest room required to provide mobility features complying with 806.2 shall

also provide communication features complying with 806.3. Not more than 10 percent of guest rooms

required to provide mobility features complying with 806.2 shall be used to satisfy the minimum

number of guest rooms required to provide communication features complying with 806.3.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 224.5 Dispersion. Factors to be considered in providing an equivalent range of options

may include, but are not limited to, room size, bed size, cost, view, bathroom fixtures such as hot tubs

and spas, smoking and nonsmoking, and the number of rooms provided.

224.6 Housing at a Place of Education. Housing at a place of education shall comply with the

provisions applicable to transient lodging, including, but not limited to, the requirements for transient

lodging guest rooms in sections 224 and 806, s ubject to the following exceptions. For the purposes of the application of this section, the term “sleeping room” is intended to be used interchangeably with

the term “guest room” as it is used in the transient lodging standards.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Kitchens within housing units containing accessible sleeping rooms with mobility features

(including suites and clustered sleeping rooms) or on floors containing accessible sleeping rooms

with mobility features shall provide turning spaces that comply with section 809.2.2 and kitchen work surfaces that comply with section 804.3.

2. Multi-bedroom housing units containing accessible sleeping rooms with mobility features shall

have an accessible route throughout the unit in accordance with section 809.2.

3. Apartments or townhouse facilities that are provided by or on behalf of a place of education,

which are leased on a year-round basis exclusively to graduate students or faculty and do not

contain any public use or common use areas available for educational programming, are not

subject to the transient lodging standards and shall comply with the requirements for residential

facilities in sections 233 and 809.

225 Storage

225.1 General. Storage facilities shall comply with 225.

225.2 Storage. Where storage is provided in accessible spaces, at least one of each type shall

comply with 811.

Advisory 225.2 Storage. Types of storage include, but are not limited to, closets, cabinets, shelves,

clothes rods, hooks, and drawers. Where provided, at least one of each type of storage must be

within the reach ranges specified in 308; however, it is permissible to install additional storage outside

the reach ranges.

225.2.1 Lockers. Where lockers are provided, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one of each type,

shall comply with 811.

Advisory 225.2.1 Lockers. Different types of lockers may include full-size and half-size lockers, as

well as those specifically designed for storage of various sports equipment.

225.2.2 Self-Service Shelving. Self-service shelves shall be located on an accessible route

complying with 402. Self-service shelving shall not be required to comply with 308.

Advisory 225.2.2 Self-Service Shelving. Self-service shelves include, but are not limited to, library,

store, or post office shelves.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

225.3 Self-Service Storage Facilities. Self-service storage facilities shall provide individual self-

service storage spaces complying with these requirements in accordance with Table 225.3.

Table 225.3 Self-Service Storage Facilities

Total Spaces

Minimum Number of Spaces

in Facility

Required to be Accessible

1 to 200

5 percent, but no fewer than 1

201 and over

10, plus 2 percent of total number of units over 200

Advisory 225.3 Self-Service Storage Facilities. Although there are no technical requirements that

are unique to self-service storage facilities, elements and spaces provided in facilities containing self-

service storage spaces required to comply with these requirements must comply with this document

where applicable. For example: the number of storage spaces required to comply with these

requirements must provide Accessible Routes complying with Section 206; Accessible Means of

Egress complying with Section 207; Parking Spaces complying with Section 208; and, where

provided, other public use or common use elements and facilities such as toilet rooms, drinking

fountains, and telephones must comply with the applicable requirements of this document.

225.3.1 Dispersion. Individual self-service storage spaces shall be dispersed throughout the various

classes of spaces provided. Where more classes of spaces are provided than the number required to

be accessible, the number of spaces shall not be required to exceed that required by Table 225.3.

Self-service storage spaces complying with Table 225.3 shall not be required to be dispersed among

buildings in a multi-building facility.

226 Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces

226.1 General. Where dining surfaces are provided for the consumption of food or drink, at least 5

percent of the seating spaces and standing spaces at the dining surfaces shall comply with 902. In

addition, where work surfaces are provided for use by other than employees, at least 5 percent shall

comply with 902.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Sales counters and service counters shall not be required to comply with 902.

2. Check writing surfaces provided at check-out aisles not required to comply with 904.3 shall not

be required to comply with 902.

Advisory 226.1 General. In facilities covered by the ADA, this requirement does not apply to work

surfaces used only by employees. However, employers should consider work surfaces that are

flexible and permit installation at variable heights and clearances.

226.2 Dispersion. Dining surfaces and work surfaces required to comply with 902 shall be dispersed

throughout the space or facility containing dining surfaces and work surfaces.

227 Sales and Service

227.1 General. Where provided, check-out aisles, sales counters, service counters, food service

lines, queues, and waiting lines shall comply with 227 and 904.

227.2 Check-Out Aisles. Where check-out aisles are provided, check-out aisles complying with

904.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table 227.2. Where check-out aisles serve different

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

functions, check-out aisles complying with 904.3 shall be provided in accordance with Table 227.2 for

each function. Where check-out aisles are dispersed throughout the building or facility, check-out

aisles complying with 904.3 shall be dispersed.

EXCEPTION: Where the selling space is under 5000 square feet (465 m2) no more than one

check-out aisle complying with 904.3 shall be required.

Table 227.2 Check-Out Aisles

Number of Check-Out Aisles

Minimum Number of Check-Out Aisles of

of Each Function

Each Function Required to Comply with 904.3

1 to 4

1

5 to 8

2

9 to 15

3

16 and over

3, plus 20 percent of additional aisles

227.2.1 Altered Check-Out Aisles. Where check-out aisles are altered, at least one of each check-

out aisle serving each function shall comply with 904.3 until the number of check-out aisles complies

with 227.2.

227.3 Counters. Where provided, at least one of each type of sales counter and service counter shall

comply with 904.4. Where counters are dispersed throughout the building or facility, counters

complying with 904.4 also shall be dispersed.

Advisory 227.3 Counters. Types of counters that provide different services in the same facility

include, but are not limited to, order, pick-up, express, and returns. One continuous counter can be

used to provide different types of service. For example, order and pick-up are different services. It

would not be acceptable to provide access only to the part of the counter where orders are taken

when orders are picked-up at a different location on the same counter. Both the order and pick-up

section of the counter must be accessible.

227.4 Food Service Lines. Food service lines shall comply with 904.5. Where self-service shelves

are provided, at least 50 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type provided shall comply with 308.

227.5 Queues and Waiting Lines. Queues and waiting lines servicing counters or check-out aisles

required to comply with 904.3 or 904.4 shall comply with 403.

228 Depositories, Vending Machines, Change Machines, Mail Boxes, and Fuel Dispensers

228.1 General. Where provided, at least one of each type of depository, vending machine, change

machine, and fuel dispenser shall comply with 309.

EXCEPTION: Drive-up only depositories shall not be required to comply with 309.

Advisory 228.1 General. Depositories include, but are not limited to, night receptacles in banks, post

offices, video stores, and libraries.

228.2 Mail Boxes. Where mail boxes are provided in an interior location, at least 5 percent, but no

fewer than one, of each type shall comply with 309. In residential facilities, where mail boxes are

provided for each residential dwelling unit, mail boxes complying with 309 shall be provided for each

residential dwelling unit required to provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4.

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229 Windows

229.1 General. Where glazed openings are provided in accessible rooms or spaces for operation by

occupants, at least one opening shall comply with 309. Each glazed opening required by an

administrative authority to be operable shall comply with 309.

EXCEPTION:

1. Glazed openings in residential dwelling units required to comply with 809 shall not be required to

comply with 229.

2. Glazed openings in guest rooms required to provide communication features and in guest rooms

required to comply with 206.5.3 shall not be required to comply with 229.

230 Two-Way Communication Systems

230.1 General. Where a two-way communication system is provided to gain admittance to a building

or facility or to restricted areas within a building or facility, the system shall comply with 708.

Advisory 230.1 General. This requirement applies to facilities such as office buildings, courthouses,

and other facilities where admittance to the building or restricted spaces is dependent on two-way

communication systems.

231 Judicial Facilities

231.1 General. Judicial facilities shall comply with 231.

231.2 Courtrooms. Each courtroom shall comply with 808.

231.3 Holding Cells. Where provided, central holding cells and court-floor holding cells shall comply

with 231.3.

231.3.1 Central Holding Cells. Where separate central holding cells are provided for adult male,

juvenile male, adult female, or juvenile female, one of each type shall comply with 807.2. Where

central holding cells are provided and are not separated by age or sex, at least one cell complying

with 807.2 shall be provided.

231.3.2 Court-Floor Holding Cells. Where separate court-floor holding cells are provided for adult

male, juvenile male, adult female, or juvenile female, each courtroom shall be served by one cell of

each type complying with 807.2. Where court-floor holding cells are provided and are not separated

by age or sex, courtrooms shall be served by at least one cell complying with 807.2. Cells may serve

more than one courtroom.

231.4 Visiting Areas. Visiting areas shall comply with 231.4.

231.4.1 Cubicles and Counters. At least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of cubicles shall comply

with 902 on both the visitor and detainee sides. Where counters are provided, at least one shall

comply with 904.4.2 on both the visitor and detainee sides.

EXCEPTION: The detainee side of cubicles or counters at non-contact visiting areas not serving

holding cells required to comply with 231 shall not be required to comply with 902 or 904.4.2.

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231.4.2 Partitions. Where solid partitions or security glazing separate visitors from detainees at least

one of each type of cubicle or counter partition shall comply with 904.6.

232 Detention Facilities and Correctional Facilities

232.1 General. Buildings, facilities, or portions thereof, in which people are detained for penal or

correction purposes, or in which the liberty of the inmates is restricted for security reasons shall

comply with 232.

Advisory 232.1 General. Detention facilities include, but are not limited to, jails, detention centers,

and holding cells in police stations. Correctional facilities include, but are not limited to, prisons,

reformatories, and correctional centers.

232.2 General Holding Cells and General Housing Cells. General holding cells and general

housing cells shall be provided in accordance with 232.2.

EXCEPTION: Alterations to cells shall not be required to comply except to the extent determined by

the Department in accordance with the variance procedures contained in Chapter 68, Texas

Administrative Code.

Advisory 232.2 General Holding Cells and General Housing Cells. Accessible cells or rooms

should be dispersed among different levels of security, housing categories, and holding classifications

(e.g., male/female and adult/juvenile) to facilitate access. Many detention and correctional facilities

are designed so that certain areas (e.g., “shift” areas) can be adapted to serve as different types of

housing according to need. For example, a shift area serving as a medium-security housing unit

might be redesignated for a period of time as a high-security housing unit to meet capacity needs.

Placement of accessible cells or rooms in shift areas may allow additional flexibility in meeting

requirements for dispersion of accessible cells or rooms.

232.2.1 Cells with Mobility Features. At least 2 percent, but no fewer than one, of the total number

of cells in a facility shall provide mobility features complying with 807.2.

232.2.1.1 Beds. In cells having more than 25 beds, at least 5 percent of the beds shall have clear

floor space complying with 807.2.3.

232.2.2 Cells with Communication Features. At least 2 percent, but no fewer than one, of the total

number of general holding cells and general housing cells equipped with audible emergency alarm

systems and permanently installed telephones within the cell shall provide communication features

complying with 807.3.

232.3 Special Holding Cells and Special Housing Cells. Where special holding cells or special

housing cells are provided, at least one cell serving each purpose shall provide mobility features

complying with 807.2. Cells subject to this requirement include, but are not limited to, those used for

purposes of orientation, protective custody, administrative or disciplinary detention or segregation,

detoxification, and medical isolation.

EXCEPTION: Alterations to cells shall not be required to comply except to the extent determined by

the U. S. Attorney General.

232.4 Medical Care Facilities. Patient bedrooms or cells required to comply with 223 shall be

provided in addition to any medical isolation cells required to comply with 232.3.

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232.5 Visiting Areas. Visiting areas shall comply with 232.5.

232.5.1 Cubicles and Counters. At least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of cubicles shall comply

with 902 on both the visitor and detainee sides. Where counters are provided, at least one shall

comply with 904.4.2 on both the visitor and detainee or inmate sides.

EXCEPTION: The inmate or detainee side of cubicles or counters at non-contact visiting areas not

serving holding cells or housing cells required to comply with 232 shall not be required to comply

with 902 or 904.4.2.

232.5.2 Partitions. Where solid partitions or security glazing separate visitors from detainees or

inmates at least one of each type of cubicle or counter partition shall comply with 904.6.

233 Residential Facilities

233.1 General. Group homes, halfway houses, shelters, or similar social service center

establishments that provide either temporary sleeping accommodations or residential dwelling units

that are subject to these standards shall comply with the provisions applicable to residential facilities,

including, but not limited to, the provisions in sections 233 and 809.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In sleeping rooms with more than 25 beds covered by this part, a minimum of 5% of the beds

shall have clear floor space complying with section 806.2.3.

2. Facilities with more than 50 beds covered by this part that provide common use bathing facilities

shall provide at least one roll-in shower with a seat that complies with the relevant provisions of

section 608. Transfer-type showers are not permitted in lieu of a roll-in shower with a seat, and the

exceptions in sections 608.3 and 608.4 for residential dwelling units are not permitted. When separate shower facilities are provided for men and for women, at least one roll-in shower shall be

provided for each group.

Advisory 233.1 General. Section 233 outlines the requirements for residential facilities subject to

Texas Government Code, Chapter 469. The facilities covered by Section 233, as well as other

facilities not covered by this section, may still be subject to Federal laws such as the Fair Housing Act

and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended. For example, the Fair Housing Act

requires certain residential structures having four or more multi-family dwelling units, regardless of

whether they are privately owned or federally assisted, include certain features of accessible and

adaptable design according to guidelines established by the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban

Development (HUD). These laws and the appropriate regulations should be consulted before

proceeding with the design and construction of residential facilities.

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Advisory 233.1 General (Continued). Section 233 is not a stand-alone section; this section only

addresses the minimum number of residential dwelling units within a facility required to comply with

Chapter 8. However, residential facilities must also comply with the requirements of this document.

For example: Section 206.5.4 requires all doors and doorways providing user passage in residential

dwelling units providing mobility features to comply with Section 404; Section 206.7.6 permits

platform lifts to be used to connect levels within residential dwelling units providing mobility features;

Section 208 provides general scoping for accessible parking and Section 208.2.3.1 specifies the

required number of accessible parking spaces for each residential dwelling unit providing mobility

features; Section 228.2 requires mail boxes to be within reach ranges when they serve residential

dwelling units providing mobility features; play areas are addressed in Section 240; and swimming

pools are addressed in Section 242. There are special provisions applicable to facilities containing

residential dwelling units at: Exception 3 to 202.3; Exception to 202.4; 203.8; and Exception 4 to

206.2.3

233.2 Residential Dwelling Units Provided by Entities Subject to HUD Section 504 Regulations.

Where facilities with residential dwelling units are provided by entities subject to regulations issued by

the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) under Section 504 of the

Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, such entities shall comply with applicable HUD regulations in

lieu of complying with these standards issued under Texas Government Code, Chapter 469.

Advisory 233.2 Residential Dwelling Units Provided by Entities Subject to HUD Section 504

Regulations. Section 233.2 defers to HUD the specification of criteria by which the technical

requirements of this document will apply. Entities subject to HUD 504 regulations should contact the

U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development for guidance.

233.3 Residential Dwelling Units Provided by Entities Not Subject to HUD Section 504

Regulations. Facilities with residential dwelling units provided by entities not subject to regulations

issued by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) under Section 504 of the

Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, shall comply with 233.3.

233.3.1 Minimum Number: New Construction. Newly constructed facilities with residential dwelling

units shall comply with 233.3.1.

EXCEPTION: Where facilities contain 15 or fewer residential dwelling units, the requirements of

233.3.1.1 and 233.3.1.2 shall apply to the total number of residential dwelling units that are

constructed under a single contract, or are developed as a whole, whether or not located on a

common site.

233.3.1.1 Residential Dwelling Units with Mobility Features. In facilities with residential dwelling

units, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one unit, of the total number of residential dwelling units

shall provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4 and shall be on an accessible route as required by 206.

233.3.1.2 Residential Dwelling Units with Communication Features. In facilities with residential

dwelling units, at least 2 percent, but no fewer than one unit, of the total number of residential

dwelling units shall provide communication features complying with 809.5.

233.3.2 Residential Dwelling Units for Sale. (RESERVED)

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233.3.3 Additions. Where an addition to an existing building results in an increase in the number of

residential dwelling units, the requirements of 233.3.1 shall apply only to the residential dwelling units

that are added until the total number of residential dwelling units complies with the minimum number

required by 233.3.1. Residential dwelling units required to comply with 233.3.1.1 shall be on an

accessible route as required by 206.

233.3.4 Alterations. Alterations shall comply with 233.3.4.

EXCEPTION: Where compliance with 809.2, 809.3, or 809.4 is technically infeasible, or where it is technically infeasible to provide an accessible route to a residential dwelling unit, the entity shall be

permitted to alter or construct a comparable residential dwelling unit to comply with 809.2 through

809.4 provided that the minimum number of residential dwelling units required by 233.3.1.1 and

233.3.1.2, as applicable, is satisfied.

Advisory 233.3.4 Alterations Exception. A substituted dwelling unit must be comparable to the

dwelling unit that is not made accessible. Factors to be considered in comparing one dwelling unit to

another should include the number of bedrooms; amenities provided within the dwelling unit; types of

common spaces provided within the facility; and location with respect to community resources and

services, such as public transportation and civic, recreational, and mercantile facilities.

233.3.4.1 Alterations to Vacated Buildings. Where a building is vacated for the purposes of

alteration, and the altered building contains more than 15 residential dwelling units, at least 5 percent

of the residential dwelling units shall comply with 809.2 through 809.4 and shall be on an accessible route as required by 206. In addition, at least 2 percent of the residential dwelling units shall comply

with 809.5.

Advisory 233.3.4.1 Alterations to Vacated Buildings. This provision is intended to apply where a

building is vacated with the intent to alter the building. Buildings that are vacated solely for pest

control or asbestos removal are not subject to the requirements to provide residential dwelling units

with mobility features or communication features.

233.3.4.2 Alterations to Individual Residential Dwelling Units. In individual residential dwelling

units, where a bathroom or a kitchen is substantially altered, and at least one other room is altered,

the requirements of 233.3.1 shall apply to the altered residential dwelling units until the total number

of residential dwelling units complies with the minimum number required by 233.3.1.1 and 233.3.1.2.

Residential dwelling units required to comply with 233.3.1.1 shall be on an accessible route as

required by 206.

EXCEPTION: Where facilities contain 15 or fewer residential dwelling units, the requirements of

233.3.1.1 and 233.3.1.2 shall apply to the total number of residential dwelling units that are altered

under a single contract, or are developed as a whole, whether or not located on a common site.

Advisory 233.3.4.2 Alterations to Individual Residential Dwelling Units. Section 233.3.4.2 uses

the terms “substantially altered” and “altered.” A substantial alteration to a kitchen or bathroom

includes, but is not limited to, alterations that are changes to or rearrangements in the plan

configuration, or replacement of cabinetry. Substantial alterations do not include normal maintenance

or appliance and fixture replacement, unless such maintenance or replacement requires changes to

or rearrangements in the plan configuration, or replacement of cabinetry. The term “alteration” is

defined in Section 106 of these requirements.

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233.3.5 Dispersion. Residential dwelling units required to provide mobility features complying with

809.2 through 809.4 and residential dwelling units required to provide communication features complying with 809.5 shall be dispersed among the various types of residential dwelling units in the

facility and shall provide choices of residential dwelling units comparable to, and integrated with,

those available to other residents.

EXCEPTION: Where multi-story residential dwelling units are one of the types of residential

dwelling units provided, one-story residential dwelling units shall be permitted as a substitute for

multi-story residential dwelling units where equivalent spaces and amenities are provided in the

one-story residential dwelling unit.

234 Amusement Rides

234.1 General. Amusement rides shall comply with 234.

EXCEPTION: Mobile or portable amusement rides shall not be required to comply with 234.

Advisory 234.1 General. These requirements apply generally to newly designed and constructed

amusement rides and attractions. A custom designed and constructed ride is new upon its first use,

which is the first time amusement park patrons take the ride. With respect to amusement rides

purchased from other entities, new refers to the first permanent installation of the ride, whether it is

used off the shelf or modified before it is installed. Where amusement rides are moved after several

seasons to another area of the park or to another park, the ride would not be considered newly

designed or newly constructed.

Some amusement rides and attractions that have unique designs and features are not addressed by

these requirements. In those situations, these requirements are to be applied to the extent possible.

An example of an amusement ride not specifically addressed by these requirements includes “virtual

reality” rides where the device does not move through a fixed course within a defined area. An

accessible route must be provided to these rides. Where an attraction or ride has unique features for

which there are no applicable scoping provisions, then a reasonable number, but at least one, of the

features must be located on an accessible route. Where there are appropriate technical provisions,

they must be applied to the elements that are covered by the scoping provisions.

Advisory 234.1 General Exception. Mobile or temporary rides are those set up for short periods of

time such as traveling carnivals, State and county fairs, and festivals. The amusement rides that are

covered by 234.1 are ones that are not regularly assembled and disassembled.

234.2 Load and Unload Areas. Load and unload areas serving amusement rides shall comply with

1002.3.

234.3 Minimum Number. Amusement rides shall provide at least one wheelchair space complying

with 1002.4, or at least one amusement ride seat designed for transfer complying with 1002.5, or at

least one transfer device complying with 1002.6.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Amusement rides that are controlled or operated by the rider shall not be required to comply with

234.3.

2. Amusement rides designed primarily for children, where children are assisted on and off the ride

by an adult, shall not be required to comply with 234.3.

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3. Amusement rides that do not provide amusement ride seats shall not be required to comply with

234.3.

Advisory 234.3 Minimum Number Exceptions 1 through 3. Amusement rides controlled or

operated by the rider, designed for children, or rides without ride seats are not required to comply with

234.3. These rides are not exempt from the other provisions in 234 requiring an accessible route to

the load and unload areas and to the ride. The exception does not apply to those rides where patrons

may cause the ride to make incidental movements, but where the patron otherwise has no control

over the ride.

Advisory 234.3 Minimum Number Exception 2. The exception is limited to those rides designed

“primarily” for children, where children are assisted on and off the ride by an adult. This exception is

limited to those rides designed for children and not for the occasional adult user. An accessible route

to and turning space in the load and unload area will provide access for adults and family members

assisting children on and off these rides.

234.4 Existing Amusement Rides. Where existing amusement rides are altered, the alteration shall

comply with 234.4.

Advisory 234.4 Existing Amusement Rides. Routine maintenance, painting, and changing of

theme boards are examples of activities that do not constitute an alteration subject to this section.

234.4.1 Load and Unload Areas. Where load and unload areas serving existing amusement rides

are newly designed and constructed, the load and unload areas shall comply with 1002.3.

234.4.2 Minimum Number. Where the structural or operational characteristics of an amusement ride

are altered to the extent that the amusement ride’s performance differs from that specified by the

manufacturer or the original design, the amusement ride shall comply with 234.3.

235 Recreational Boating Facilities

235.1 General. Recreational boating facilities shall comply with 235.

235.2 Boat Slips. Boat slips complying with 1003.3.1 shall be provided in accordance with Table

235.2. Where the number of boat slips is not identified, each 40 feet (12 m) of boat slip edge provided

along the perimeter of the pier shall be counted as one boat slip for the purpose of this section.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Table 235.2 Boat Slips

Total Number of Boat Slips

Minimum Number of Required

Provided in Facility

Accessible Boat Slips

1 to 25

1

26 to 50

2

51 to 100

3

101 to 150

4

151 to 300

5

301 to 400

6

401 to 500

7

501 to 600

8

601 to 700

9

701 to 800

10

801 to 900

11

901 to 1000

12

1001 and over

12, plus 1 for every 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000

Advisory 235.2 Boat Slips. The requirement for boat slips also applies to piers where boat slips are

not demarcated. For example, a single pier 25 feet (7620 mm) long and 5 feet (1525 mm) wide (the

minimum width specified by Section 1003.3) allows boats to moor on three sides. Because the

number of boat slips is not demarcated, the total length of boat slip edge (55 feet, 17 m) must be

used to determine the number of boat slips provided (two). This number is based on the specification

in Section 235.2 that each 40 feet (12 m) of boat slip edge, or fraction thereof, counts as one boat

slip. In this example, Table 235.2 would require one boat slip to be accessible.

235.2.1 Dispersion. Boat slips complying with 1003.3.1 shall be dispersed throughout the various

types of boat slips provided. Where the minimum number of boat slips required to comply with

1003.3.1 has been met, no further dispersion shall be required.

Advisory 235.2.1 Dispersion. Types of boat slips are based on the size of the boat slips; whether

single berths or double berths, shallow water or deep water, transient or longer-term lease, covered

or uncovered; and whether slips are equipped with features such as telephone, water, electricity or

cable connections. The term “boat slip” is intended to cover any pier area other than launch ramp

boarding piers where recreational boats are moored for purposes of berthing, embarking, or

disembarking. For example, a fuel pier may contain boat slips, and this type of short term slip would

be included in determining compliance with 235.2.

235.3 Boarding Piers at Boat Launch Ramps. Where boarding piers are provided at boat launch

ramps, at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of the boarding piers shall comply with 1003.3.2.

236 Exercise Machines and Equipment

236.1 General. At least one of each type of exercise machine and equipment shall comply with 1004.

Advisory 236.1 General. Most strength training equipment and machines are considered different

types. Where operators provide a biceps curl machine and cable-cross-over machine, both machines

are required to meet the provisions in this section, even though an individual may be able to work on

their biceps through both types of equipment.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 236.1 General (Continued). Similarly, there are many types of cardiovascular exercise

machines, such as stationary bicycles, rowing machines, stair climbers, and treadmills. Each machine

provides a cardiovascular exercise and is considered a different type for purposes of these

requirements

237 Fishing Piers and Platforms

237.1 General. Fishing piers and platforms shall comply with 1005.

238 Golf Facilities

238.1 General. Golf facilities shall comply with 238.

238.2 Golf Courses. Golf courses shall comply with 238.2.

238.2.1 Teeing Grounds. Where one teeing ground is provided for a hole, the teeing ground shall be

designed and constructed so that a golf car can enter and exit the teeing ground. Where two teeing

grounds are provided for a hole, the forward teeing ground shall be designed and constructed so that

a golf car can enter and exit the teeing ground. Where three or more teeing grounds are provided for

a hole, at least two teeing grounds, including the forward teeing ground, shall be designed and

constructed so that a golf car can enter and exit each teeing ground.

EXCEPTION: In existing golf courses, the forward teeing ground shall not be required to be one of

the teeing grounds on a hole designed and constructed so that a golf car can enter and exit the

teeing ground where compliance is not feasible due to terrain.

238.2.2 Putting Greens. Putting greens shall be designed and constructed so that a golf car can

enter and exit the putting green.

238.2.3 Weather Shelters. Where provided, weather shelters shall be designed and constructed so

that a golf car can enter and exit the weather shelter and shall comply with 1006.4.

238.3 Practice Putting Greens, Practice Teeing Grounds, and Teeing Stations at Driving

Ranges. At least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of practice putting greens, practice teeing

grounds, and teeing stations at driving ranges shall be designed and constructed so that a golf car

can enter and exit the practice putting greens, practice teeing grounds, and teeing stations at driving

ranges.

239 Miniature Golf Facilities

239.1 General. Miniature golf facilities shall comply with 239.

239.2 Minimum Number. At least 50 percent of holes on miniature golf courses shall comply with

1007.3.

Advisory 239.2 Minimum Number. Where possible, providing access to all holes on a miniature golf

course is recommended. If a course is designed with the minimum 50 percent accessible holes,

designers or operators are encouraged to select holes which provide for an equivalent experience to

the maximum extent possible.

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239.3 Miniature Golf Course Configuration. Miniature golf courses shall be configured so that the

holes complying with 1007.3 are consecutive. Miniature golf courses shall provide an accessible route

from the last hole complying with 1007.3 to the course entrance or exit without requiring travel

through any other holes on the course.

EXCEPTION: One break in the sequence of consecutive holes shall be permitted provided that the

last hole on the miniature golf course is the last hole in the sequence.

Advisory 239.3 Miniature Golf Course Configuration. Where only the minimum 50 percent of the

holes are accessible, an accessible route from the last accessible hole to the course exit or entrance

must not require travel back through other holes. In some cases, this may require an additional

accessible route. Other options include increasing the number of accessible holes in a way that limits

the distance needed to connect the last accessible hole with the course exit or entrance.

240 Play Areas

240.1 General. Play areas for children ages 2 and over shall comply with 240. Where separate play

areas are provided within a site for specific age groups, each play area shall comply with 240.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Play areas located in family child care facilities where the proprietor actually resides shall not be

required to comply with 240.

2. In existing play areas, where play components are relocated for the purposes of creating safe

use zones and the ground surface is not altered or extended for more than one use zone, the play

area shall not be required to comply with 240.

3. Amusement attractions shall not be required to comply with 240.

4. Where play components are altered and the ground surface is not altered, the ground surface

shall not be required to comply with 1008.2.6 unless required by 202.4.

Advisory 240.1 General. Play areas may be located on exterior sites or within a building. Where

separate play areas are provided within a site for children in specified age groups (e.g., preschool

(ages 2 to 5) and school age (ages 5 to 12)), each play area must comply with this section. Where

play areas are provided for the same age group on a site but are geographically separated (e.g., one

is located next to a picnic area and another is located next to a softball field), they are considered

separate play areas and each play area must comply with this section.

240.1.1 Additions. Where play areas are designed and constructed in phases, the requirements of

240 shall apply to each successive addition so that when the addition is completed, the entire play

area complies with all the applicable requirements of 240.

Advisory 240.1.1 Additions. These requirements are to be applied so that when each successive

addition is completed, the entire play area complies with all applicable provisions. For example, a play

area is built in two phases. In the first phase, there are 10 elevated play components and 10 elevated

play components are added in the second phase for a total of 20 elevated play components in the

play area. When the first phase was completed, at least 5 elevated play components, including at

least 3 different types, were to be provided on an accessible route. When the second phase is

completed, at least 10 elevated play components must be located on an accessible route, and at

least 7 ground level play components, including 4 different types, must be provided on an accessible

route.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 240.1.1 Additions (Continued). At the time the second phase is complete, ramps must be

used to connect at least 5 of the elevated play components and transfer systems are permitted to be

used to connect the rest of the elevated play components required to be located on an accessible

route.

240.2 Play Components. Where provided, play components shall comply with 240.2.

240.2.1 Ground Level Play Components. Ground level play components shall be provided in the

number and types required by 240.2.1. Ground level play components that are provided to comply

with 240.2.1.1 shall be permitted to satisfy the additional number required by 240.2.1.2 if the

minimum required types of play components are satisfied. Where two or more required ground level

play components are provided, they shall be dispersed throughout the play area and integrated with

other play components.

Advisory 240.2.1 Ground Level Play Components. Examples of ground level play components

may include spring rockers, swings, diggers, and stand-alone slides. When distinguishing between

the different types of ground level play components, consider the general experience provided by the

play component. Examples of different types of experiences include, but are not limited to, rocking,

swinging, climbing, spinning, and sliding. A spiral slide may provide a slightly different experience

from a straight slide, but sliding is the general experience and therefore a spiral slide is not

considered a different type of play component from a straight slide.

Ground level play components accessed by children with disabilities must be integrated into the play

area. Designers should consider the optimal layout of ground level play components accessed by

children with disabilities to foster interaction and socialization among all children. Grouping all ground

level play components accessed by children with disabilities in one location is not considered

integrated.

Advisory 240.2.1 Ground Level Play Components (Continued). Where a stand-alone slide is

provided, an accessible route must connect the base of the stairs at the entry point to the exit point of

the slide. A ramp or transfer system to the top of the slide is not required. Where a sand box is

provided, an accessible route must connect to the border of the sand box. Accessibility to the sand

box would be enhanced by providing a transfer system into the sand or by providing a raised sand

table with knee clearance complying with 1008.4.3.

Ramps are preferred over transfer systems since not all children who use wheelchairs or other

mobility devices may be able to use, or may choose not to use, transfer systems. Where ramps

connect elevated play components, the maximum rise of any ramp run is limited to 12 inches (305

mm). Where possible, designers and operators are encouraged to provide ramps with a slope less

than the 1:12 maximum. Berms or sculpted dirt may be used to provide elevation and may be part of

an accessible route to composite play structures.

Platform lifts are permitted as a part of an accessible route. Because lifts must be independently

operable, operators should carefully consider the appropriateness of their use in unsupervised

settings.

240.2.1.1 Minimum Number and Types. Where ground level play components are provided, at least

one of each type shall be on an accessible route and shall comply with 1008.4.

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240.2.1.2 Additional Number and Types. Where elevated play components are provided, ground

level play components shall be provided in accordance with Table 240.2.1.2 and shall comply with

1008.4.

EXCEPTION: If at least 50 percent of the elevated play components are connected by a ramp and

at least 3 of the elevated play components connected by the ramp are different types of play

components, the play area shall not be required to comply with 240.2.1.2.

Table 240.2.1.2 Number and Types of Ground Level Play Components

Required to be on Accessible Routes

Minimum Number of Ground

Minimum Number of Different

Number of Elevated Play

Level Play Components

Types of Ground Level Play

Components Provided

Required to be on an

Components Required to be

Accessible Route

on an Accessible Route

1

Not applicable

Not applicable

2 to 4

1

1

5 to 7

2

2

8 to 10

3

3

11 to 13

4

3

14 to 16

5

3

17 to 19

6

3

20 to 22

7

4

23 to 25

8

4

8, plus 1 for each additional 3,

26 and over

5

or fraction thereof, over 25

Advisory 240.2.1.2 Additional Number and Types. Where a large play area includes two or more

composite play structures designed for the same age group, the total number of elevated play

components on all the composite play structures must be added to determine the additional number

and types of ground level play components that must be provided on an accessible route.

240.2.2 Elevated Play Components. Where elevated play components are provided, at least 50

percent shall be on an accessible route and shall comply with 1008.4.

Advisory 240.2.2 Elevated Play Components. A double or triple slide that is part of a composite

play structure is one elevated play component. For purposes of this section, ramps, transfer systems,

steps, decks, and roofs are not considered elevated play components. Although socialization and

pretend play can occur on these elements, they are not primarily intended for play.

Some play components that are attached to a composite play structure can be approached or exited

at the ground level or above grade from a platform or deck. For example, a climber attached to a

composite play structure can be approached or exited at the ground level or above grade from a

platform or deck on a composite play structure.

Play components that are attached to a composite play structure and can be approached from a

platform or deck (e.g., climbers and overhead play components) are considered elevated play

components. These play components are not considered ground level play components and do not

count toward the requirements in 240.2.1.2 regarding the number of ground level play components

that must be located on an accessible route.

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241 Saunas and Steam Rooms

241 General. Where provided, saunas and steam rooms shall comply with 612.

EXCEPTION: Where saunas or steam rooms are clustered at a single location, no more than 5

percent of the saunas and steam rooms, but no fewer than one, of each type in each cluster shall

be required to comply with 612.

242 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas

242.1 General. Swimming pools, wading pools, and spas shall comply with 242.

242.2 Swimming Pools. At least two accessible means of entry shall be provided for swimming

pools. Accessible means of entry shall be swimming pool lifts complying with 1009.2; sloped entries

complying with 1009.3; transfer walls complying with 1009.4; transfer systems complying with 1009.5;

and pool stairs complying with 1009.6. At least one accessible means of entry provided shall comply

with 1009.2 or 1009.3.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where a swimming pool has less than 300 linear feet (91 m) of swimming pool wall, no more

than one accessible means of entry shall be required provided that the accessible means of entry is

a swimming pool lift complying with 1009.2 or sloped entry complying with 1009.3.

2. Wave action pools, leisure rivers, sand bottom pools, and other pools where user access is

limited to one area shall not be required to provide more than one accessible means of entry

provided that the accessible means of entry is a swimming pool lift complying with 1009.2, a sloped

entry complying with 1009.3, or a transfer system complying with 1009.5.

3. Catch pools shall not be required to provide an accessible means of entry provided that the catch

pool edge is on an accessible route.

Advisory 242.2 Swimming Pools. Where more than one means of access is provided into the

water, it is recommended that the means be different. Providing different means of access will better

serve the varying needs of people with disabilities in getting into and out of a swimming pool. It is also

recommended that where two or more means of access are provided, they not be provided in the

same location in the pool. Different locations will provide increased options for entry and exit,

especially in larger pools.

Advisory 242.2 Swimming Pools Exception 1. Pool walls at diving areas and areas along pool

walls where there is no pool entry because of landscaping or adjacent structures are to be counted

when determining the number of accessible means of entry required.

242.3 Wading Pools. At least one accessible means of entry shall be provided for wading pools.

Accessible means of entry shall comply with sloped entries complying with 1009.3.

242.4 Spas. At least one accessible means of entry shall be provided for spas. Accessible means of

entry shall comply with swimming pool lifts complying with1009.2; transfer walls complying with

1009.4; or transfer systems complying with 1009.5.

EXCEPTION: Where spas are provided in a cluster, no more than 5 percent, but no fewer than one,

spa in each cluster shall be required to comply with 242.4.

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243 Shooting Facilities with Firing Positions

243.1 General. Where shooting facilities with firing positions are designed and constructed at a site,

at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type of firing position shall comply with 1010.

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CHAPTER 3: BUILDING BLOCKS

301 General

301.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 3 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

302 Floor or Ground Surfaces

302.1 General. Floor and ground surfaces shall be stable, firm, and slip resistant and shall comply

with 302.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Within animal containment areas, floor and ground surfaces shall not be required to be stable,

firm, and slip resistant.

2. Areas of sport activity shall not be required to comply with 302.

Advisory 302.1 General. A stable surface is one that remains unchanged by contaminants or applied

force, so that when the contaminant or force is removed, the surface returns to its original condition. A

firm surface resists deformation by either indentations or particles moving on its surface. A slip-

resistant surface provides sufficient frictional counterforce to the forces exerted in walking to permit

safe ambulation.

302.2 Carpet. Carpet or carpet tile shall be securely attached and shall have a firm cushion, pad, or

backing or no cushion or pad. Carpet or carpet tile shall have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile,

or level cut/uncut pile texture. Pile height shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) maximum. Exposed edges of

carpet shall be fastened to floor surfaces and shall have trim on the entire length of the exposed

edge. Carpet edge trim shall comply with 303.

Advisory 302.2 Carpet. Carpets and permanently affixed mats can significantly increase the amount

of force (roll resistance) needed to propel a wheelchair over a surface. The firmer the carpeting and

backing, the lower the roll resistance. A pile thickness up to 1/2 inch (13 mm) (measured to the

backing, cushion, or pad) is allowed, although a lower pile provides easier wheelchair maneuvering. If

a backing, cushion or pad is used, it must be firm. Preferably, carpet pad should not be used because

the soft padding increases roll resistance.

Figure 302.2 Carpet Pile Height

302.3 Openings. Openings in floor or ground surfaces shall not allow passage of a sphere more than

1/2 inch (13 mm) diameter except as allowed in 407.4.3, 409.4.3, 410.4, 810.5.3 and 810.10.

Elongated openings shall be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular to the dominant

direction of travel.

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Figure 302.3 Elongated Openings in Floor or Ground Surfaces

303 Changes in Level

303.1 General. Where changes in level are permitted in floor or ground surfaces, they shall comply

with 303.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Animal containment areas shall not be required to comply with 303.

2. Areas of sport activity shall not be required to comply with 303.

303.2 Vertical. Changes in level of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) high maximum shall be permitted to be vertical.

Figure 303.2 Vertical Change in Level

303.3 Beveled. Changes in level between 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) high minimum and 1/2 inch (13 mm)

high maximum shall be beveled with a slope not steeper than 1:2.

Advisory 303.3 Beveled. A change in level of 1/2 inch (13 mm) is permitted to be 1/4 inch (6.4 mm)

vertical plus 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) beveled. However, in no case may the combined change in level

exceed 1/2 inch (13 mm). Changes in level exceeding 1/2 inch (13 mm) must comply with 405

(Ramps) or 406 (Curb Ramps).

Figure 303.3 Beveled Change in Level

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303.4 Ramps. Changes in level greater than 1/2 inch (13 mm) high shall be ramped, and shall

comply with 405 or 406.

304 Turning Space

304.1 General. Turning space shall comply with 304.

304.2 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of a turning space shall comply with 302.

Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

Advisory 304.2 Floor or Ground Surface Exception. As used in this section, the phrase “changes

in level” refers to surfaces with slopes and to surfaces with abrupt rise exceeding that permitted in

Section 303.3. Such changes in level are prohibited in required clear floor and ground spaces, turning

spaces, and in similar spaces where people using wheelchairs and other mobility devices must park

their mobility aids such as in wheelchair spaces, or maneuver to use elements such as at doors,

fixtures, and telephones. The exception permits slopes not steeper than 1:48.

304.3 Size. Turning space shall comply with 304.3.1 or 304.3.2.

304.3.1 Circular Space. The turning space shall be a space of 60 inches (1525 mm) diameter

minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with 306.

304.3.2 T-Shaped Space. The turning space shall be a T-shaped space within a 60 inch (1525 mm)

square minimum with arms and base 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum. Each arm of the T shall be

clear of obstructions 12 inches (305 mm) minimum in each direction and the base shall be clear of

obstructions 24 inches (610 mm) minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe

clearance complying with 306 only at the end of either the base or one arm.

Figure 304.3.2 T-Shaped Turning Space

304.4 Door Swing. Doors shall be permitted to swing into turning spaces.

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305 Clear Floor or Ground Space

305.1 General. Clear floor or ground space shall comply with 305.

305.2 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of a clear floor or ground space shall

comply with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

305.3 Size. The clear floor or ground space shall be 30 inches (760 mm) minimum by 48 inches

(1220 mm) minimum.

Figure 305.3 Clear Floor or Ground Space

305.4 Knee and Toe Clearance. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be

permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with 306.

305.5 Position. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be positioned for either

forward or parallel approach to an element.

Figure 305.5 Position of Clear Floor or Ground Space

305.6 Approach. One full unobstructed side of the clear floor or ground space shall adjoin an

accessible route or adjoin another clear floor or ground space.

305.7 Maneuvering Clearance. Where a clear floor or ground space is located in an alcove or

otherwise confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearance shall be provided in

accordance with 305.7.1 and 305.7.2.

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305.7.1 Forward Approach. Alcoves shall be 36 inches (915 mm)wide minimum where the depth

exceeds 24 inches (610 mm).

Figure 305.7.1 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Forward Approach

305.7.2 Parallel Approach. Alcoves shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum where the depth

exceeds 15 inches (380 mm).

Figure 305.7.2 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Parallel Approach

306 Knee and Toe Clearance

306.1 General. Where space beneath an element is included as part of clear floor or ground space or

turning space, the space shall comply with 306. Additional space shall not be prohibited beneath an

element but shall not be considered as part of the clear floor or ground space or turning space.

Advisory 306.1 General. Clearances are measured in relation to the usable clear floor space, not

necessarily to the vertical support for an element. When determining clearance under an object for

required turning or maneuvering space, care should be taken to ensure the space is clear of any

obstructions.

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306.2 Toe Clearance.

306.2.1 General. Space under an element between the finish floor or ground and 9 inches (230 mm)

above the finish floor or ground shall be considered toe clearance and shall comply with 306.2.

306.2.2 Maximum Depth. Toe clearance shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an

element.

306.2.3 Minimum Required Depth. Where toe clearance is required at an element as part of a clear

floor space, the toe clearance shall extend 17 inches (430 mm) minimum under the element.

306.2.4 Additional Clearance. Space extending greater than 6 inches (150 mm) beyond the

available knee clearance at 9 inches (230 mm) above the finish floor or ground shall not be

considered toe clearance.

306.2.5 Width. Toe clearance shall be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum.

Figure 306.2 Toe Clearance

306.3 Knee Clearance.

306.3.1 General. Space under an element between 9 inches (230 mm) and 27 inches (685 mm)

above the finish floor or ground shall be considered knee clearance and shall comply with 306.3.

306.3.2 Maximum Depth. Knee clearance shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an

element at 9 inches (230 mm) above the finish floor or ground.

306.3.3 Minimum Required Depth. Where knee clearance is required under an element as part of a

clear floor space, the knee clearance shall be 11 inches (280 mm) deep minimum at 9 inches (230

mm) above the finish floor or ground, and 8 inches (205 mm) deep minimum at 27 inches (685 mm)

above the finish floor or ground.

306.3.4 Clearance Reduction. Between 9 inches (230 mm) and 27 inches (685 mm) above the finish

floor or ground, the knee clearance shall be permitted to reduce at a rate of 1 inch (25 mm) in depth

for each 6 inches (150 mm) in height.

306.3.5 Width. Knee clearance shall be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum.

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Figure 306.3 Knee Clearance

307 Protruding Objects

307.1 General. Protruding objects shall comply with 307.

307.2 Protrusion Limits. Objects with leading edges more than 27 inches (685 mm) and not more

than 80 inches (2030 mm) above the finish floor or ground shall protrude 4 inches (100 mm)

maximum horizontally into the circulation path.

EXCEPTION: Handrails shall be permitted to protrude 4 1/2 inches (115 mm) maximum.

Advisory 307.2 Protrusion Limits. When a cane is used and the element is in the detectable range,

it gives a person sufficient time to detect the element with the cane before there is body contact.

Elements located on circulation paths, including operable elements, must comply with requirements

for protruding objects. For example, awnings and their supporting structures cannot reduce the

minimum required vertical clearance. Similarly, casement windows, when open, cannot encroach

more than 4 inches (100 mm) into circulation paths above 27 inches (685 mm).

Figure 307.2 Limits of Protruding Objects

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307.3 Post-Mounted Objects. Free-standing objects mounted on posts or pylons shall overhang

circulation paths 12 inches (305 mm) maximum when located 27 inches (685 mm) minimum and 80

inches (2030 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Where a sign or other obstruction is

mounted between posts or pylons and the clear distance between the posts or pylons is greater than

12 inches (305 mm), the lowest edge of such sign or obstruction shall be 27 inches (685 mm)

maximum or 80 inches (2030 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground.

EXCEPTION: The sloping portions of handrails serving stairs and ramps shall not be required to

comply with 307.3.

Figure 307.3 Post-Mounted Protruding Objects

307.4 Vertical Clearance. Vertical clearance shall be 80 inches (2030 mm) high minimum.

Guardrails or other barriers shall be provided where the vertical clearance is less than 80 inches

(2030 mm) high. The leading edge of such guardrail or barrier shall be located 27 inches (685 mm)

maximum above the finish floor or ground.

EXCEPTION: Door closers and door stops shall be permitted to be 78 inches (1980 mm) minimum

above the finish floor or ground.

Figure 307.4 Vertical Clearance

307.5 Required Clear Width. Protruding objects shall not reduce the clear width required for

accessible routes.

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308 Reach Ranges

308.1 General. Reach ranges shall comply with 308.

Advisory 308.1 General. The following table provides guidance on reach ranges for children

according to age where building elements such as coat hooks, lockers, or operable parts are

designed for use primarily by children. These dimensions apply to either forward or side reaches.

Accessible elements and operable parts designed for adult use or children over age 12 can be

located outside these ranges but must be within the adult reach ranges required by 308.

Children’s Reach Ranges

Forward or Side Reach

Ages 3 and 4

Ages 5 through 8

Ages 9 through 12

High (maximum)

36 in (915 mm)

40 in (1015 mm)

44 in (1120 mm)

Low (minimum)

20 in (510 mm)

18 in (455 mm)

16 in (405 mm)

308.2 Forward Reach.

308.2.1 Unobstructed. Where a forward reach is unobstructed, the high forward reach shall be 48

inches (1220 mm) maximum and the low forward reach shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum above

the finish floor or ground.

Figure 308.2.1 Unobstructed Forward Reach

308.2.2 Obstructed High Reach. Where a high forward reach is over an obstruction, the clear floor

space shall extend beneath the element for a distance not less than the required reach depth over the

obstruction. The high forward reach shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum where the reach depth is

20 inches (510 mm) maximum. Where the reach depth exceeds 20 inches (510 mm), the high

forward reach shall be 44 inches (1120 mm) maximum and the reach depth shall be 25 inches (635

mm) maximum.

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Figure 308.2.2 Obstructed High Forward Reach

308.3 Side Reach.

308.3.1 Unobstructed. Where a clear floor or ground space allows a parallel approach to an element

and the side reach is unobstructed, the high side reach shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum and

the low side reach shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. An obstruction shall be permitted between the clear floor or ground space and the element where

the depth of the obstruction is 10 inches (255 mm) maximum.

2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum

measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing

curbs.

Figure 308.3.1 Unobstructed Side Reach

308.3.2 Obstructed High Reach. Where a clear floor or ground space allows a parallel approach to

an element and the high side reach is over an obstruction, the height of the obstruction shall be 34

inches (865 mm) maximum and the depth of the obstruction shall be 24 inches (610 mm) maximum.

The high side reach shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 10 inches (255 mm)

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maximum. Where the reach depth exceeds 10 inches (255 mm), the high side reach shall be 46

inches (1170 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. The top of washing machines and clothes dryers shall be permitted to be 36 inches (915 mm)

maximum above the finish floor.

2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum

measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing

curbs.

Figure 308.3.2 Obstructed High Side Reach

309 Operable Parts

309.1 General. Operable parts shall comply with 309.

309.2 Clear Floor Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be provided.

309.3 Height. Operable parts shall be placed within one or more of the reach ranges specified in 308.

309.4 Operation. Operable parts shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping,

pinching, or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate operable parts shall be 5 pounds (22.2

N) maximum.

EXCEPTION: Gas pump nozzles shall not be required to provide operable parts that have an

activating force of 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

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CHAPTER 4: ACCESSIBLE ROUTES

401 General

401.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 4 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

402 Accessible Routes

402.1 General. Accessible routes shall comply with 402.

402.2 Components. Accessible routes shall consist of one or more of the following components:

walking surfaces with a running slope not steeper than 1:20, doorways, ramps, curb ramps excluding

the flared sides, elevators, and platform lifts. All components of an accessible route shall comply with

the applicable requirements of Chapter 4.

Advisory 402.2 Components. Walking surfaces must have running slopes not steeper than 1:20,

see 403.3. Other components of accessible routes, such as ramps (405) and curb ramps (406), are

permitted to be more steeply sloped.

403 Walking Surfaces

403.1 General. Walking surfaces that are a part of an accessible route shall comply with 403.

403.2 Floor or Ground Surface. Floor or ground surfaces shall comply with 302.

403.3 Slope. The running slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:20. The cross slope

of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:48.

403.4 Changes in Level. Changes in level shall comply with 303.

403.5 Clearances. Walking surfaces shall provide clearances complying with 403.5.

EXCEPTION: Within employee work areas, clearances on common use circulation paths shall be

permitted to be decreased by work area equipment provided that the decrease is essential to the

function of the work being performed.

403.5.1 Clear Width. Except as provided in 403.5.2 and 403.5.3, the clear width of walking surfaces

shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: The clear width shall be permitted to be reduced to 32 inches (815 mm) minimum for

a length of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum provided that reduced width segments are separated by

segments that are 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum.

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Figure 403.5.1 Clear Width of an Accessible Route

403.5.2 Clear Width at Turn. Where the accessible route makes a 180 degree turn around an

element which is less than 48 inches (1220 mm) wide, clear width shall be 42 inches (1065 mm)

minimum approaching the turn, 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum at the turn and 42 inches (1065 mm)

minimum leaving the turn.

EXCEPTION: Where the clear width at the turn is 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum compliance with

403.5.2 shall not be required.

Figure 403.5.2 Clear Width at Turn

403.5.3 Passing Spaces. An accessible route with a clear width less than 60 inches (1525 mm) shall

provide passing spaces at intervals of 200 feet (61 m) maximum. Passing spaces shall be either: a

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space 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum; or, an intersection of two

walking surfaces providing a T-shaped space complying with 304.3.2 where the base and arms of the

T-shaped space extend 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum beyond the intersection.

403.6 Handrails. Where handrails are provided along walking surfaces with running slopes not

steeper than 1:20 they shall comply with 505.

Advisory 403.6 Handrails. Handrails provided in elevator cabs and platform lifts are not required to

comply with the requirements for handrails on walking surfaces.

404 Doors, Doorways, and Gates

404.1 General. Doors, doorways, and gates that are part of an accessible route shall comply with

404.

EXCEPTION: Doors, doorways, and gates designed to be operated only by security personnel shall

not be required to comply with 404.2.7, 404.2.8, 404.2.9, 404.3.2 and 404.3.4 through 404.3.7.

Advisory 404.1 General Exception. Security personnel must have sole control of doors that are

eligible for the Exception at 404.1. It would not be acceptable for security personnel to operate the

doors for people with disabilities while allowing others to have independent access.

404.2 Manual Doors, Doorways, and Manual Gates. Manual doors and doorways and manual

gates intended for user passage shall comply with 404.2.

404.2.1 Revolving Doors, Gates, and Turnstiles. Revolving doors, revolving gates, and turnstiles

shall not be part of an accessible route.

404.2.2 Double-Leaf Doors and Gates. At least one of the active leaves of doorways with two

leaves shall comply with 404.2.3 and 404.2.4.

404.2.3 Clear Width. Door openings shall provide a clear width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

Clear openings of doorways with swinging doors shall be measured between the face of the door and

the stop, with the door open 90 degrees. Openings more than 24 inches (610 mm) deep shall provide

a clear opening of 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. There shall be no projections into the required clear

opening width lower than 34 inches (865 mm) above the finish floor or ground. Projections into the

clear opening width between 34 inches (865 mm) and 80 inches (2030 mm) above the finish floor or

ground shall not exceed 4 inches (100 mm).

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In alterations, a projection of 5/8 inch (16 mm) maximum into the required clear width shall be

permitted for the latch side stop.

2. Door closers and door stops shall be permitted to be 78 inches (1980 mm) minimum above the

finish floor or ground.

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Figure 404.2.3 Clear Width of Doorways

404.2.4 Maneuvering Clearances. Minimum maneuvering clearances at doors and gates shall

comply with 404.2.4. Maneuvering clearances shall extend the full width of the doorway and the

required latch side or hinge side clearance.

EXCEPTION: Entry doors to hospital patient rooms shall not be required to provide the clearance

beyond the latch side of the door.

404.2.4.1 Swinging Doors and Gates. Swinging doors and gates shall have maneuvering

clearances complying with Table 404.2.4.1.

Table 404.2.4.1 Maneuvering Clearances at Manual Swinging Doors and Gates

Type of Use

Minimum Maneuvering Clearance

Parallel

Perpendicular

Approach Direction

Door or Gate Side

to Doorway (beyond

to Doorway

latch side unless noted)

From front

Pull

60 inches (1525 mm)

18 inches (455 mm)

From front

Push

48 inches (1220 mm)

0 inches (0 mm)¹

From hinge side

Pull

60 inches (1525 mm)

36 inches (915 mm)

From hinge side

Pull

54 inches (1370 mm)

42 inches (1065 mm)

From hinge side

Push

42 inches (1065 mm)²

22 inches (560 mm)ᶟ

From latch side

Pull

48 inches (1220 mm) 4

24 inches (610 mm)

From latch side

Push

42 inches (1065 mm) 4

24 inches (610 mm)

1. Add 12 inches (305 mm) if closer and latch are provided.

2. Add 6 inches (150 mm) if closer and latch are provided.

3. Beyond hinge side.

4. Add 6 inches (150 mm) if closer is provided.

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Figure 404.2.4.1 Maneuvering Clearances at Manual Swinging Doors and Gates

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Figure 404.2.4.1 Maneuvering Clearances at Manual Swinging Doors and Gates (Continued)

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404.2.4.2 Doorways without Doors or Gates, Sliding Doors, and Folding Doors. Doorways less

than 36 inches (915 mm) wide without doors or gates, sliding doors, or folding doors shall have

maneuvering clearances complying with Table 404.2.4.2.

Table 404.2.4.2 Maneuvering Clearances at Doorways without Doors or Gates,

Manual Sliding Doors, and Manual Folding Doors

Minimum Maneuvering Clearance

Perpendicular

Parallel to Doorway (beyond

Approach Direction

to Doorway

stop / latch side unless noted)

From Front

48 inches (1220 mm)

0 inches (0 mm)

From side¹

42 inches (1065 mm)

0 inches (0 mm)

From pocket / hinge side

42 inches (1065 mm)

22 inches (560 mm)²

From stop / latch side

42 inches (1065 mm)

24 inches (610 mm)

1. Doorway with no door only.

2. Beyond pocket/hinge side.

Figure 404.2.4.2 Maneuvering Clearances at Doorways Without Doors,

Sliding Doors, Gates, and Folding Doors

404.2.4.3 Recessed Doors and Gates. Maneuvering clearances for forward approach shall be

provided when any obstruction within 18 inches (455 mm) of the latch side of a doorway projects

more than 8 inches (205 mm) beyond the face of the door, measured perpendicular to the face of the

door or gate.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 404.2.4.3 Recessed Doors and Gates. A door can be recessed due to wall thickness or

because of the placement of casework and other fixed elements adjacent to the doorway. This

provision must be applied wherever doors are recessed.

Figure 404.2.4.3 Maneuvering Clearances at Recessed Doors and Gates

404.2.4.4 Floor or Ground Surface. Floor or ground surface within required maneuvering clearances

shall comply with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

2. Changes in level at thresholds complying with 404.2.5 shall be permitted.

404.2.5 Thresholds. Thresholds, if provided at doorways, shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) high maximum.

Raised thresholds and changes in level at doorways shall comply with 302 and 303.

EXCEPTION: Existing or altered thresholds 3/4 inch (19 mm) high maximum that have a beveled

edge on each side with a slope not steeper than 1:2 shall not be required to comply with 404.2.5.

404.2.6 Doors in Series and Gates in Series. The distance between two hinged or pivoted doors in

series and gates in series shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum plus the width of doors or gates

swinging into the space.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 404.2.6 Doors in Series and Gates in Series

404.2.7 Door and Gate Hardware. Handles, pulls, latches, locks, and other operable parts on doors

and gates shall comply with 309.4. Operable parts of such hardware shall be 34 inches (865 mm)

minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Where sliding doors

are in the fully open position, operating hardware shall be exposed and usable from both sides.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Existing locks shall be permitted in any location at existing glazed doors without stiles, existing

overhead rolling doors or grilles, and similar existing doors or grilles that are designed with locks

that are activated only at the top or bottom rail.

2. Access gates in barrier walls and fences protecting pools, spas, and hot tubs shall be permitted

to have operable parts of the release of latch on self-latching devices at 54 inches (1370 mm)

maximum above the finish floor or ground provided the self-latching devices are not also self-

locking devices and operated by means of a key, electronic opener, or integral combination lock.

Advisory 404.2.7 Door and Gate Hardware. Door hardware that can be operated with a closed fist

or a loose grip accommodates the greatest range of users. Hardware that requires simultaneous

hand and finger movements require greater dexterity and coordination, and is not recommended.

404.2.8 Closing Speed. Door and gate closing speed shall comply with 404.2.8.

404.2.8.1 Door Closers and Gate Closers. Door closers and gate closers shall be adjusted so that

from an open position of 90 degrees, the time required to move the door to a position of 12 degrees

from the latch is 5 seconds minimum.

404.2.8.2 Spring Hinges. Door and gate spring hinges shall be adjusted so that from the open

position of 70 degrees, the door or gate shall move to the closed position in 1.5 seconds minimum.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

404.2.9 Door and Gate Opening Force. Fire doors shall have a minimum opening force allowable by

the appropriate administrative authority. The force for pushing or pulling open a door or gate other

than fire doors shall be as follows:

1. Interior hinged doors and gates: 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

2. Sliding or folding doors: 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch bolts or disengage other devices that

hold the door or gate in a closed position.

Advisory 404.2.9 Door and Gate Opening Force. The maximum force pertains to the continuous

application of force necessary to fully open a door, not the initial force needed to overcome the inertia

of the door. It does not apply to the force required to retract bolts or to disengage other devices used

to keep the door in a closed position.

404.2.10 Door and Gate Surfaces. Swinging door and gate surfaces within 10 inches (255 mm) of

the finish floor or ground measured vertically shall have a smooth surface on the push side extending

the full width of the door or gate. Parts creating horizontal or vertical joints in these surfaces shall be

within 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of the same plane as the other. Cavities created by added kick plates shall

be capped.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Sliding doors shall not be required to comply with 404.2.10.

2. Tempered glass doors without stiles and having a bottom rail or shoe with the top leading edge

tapered at 60 degrees minimum from the horizontal shall not be required to meet the 10 inch (255

mm) bottom smooth surface height requirement.

3. Doors and gates that do not extend to within 10 inches (255 mm) of the finish floor or ground

shall not be required to comply with 404.2.10.

4. Existing doors and gates without smooth surfaces within 10 inches (255 mm) of the finish floor or

ground shall not be required to provide smooth surfaces complying with 404.2.10 provided that if

added kick plates are installed, cavities created by such kick plates are capped.

404.2.11 Vision Lights. Doors, gates, and side lights adjacent to doors or gates, containing one or

more glazing panels that permit viewing through the panels shall have the bottom of at least one

glazed panel located 43 inches (1090 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

EXCEPTION: Vision lights with the lowest part more than 66 inches (1675 mm) from the finish floor

or ground shall not be required to comply with 404.2.11.

404.3 Automatic and Power-Assisted Doors and Gates. Automatic doors and automatic gates

shall comply with 404.3. Full-powered automatic doors shall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.10

(incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). Low-energy and power-

assisted doors shall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.19 (1997 or 2002 edition) (incorporated by

reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1).

404.3.1 Clear Width. Doorways shall provide a clear opening of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum in

power-on and power-off mode. The minimum clear width for automatic door systems in a doorway

shall be based on the clear opening provided by all leaves in the open position.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

404.3.2 Maneuvering Clearance. Clearances at power-assisted doors and gates shall comply with

404.2.4. Clearances at automatic doors and gates without standby power and serving an accessible

means of egress shall comply with 404.2.4.

EXCEPTION: Where automatic doors and gates remain open in the power-off condition,

compliance with 404.2.4 shall not be required.

404.3.3 Thresholds. Thresholds and changes in level at doorways shall comply with 404.2.5.

404.3.4 Doors in Series and Gates in Series. Doors in series and gates in series shall comply with

404.2.6.

404.3.5 Controls. Manually operated controls shall comply with 309. The clear floor space adjacent

to the control shall be located beyond the arc of the door swing.

404.3.6 Break Out Opening. Where doors and gates without standby power are a part of a means of

egress, the clear break out opening at swinging or sliding doors and gates shall be 32 inches (815

mm) minimum when operated in emergency mode.

EXCEPTION: Where manual swinging doors and gates comply with 404.2 and serve the same

means of egress compliance with 404.3.6 shall not be required.

404.3.7 Revolving Doors, Revolving Gates, and Turnstiles. Revolving doors, revolving gates, and

turnstiles shall not be part of an accessible route.

405 Ramps

405.1 General. Ramps on accessible routes shall comply with 405.

EXCEPTION: In assembly areas, aisle ramps adjacent to seating and not serving elements

required to be on an accessible route shall not be required to comply with 405.

405.2 Slope. Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12.

EXCEPTION: In existing sites, buildings, and facilities, ramps shall be permitted to have running

slopes steeper than 1:12 complying with Table 405.2 where such slopes are necessary due to

space limitations.

Table 405.2 Maximum Ramp Slope and Rise for Existing Sites, Buildings, and Facilities

Slope¹

Maximum Rise

Steeper than 1:10 but not steeper than 1:8

3 inches (75 mm)

Steeper than 1:12 but not steeper than 1:10

6 inches (150 mm)

1. A slope steeper than 1:8 is prohibited.

Advisory 405.2 Slope. To accommodate the widest range of users, provide ramps with the least

possible running slope and, wherever possible, accompany ramps with stairs for use by those

individuals for whom distance presents a greater barrier than steps, e.g., people with heart disease or

limited stamina.

405.3 Cross Slope. Cross slope of ramp runs shall not be steeper than 1:48.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 405.3 Cross Slope. Cross slope is the slope of the surface perpendicular to the direction of

travel. Cross slope is measured the same way as slope is measured (i.e., the rise over the run).

405.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of ramp runs shall comply with 302.

Changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope are not permitted on ramp runs.

405.5 Clear Width. The clear width of a ramp run and, where handrails are provided, the clear width

between handrails shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: Within employee work areas, the required clear width of ramps that are a part of

common use circulation paths shall be permitted to be decreased by work area equipment provided

that the decrease is essential to the function of the work being performed.

405.6 Rise. The rise for any ramp run shall be 30 inches (760 mm) maximum.

405.7 Landings. Ramps shall have landings at the top and the bottom of each ramp run. Landings

shall comply with 405.7.

Advisory 405.7 Landings. Ramps that do not have level landings at changes in direction can create

a compound slope that will not meet the requirements of this document. Circular or curved ramps

continually change direction. Curvilinear ramps with small radii also can create compound cross

slopes and cannot, by their nature, meet the requirements for accessible routes. A level landing is

needed at the accessible door to permit maneuvering and simultaneously door operation.

(a)

(b)

straight

change in direction

Figure 405.7 Ramp Landings

405.7.1 Slope. Landings shall comply with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

405.7.2 Width. The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the widest ramp run leading to the

landing.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

405.7.3 Length. The landing clear length shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) long minimum.

405.7.4 Change in Direction. Ramps that change direction between runs at landings shall have a

clear landing 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum.

405.7.5 Doorways. Where doorways are located adjacent to a ramp landing, maneuvering

clearances required by 404.2.4 and 404.3.2 shall be permitted to overlap the required landing area.

405.8 Handrails. Ramp runs with a rise greater than 6 inches (150 mm) shall have handrails

complying with 505.

EXCEPTION: Within employee work areas, handrails shall not be required where ramps that are

part of common use circulation paths are designed to permit the installation of handrails complying

with 505. Ramps not subject to the exception to 405.5 shall be designed to maintain a 36 inch (915

mm) minimum clear width when handrails are installed.

405.9 Edge Protection. Edge protection complying with 405.9.1 or 405.9.2 shall be provided on each

side of ramp runs and at each side of ramp landings.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Edge protection shall not be required on ramps that are not required to have handrails and have

sides complying with 406.3.

2. Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of ramp landings serving an adjoining ramp

run or stairway.

3. Edge protection shall not be required on the sides of ramp landings having a vertical drop-off of

½ inch (13 mm) maximum within 10 inches (255 mm) horizontally of the minimum landing area

specified in 405.7.

405.9.1 Extended Floor or Ground Surface. The floor or ground surface of the ramp run or landing

shall extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the inside face of a handrail complying with 505.

Advisory 405.9.1 Extended Floor or Ground Surface. The extended surface prevents wheelchair

casters and crutch tips from slipping off the ramp surface.

Figure 405.9.1 Extended Floor or Ground Surface Edge Protection

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405.9.2 Curb or Barrier. A curb or barrier shall be provided that prevents the passage of a 4 inch

(100 mm) diameter sphere, where any portion of the sphere is within 4 inches (100 mm) of the finish

floor or ground surface.

Figure 405.9.2 Curb or Barrier Edge Protection

405.10 Wet Conditions. Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the

accumulation of water.

406 Curb Ramps

406.1 General. Curb ramps on accessible routes shall comply with 406, 405.2 through 405.5, and

405.10.

406.2 Counter Slope. Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to

the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20. The adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to

walks, gutters, and streets shall be at the same level.

Figure 406.2 Counter Slope of Surfaces Adjacent to Curb Ramps

406.3 Sides of Curb Ramps. Where provided, curb ramp flares shall not be steeper than 1:10.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 406.3 Sides of Curb Ramps

406.4 Landings. Landings shall be provided at the tops of curb ramps. The landing clear length shall

be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the curb ramp,

excluding flared sides, leading to the landing.

EXCEPTION: In alterations, where there is no landing at the top of curb ramps, curb ramp flares

shall be provided and shall not be steeper than 1:12.

Figure 406.4 Landings at the Top of Curb Ramps

406.5 Location. Curb ramps and the flared sides of curb ramps shall be located so that they do not

project into vehicular traffic lanes, parking spaces, or parking access aisles. Curb ramps at marked

crossings shall be wholly contained within the markings, excluding any flared sides.

406.6 Diagonal Curb Ramps. Diagonal or corner type curb ramps with returned curbs or other well-

defined edges shall have the edges parallel to the direction of pedestrian flow. The bottom of diagonal

curb ramps shall have a clear space 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum outside active traffic lanes of the

roadway. Diagonal curb ramps provided at marked crossings shall provide the 48 inches (1220 mm)

minimum clear space within the markings. Diagonal curb ramps with flared sides shall have a

segment of curb 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum located on each side of the curb ramp and within

the marked crossing.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 406.6 Diagonal or Corner Type Curb Ramps

406.7 Islands. Raised islands in crossings shall be cut through level with the street or have curb

ramps at both sides. Each curb ramp shall have a level area 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum by

36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum at the top of the curb ramp in the part of the island intersected by

the crossings. Each 48 inch (1220 mm) minimum by 36 inch (915 mm) minimum area shall be

oriented so that the 48 inch (1220 mm) minimum length is in the direction of the running slope of the

curb ramp it serves. The 48 inch (1220 mm) minimum by 36 inch (915 mm) minimum areas and the

accessible route shall be permitted to overlap.

Figure 406.7 Islands in Crossings

407 Elevators

407.1 General. Elevators shall comply with 407 and with ASME A17.1 (incorporated by reference,

see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). They shall be passenger elevators as classified by ASME

A17.1. Elevator operation shall be automatic.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Advisory 407.1 General. The ADA and other Federal civil rights laws require that accessible features

be maintained in working order so that they are accessible to and usable by those people they are

intended to benefit. Building owners should note that the ASME Safety Code for Elevators and

Escalators requires routine maintenance and inspections. Isolated or temporary interruptions in

service due to maintenance or repairs may be unavoidable; however, failure to take prompt action to

effect repairs could constitute a violation of Federal laws and these requirements.

407.2 Elevator Landing Requirements. Elevator landings shall comply with 407.2.

407.2.1 Call Controls. Where elevator call buttons or keypads are provided, they shall comply with

407.2.1 and 309.4. Call buttons shall be raised or flush.

EXCEPTION: Existing elevators shall be permitted to have recessed call buttons.

407.2.1.1 Height. Call buttons and keypads shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified

in 308, measured to the centerline of the highest operable part.

EXCEPTION: Existing call buttons and existing keypads shall be permitted to be located at 54

inches (1370 mm) maximum above the finish floor, measured to the centerline of the highest

operable part.

407.2.1.2 Size. Call buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension.

EXCEPTION: Existing elevator call buttons shall not be required to comply with 407.2.1.2.

407.2.1.3 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided at call controls.

Advisory 407.2.1.3 Clear Floor or Ground Space. The clear floor or ground space required at

elevator call buttons must remain free of obstructions including ashtrays, plants, and other decorative

elements that prevent wheelchair users and others from reaching the call buttons. The height of the

clear floor or ground space is considered to be a volume from the floor to 80 inches (2030 mm) above

the floor. Recessed ashtrays should not be placed near elevator call buttons so that persons who are

blind or visually impaired do not inadvertently contact them or their contents as they reach for the call

buttons.

407.2.1.4 Location. The call button that designates the up direction shall be located above the call

button that designates the down direction.

EXCEPTION: Destination-oriented elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.2.1.4.

Advisory 407.2.1.4 Location, Exception. A destination-oriented elevator system provides lobby

controls enabling passengers to select floor stops, lobby indicators designating which elevator to use,

and a car indicator designating the floors at which the car will stop. Responding cars are programmed

for maximum efficiency by reducing the number of stops any passenger experiences.

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407.2.1.5 Signals. Call buttons shall have visible signals to indicate when each call is registered and

when each call is answered.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Destination-oriented elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.2.1.5 provided that visible

and audible signals complying with 407.2.2 indicating which elevator car to enter are provided.

2. Existing elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.2.1.5.

407.2.1.6 Keypads. Where keypads are provided, keypads shall be in a standard telephone keypad

arrangement and shall comply with 407.4.7.2.

407.2.2 Hall Signals. Hall signals, including in-car signals, shall comply with 407.2.2.

407.2.2.1 Visible and Audible Signals. A visible and audible signal shall be provided at each

hoistway entrance to indicate which car is answering a call and the car’s direction of travel. Where in-

car signals are provided, they shall be visible from the floor area adjacent to the hall call buttons.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Visible and audible signals shall not be required at each destination-oriented elevator where a

visible and audible signal complying with 407.2.2 is provided indicating the elevator car designation

information.

2. In existing elevators, a signal indicating the direction of car travel shall not be required.

407.2.2.2 Visible Signals. Visible signal fixtures shall be centered at 72 inches (1830 mm) minimum

above the finish floor or ground. The visible signal elements shall be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) minimum

measured along the vertical centerline of the element. Signals shall be visible from the floor area

adjacent to the hall call button.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Destination-oriented elevators shall be permitted to have signals visible from the floor area

adjacent to the hoistway entrance.

2. Existing elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.2.2.2.

Figure 407.2.2.2 Visible Hall Signals

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

407.2.2.3 Audible Signals. Audible signals shall sound once for the up direction and twice for the

down direction, or shall have verbal annunciators that indicate the direction of elevator car travel.

Audible signals shall have a frequency of 1500 Hz maximum. Verbal annunciators shall have a

frequency of 300 Hz minimum and 3000 Hz maximum. The audible signal and verbal annunciator

shall be 10 dB minimum above ambient, but shall not exceed 80 dB, measured at the hall call button.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Destination-oriented elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.2.2.3 provided that the

audible tone and verbal announcement is the same as those given at the call button or call button

keypad.

2. Existing elevators shall not be required to comply with the requirements for frequency and dB

range of audible signals.

407.2.2.4 Differentiation. Each destination-oriented elevator in a bank of elevators shall have

audible and visible means for differentiation.

407.2.3 Hoistway Signs. Signs at elevator hoistways shall comply with 407.2.3.

407.2.3.1 Floor Designation. Floor designations complying with 703.2 and 703.4.1 shall be provided

on both jambs of elevator hoistway entrances. Floor designations shall be provided in both tactile

characters and braille. Tactile characters shall be 2 inches (51 mm) high minimum. A tactile star shall

be provided on both jambs at the main entry level.

Figure 407.2.3.1 Floor Designations on Jambs of Elevator Hoistway Entrances

407.2.3.2 Car Designations. Destination-oriented elevators shall provide tactile car identification

complying with 703.2 on both jambs of the hoistway immediately below the floor designation. Car

designations shall be provided in both tactile characters and braille. Tactile characters shall be 2

inches (51 mm) high minimum.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 407.2.3.2 Car Designations on Jambs of Destination-Oriented

Elevator Hoistway Entrances

407.3 Elevator Door Requirements. Hoistway and car doors shall comply with 407.3.

407.3.1 Type. Elevator doors shall be the horizontal sliding type. Car gates shall be prohibited.

407.3.2 Operation. Elevator hoistway and car doors shall open and close automatically.

EXCEPTION: Existing manually operated hoistway swing doors shall be permitted provided that

they comply with 404.2.3 and 404.2.9. Car door closing shall not be initiated until the hoistway door

is closed.

407.3.3 Reopening Device. Elevator doors shall be provided with a reopening device complying with

407.3.3 that shall stop and reopen a car door and hoistway door automatically if the door becomes

obstructed by an object or person.

EXCEPTION: Existing elevators with manually operated doors shall not be required to comply with

407.3.3.

407.3.3.1 Height. The device shall be activated by sensing an obstruction passing through the

opening at 5 inches (125 mm) nominal and 29 inches (735 mm) nominal above the finish floor.

407.3.3.2 Contact. The device shall not require physical contact to be activated, although contact is

permitted to occur before the door reverses.

407.3.3.3 Duration. Door reopening devices shall remain effective for 20 seconds minimum.

407.3.4 Door and Signal Timing. The minimum acceptable time from notification that a car is

answering a call or notification of the car assigned at the means for the entry of destination

information until the doors of that car start to close shall be calculated from the following equation:

T = D/(1.5 ft/s) or T = D/(455 mm/s) = 5 seconds minimum where T equals the total time in seconds

and D equals the distance (in feet or millimeters) from the point in the lobby or corridor 60 inches

(1525 mm) directly in front of the farthest call button controlling that car to the centerline of its

hoistway door.

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EXCEPTIONS:

1. For cars with in-car lanterns, T shall be permitted to begin when the signal is visible from the

point 60 inches (1525 mm) directly in front of the farthest hall call button and the audible signal is

sounded.

2. Destination-oriented elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.3.4.

407.3.5 Door Delay. Elevator doors shall remain fully open in response to a car call for 3 seconds

minimum.

407.3.6 Width. The width of elevator doors shall comply with Table 407.4.1.

EXCEPTION: In existing elevators, a power-operated car door complying with 404.2.3 shall be

permitted.

407.4 Elevator Car Requirements. Elevator cars shall comply with 407.4.

407.4.1 Car Dimensions. Inside dimensions of elevator cars and clear width of elevator doors shall

comply with Table 407.4.1.

EXCEPTION: Existing elevator car configurations that provide a clear floor area of 16 square feet

(1.5 m2) minimum and also provide an inside clear depth 54 inches (1370 mm) minimum and a

clear width 36 inches (915 mm) minimum shall be permitted.

Table 407.4.1 Elevator Car Dimensions

Minimum Dimensions

Inside Car,

Inside Car,

Door Clear

Inside Car,

Back Wall to

Back Wall to

Door Location

Width

Side to Side

Front Return

Inside Face of Door

42 inches

80 inches

51 inches

54 inches

Centered

(1065 mm)

(2030 mm)

(1295 mm)

(1370 mm)

Side

36 inches

68 inches

51 inches

54 inches

(off-centered)

(915 mm)¹

(1725 mm)

(1295 mm)

(1370 mm)

36 inches

54 inches

80 inches

80 inches

Any

(915 mm)¹

(1370 mm)

(2030 mm)

(2030 mm)

36 inches

60 inches

60 inches

60 inches

Any

(915 mm)¹

(1525 mm)²

(1525 mm)²

(1525 mm)²

1. A tolerance of minus 5/8 inch (16 mm) is permitted.

2. Other car configurations that provide a turning space complying with 304 with the door closed shall be

permitted.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 407.4.1 Elevator Car Dimensions

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

407.4.2 Floor Surfaces. Floor surfaces in elevator cars shall comply with 302 and 303.

407.4.3 Platform to Hoistway Clearance. The clearance between the car platform sill and the edge

of any hoistway landing shall be 1 1/4 inch (32 mm) maximum.

407.4.4 Leveling. Each car shall be equipped with a self-leveling feature that will automatically bring

and maintain the car at floor landings within a tolerance of 1/2 inch (13 mm) under rated loading to

zero loading conditions.

407.4.5 Illumination. The level of illumination at the car controls, platform, car threshold and car

landing sill shall be 5 foot candles (54 lux) minimum.

407.4.6 Elevator Car Controls. Where provided, elevator car controls shall comply with 407.4.6 and

309.4.

EXCEPTION: In existing elevators, where a new car operating panel complying with 407.4.6 is

provided, existing car operating panels shall not be required to comply with 407.4.6.

407.4.6.1 Location. Controls shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in 308.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where the elevator panel serves more than 16 openings and a parallel approach is provided,

buttons with floor designations shall be permitted to be 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum above the

finish floor.

2. In existing elevators, car control buttons with floor designations shall be permitted to be located

54 inches (1370 mm) maximum above the finish floor where a parallel approach is provided.

407.4.6.2 Buttons. Car control buttons with floor designations shall comply with 407.4.6.2 and shall

be raised or flush.

EXCEPTION: In existing elevators, buttons shall be permitted to be recessed.

407.4.6.2.1 Size. Buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in their smallest dimension.

407.4.6.2.2 Arrangement. Buttons shall be arranged with numbers in ascending order. When two or

more columns of buttons are provided they shall read from left to right.

407.4.6.3 Keypads. Car control keypads shall be in a standard telephone keypad arrangement and

shall comply with 407.4.7.2.

407.4.6.4 Emergency Controls. Emergency controls shall comply with 407.4.6.4.

407.4.6.4.1 Height. Emergency control buttons shall have their centerlines 35 inches (890 mm)

minimum above the finish floor.

407.4.6.4.2 Location. Emergency controls, including the emergency alarm, shall be grouped at the

bottom of the panel.

407.4.7 Designations and Indicators of Car Controls. Designations and indicators of car controls

shall comply with 407.4.7.

EXCEPTION: In existing elevators, where a new car operating panel complying with 407.4.7 is

provided, existing car operating panels shall not be required to comply with 407.4.7.

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407.4.7.1 Buttons. Car control buttons shall comply with 407.4.7.1.

407.4.7.1.1 Type. Control buttons shall be identified by tactile characters complying with 703.2.

407.4.7.1.2 Location. Raised character and braille designations shall be placed immediately to the

left of the control button to which the designations apply.

EXCEPTION: Where space on an existing car operating panel precludes tactile markings to the left

of the controls, markings shall be placed as near to the control as possible.

407.4.7.1.3 Symbols. The control button for the emergency stop, alarm, door open, door close, main

entry floor, and phone, shall be identified with tactile symbols as shown in Table 407.4.7.1.3.

Table 407.4.7.1.3 Elevator Control Button Identification

Control Button

Tactile Symbol

Braille Message

Emergency Stop

“ST”OP Three cells “

Alarm

AL”AR”M Four cells

Door Open

OP”EN” Three cells

Door Close

CLOSE Five cells

Main Entry Floor

MA”IN” Three cells

Phone

PH”ONE” Four cells

407.4.7.1.4 Visible Indicators. Buttons with floor designations shall be provided with visible

indicators to show that a call has been registered. The visible indication shall extinguish when the car

arrives at the designated floor.

407.4.7.2 Keypads. Keypads shall be identified by characters complying with 703.5 and shall be

centered on the corresponding keypad button. The number five key shall have a single raised dot.

The dot shall be 0.118 inch (3 mm) to 0.120 inch (3.05 mm) base diameter and in other aspects

comply with Table 703.3.1.

407.4.8 Car Position Indicators. Audible and visible car position indicators shall be provided in

elevator cars.

407.4.8.1 Visible Indicators. Visible indicators shall comply with 407.4.8.1.

407.4.8.1.1 Size. Characters shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) high minimum.

407.4.8.1.2 Location. Indicators shall be located above the car control panel or above the door.

407.4.8.1.3 Floor Arrival. As the car passes a floor and when a car stops at a floor served by the

elevator, the corresponding character shall illuminate.

EXCEPTION: Destination-oriented elevators shall not be required to comply with 407.4.8.1.3

provided that the visible indicators extinguish when the call has been answered.

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407.4.8.1.4 Destination Indicator. In destination-oriented elevators, a display shall be provided in

the car with visible indicators to show car destinations.

407.4.8.2 Audible Indicators. Audible indicators shall comply with 407.4.8.2.

407.4.8.2.1 Signal Type. The signal shall be an automatic verbal annunciator which announces the

floor at which the car is about to stop.

EXCEPTION: For elevators other than destination-oriented elevators that have a rated speed of

200 feet per minute (1 m/s) or less, a non-verbal audible signal with a frequency of 1500 Hz

maximum which sounds as the car passes or is about to stop at a floor served by the elevator shall

be permitted.

407.4.8.2.2 Signal Level. The verbal annunciator shall be 10 dB minimum above ambient, but shall

not exceed 80 dB, measured at the annunciator.

407.4.8.2.3 Frequency. The verbal annunciator shall have a frequency of 300 Hz minimum to 3000

Hz maximum.

407.4.9 Emergency Communication. Emergency two-way communication systems shall comply

with 308. Tactile symbols and characters shall be provided adjacent to the device and shall comply

with 703.2.

408 Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators

408.1 General. Limited-use/limited-application elevators shall comply with 408 and with ASME A17.1

(incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). They shall be passenger

elevators as classified by ASME A17.1. Elevator operation shall be automatic.

408.2 Elevator Landings. Landings serving limited-use/limited-application elevators shall comply

with 408.2.

408.2.1 Call Buttons. Elevator call buttons and keypads shall comply with 407.2.1.

408.2.2 Hall Signals. Hall signals shall comply with 407.2.2.

408.2.3 Hoistway Signs. Signs at elevator hoistways shall comply with 407.2.3.1.

408.3 Elevator Doors. Elevator hoistway doors shall comply with 408.3.

408.3.1 Sliding Doors. Sliding hoistway and car doors shall comply with 407.3.1 through 407.3.3 and

408.4.1.

408.3.2 Swinging Doors. Swinging hoistway doors shall open and close automatically and shall

comply with 404, 407.3.2 and 408.3.2.

408.3.2.1 Power Operation. Swinging doors shall be power-operated and shall comply with

ANSI/BHMA A156.19 (1997 or 2002 edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards”

in Chapter 1).

408.3.2.2 Duration. Power-operated swinging doors shall remain open for 20 seconds minimum

when activated.

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408.4 Elevator Cars. Elevator cars shall comply with 408.4.

408.4.1 Car Dimensions and Doors. Elevator cars shall provide a clear width 42 inches (1065 mm)

minimum and a clear depth 54 inches (1370 mm) minimum. Car doors shall be positioned at the

narrow ends of cars and shall provide 32 inches (815 mm) minimum clear width.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Cars that provide a clear width 51 inches (1295 mm) minimum shall be permitted to provide a

clear depth 51 inches (1295 mm) minimum provided that car doors provide a clear opening 36

inches (915 mm) wide minimum.

2. Existing elevator cars shall be permitted to provide a clear width 36 inches (915 mm) minimum,

clear depth 54 inches (1370 mm) minimum, and a net clear platform area 15 square feet (1.4 m²)

minimum.

Figure 408.4.1 Limited-Use/Limited-Application (LULA) Elevator Car Dimensions

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408.4.2 Floor Surfaces. Floor surfaces in elevator cars shall comply with 302 and 303.

408.4.3 Platform to Hoistway Clearance. The platform to hoistway clearance shall comply with

407.4.3.

408.4.4 Leveling. Elevator car leveling shall comply with 407.4.4.

408.4.5 Illumination. Elevator car illumination shall comply with 407.4.5.

408.4.6 Car Controls. Elevator car controls shall comply with 407.4.6. Control panels shall be

centered on a side wall.

408.4.7 Designations and Indicators of Car Controls. Designations and indicators of car controls

shall comply with 407.4.7.

408.4.8 Emergency Communications. Car emergency signaling devices complying with 407.4.9

shall be provided.

409 Private Residence Elevators

409.1 General. Private residence elevators that are provided within a residential dwelling unit

required to provide mobility features complying with 809.2 through 809.4 shall comply with 409 and with ASME A17.1 (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). They shall

be passenger elevators as classified by ASME A17.1. Elevator operation shall be automatic.

409.2 Call Buttons. Call buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension and

shall comply with 309.

409.3 Elevator Doors. Hoistway doors, car doors, and car gates shall comply with 409.3 and 404.

EXCEPTION: Doors shall not be required to comply with the maneuvering clearance requirements

in 404.2.4.1 for approaches to the push side of swinging doors.

409.3.1 Power Operation. Elevator car and hoistway doors and gates shall be power operated and

shall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.19 (1997 or 2002 edition) (incorporated by reference, see

“Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). Power operated doors and gates shall remain open for 20

seconds minimum when activated.

EXCEPTION: In elevator cars with more than one opening, hoistway doors and gates shall be

permitted to be of the manual-open, self-close type.

409.3.2 Location. Elevator car doors or gates shall be positioned at the narrow end of the clear floor

spaces required by 409.4.1.

409.4 Elevator Cars. Private residence elevator cars shall comply with 409.4.

409.4.1 Inside Dimensions of Elevator Cars. Elevator cars shall provide a clear floor space of 36

inches (915 mm) minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum and shall comply with 305.

409.4.2 Floor Surfaces. Floor surfaces in elevator cars shall comply with 302 and 303.

409.4.3 Platform to Hoistway Clearance. The clearance between the car platform and the edge of

any landing sill shall be 1 1/2 inch (38 mm) maximum.

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409.4.4 Leveling. Each car shall automatically stop at a floor landing within a of 1/2 inch (13 mm)

under rated loading to zero loading conditions.

409.4.5 Illumination Levels. Elevator car illumination shall comply with 407.4.5.

409.4.6 Car Controls. Elevator car control buttons shall comply with 409.4.6, 309.3, 309.4, and shall

be raised or flush.

409.4.6.1 Size. Control buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in their smallest dimension.

409.4.6.2 Location. Control panels shall be on a side wall, 12 inches (305 mm) minimum from any

adjacent wall.

Figure 409.4.6.2 Location of Private Residence Elevator Control Panel

409.4.7 Emergency Communications. Emergency two-way communication systems shall comply

with 409.4.7.

409.4.7.1 Type. A telephone and emergency signal device shall be provided in the car.

409.4.7.2 Operable Parts. The telephone and emergency signaling device shall comply with 309.3

and 309.4.

409.4.7.3 Compartment. If the telephone or device is in a closed compartment, the compartment

door hardware shall comply with 309.

409.4.7.4 Cord. The telephone cord shall be 29 inches (735 mm) long minimum.

410 Platform Lifts

410.1 General. Platform lifts shall comply with ASME A18.1 (1999 edition or 2003 edition)

(incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). Platform lifts shall not be

attendant-operated and shall provide unassisted entry and exit from the lift.

Advisory 410.1 General. Inclined stairway chairlifts and inclined and vertical platform lifts are

available for short-distance vertical transportation. Because an accessible route requires an 80 inch

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Advisory 410.1 General (Continued). (2030 mm) vertical clearance, care should be taken in

selecting lifts as they may not be equally suitable for use by people using wheelchairs and people

standing. If a lift does not provide 80 inch (2030 mm) vertical clearance, it cannot be considered part

of an accessible route in new construction.

The ADA and other Federal civil rights laws require that accessible features be maintained in working

order so that they are accessible to and usable by those people they are intended to benefit. Building

owners are reminded that the ASME A18 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Chairlifts

requires routine maintenance and inspections. Isolated or temporary interruptions in service due to

maintenance or repairs may be unavoidable; however, failure to take prompt action to effect repairs

could constitute a violation of Federal laws and these requirements.

410.2 Floor Surfaces. Floor surfaces in platform lifts shall comply with 302 and 303.

410.3 Clear Floor Space. Clear floor space in platform lifts shall comply with 305.

410.4 Platform to Runway Clearance. The clearance between the platform sill and the edge of any

runway landing shall be 1 inch (32 mm) maximum.

410.5 Operable Parts. Controls for platform lifts shall comply with 309.

410.6 Doors and Gates. Platform lifts shall have low-energy power-operated doors or gates

complying with 404.3. Doors shall remain open for 20 seconds minimum. End doors and gates shall

provide a clear width 32 inches (815 mm) minimum. Side doors and gates shall provide a clear width

42 inches (1065 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: Platform lifts serving two landings maximum and having doors or gates on opposite

sides shall be permitted to have self-closing manual doors or gates.

Figure 410.6 Platform Lift Doors and Gates

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CHAPTER 5: GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS

501 General

501.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 5 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

502 Parking Spaces

502.1 General. Car and van parking spaces shall comply with 502. Where parking spaces are

marked with lines, width measurements of parking spaces and access aisles shall be made from the

centerline of the markings.

EXCEPTION: Where parking spaces or access aisles are not adjacent to another parking space or

access aisle, measurements shall be permitted to include the full width of the line defining the

parking space or access aisle.

502.2 Vehicle Spaces. Car parking spaces shall be 96 inches (2440 mm) wide minimum and van

parking spaces shall be 132 inches (3350 mm) wide minimum, shall be marked to define the width,

and shall have an adjacent access aisle complying with 502.3.

EXCEPTION: Van parking spaces shall be permitted to be 96 inches (2440 mm) wide minimum

where the access aisle is 96 inches (2440 mm) wide minimum.

Figure 502.2 Vehicle Parking Spaces

502.3 Access Aisle. Access aisles serving parking spaces shall comply with 502.3. Access aisles

shall adjoin an accessible route. Two parking spaces shall be permitted to share a common access

aisle.

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Advisory 502.3 Access Aisle. Accessible routes must connect parking spaces to accessible

entrances. In parking facilities where the accessible route must cross vehicular traffic lanes, marked

crossings enhance pedestrian safety, particularly for people using wheelchairs and other mobility

aids. Where possible, it is preferable that the accessible route not pass behind parked vehicles.

Figure 502.3 Parking Space Access Aisle

502.3.1 Width. Access aisles serving car and van parking spaces shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide

minimum.

502.3.2 Length. Access aisles shall extend the full length of the parking spaces they serve.

502.3.3 Marking. Access aisles shall be marked so as to discourage parking in them.

Advisory 502.3.3 Marking. The method and color of marking are not specified by these

requirements but may be addressed by State or local laws or regulations. Because these

requirements permit the van access aisle to be as wide as a parking space, it is important that the

aisle be clearly marked.

502.3.4 Location. Access aisles shall not overlap the vehicular way. Access aisles shall be permitted

to be placed on either side of the parking space except for angled van parking spaces which shall

have access aisles located on the passenger side of the parking spaces.

Advisory 502.3.4 Location. Wheelchair lifts typically are installed on the passenger side of vans.

Many drivers, especially those who operate vans, find it more difficult to back into parking spaces

than to back out into comparatively unrestricted vehicular lanes. For this reason, where a van and car

share an access aisle, consider locating the van space so that the access aisle is on the passenger

side of the van space.

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502.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Parking spaces and access aisles serving them shall comply with

302. Access aisles shall be at the same level as the parking spaces they serve. Changes in level are

not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

Advisory 502.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Access aisles are required to be nearly level in all

directions to provide a surface for wheelchair transfer to and from vehicles. The exception allows

sufficient slope for drainage. Built-up curb ramps are not permitted to project into access aisles and

parking spaces because they would create slopes greater than 1:48.

502.5 Vertical Clearance. Parking spaces for vans and access aisles and vehicular routes serving

them shall provide a vertical clearance of 98 inches (2490 mm) minimum.

Advisory 502.5 Vertical Clearance. Signs provided at entrances to parking facilities informing

drivers of clearances and the location of van accessible parking spaces can provide useful customer

assistance.

502.6 Identification. Parking space identification signs shall include the International Symbol of

Accessibility complying with 703.7.2.1. Signs identifying van parking spaces shall contain the

designation “van accessible.” Signs shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum above the finish floor or

ground surface measured to the bottom of the sign.

Advisory 502.6 Identification. The required “van accessible” designation is intended to be

informative, not restrictive, in identifying those spaces that are better suited for van use. Enforcement

of motor vehicle laws, including parking privileges, is a local matter.

502.7 Relationship to Accessible Routes. Parking spaces and access aisles shall be designed so

that cars and vans, when parked, cannot obstruct the required clear width of adjacent accessible

routes.

Advisory 502.7 Relationship to Accessible Routes. Wheel stops are an effective way to prevent

vehicle overhangs from reducing the clear width of accessible routes.

503 Passenger Loading Zones

503.1 General. Passenger loading zones shall comply with 503.

503.2 Vehicle Pull-Up Space. Passenger loading zones shall provide a vehicular pull-up space 96

inches (2440 mm) wide minimum and 20 feet (6100 mm) long minimum.

503.3 Access Aisle. Passenger loading zones shall provide access aisles complying with 503

adjacent to the vehicle pull-up space. Access aisles shall adjoin an accessible route and shall not

overlap the vehicular way.

503.3.1 Width. Access aisles serving vehicle pull-up spaces shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide

minimum.

503.3.2 Length. Access aisles shall extend the full length of the vehicle pull-up spaces they serve.

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503.3.3 Marking. Access aisles shall be marked so as to discourage parking in them.

Figure 503.3 Passenger Loading Zone Access Aisle

503.4 Floor and Ground Surfaces. Vehicle pull-up spaces and access aisles serving them shall

comply with 302. Access aisles shall be at the same level as the vehicle pull-up space they serve.

Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

503.5 Vertical Clearance. Vehicle pull-up spaces, access aisles serving them, and a vehicular route

from an entrance to the passenger loading zone, and from the passenger loading zone to a vehicular

exit shall provide a vertical clearance of 114 inches (2895 mm) minimum.

504 Stairways

504.1 General. Stairs shall comply with 504.

504.2 Treads and Risers. All steps on a flight of stairs shall have uniform riser heights and uniform

tread depths. Risers shall be 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum and 7 inches (180 mm) high

maximum. Treads shall be 11 inches (280 mm) deep minimum.

504.3 Open Risers. Open risers are not permitted.

504.4 Tread Surface. Stair treads shall comply with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Treads shall be permitted to have a slope not steeper than 1:48.

Advisory 504.4 Tread Surface. Consider providing visual contrast on tread nosings, or at the leading

edges of treads without nosings, so that stair treads are more visible for people with low vision.

504.5 Nosings. The radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm)

maximum. Nosings that project beyond risers shall have the underside of the leading edge curved or

beveled. Risers shall be permitted to slope under the tread at an angle of 30 degrees maximum from

vertical. The permitted projection of the nosing shall extend 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) maximum over the

tread below.

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Figure 504.5 Stair Nosings

504.6 Handrails. Stairs shall have handrails complying with 505.

504.7 Wet Conditions. Stair treads and landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to

prevent the accumulation of water.

505 Handrails

505.1 General. Handrails provided along walking surfaces complying with 403, required at ramps

complying with 405, and required at stairs complying with 504 shall comply with 505.

Advisory 505.1 General. Handrails are required on ramp runs with a rise greater than 6 inches (150

mm) (see 405.8) and on certain stairways (see 504). Handrails are not required on walking surfaces

with running slopes less than 1:20. However, handrails are required to comply with 505 when they are

provided on walking surfaces with running slopes less than 1:20 (see 403.6). Sections 505.2, 505.3,

and 505.10 do not apply to handrails provided on walking surfaces with running slopes less than 1:20

as these sections only reference requirements for ramps and stairs.

505.2 Where Required. Handrails shall be provided on both sides of stairs and ramps.

EXCEPTION: In assembly areas, handrails shall not be required on both sides of aisle ramps

where a handrail is provided at either side or within the aisle width.

505.3 Continuity. Handrails shall be continuous within the full length of each stair flight or ramp run.

Inside handrails on switchback or dogleg stairs and ramps shall be continuous between flights or

runs.

EXCEPTION: In assembly areas, handrails on ramps shall not be required to be continuous in

aisles serving seating.

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505.4 Height. Top of gripping surfaces of handrails shall be 34 inches (865 mm) minimum and 38

inches (965 mm) maximum vertically above walking surfaces, stair nosings, and ramp surfaces.

Handrails shall be at a consistent height above walking surfaces, stair nosings, and ramp surfaces.

Advisory 505.4 Height. The requirements for stair and ramp handrails in this document are for

adults. When children are the principal users in a building or facility (e.g., elementary schools), a

second set of handrails at an appropriate height can assist them and aid in preventing accidents. A

maximum height of 28 inches (710 mm) measured to the top of the gripping surface from the ramp

surface or stair nosing is recommended for handrails designed for children. Sufficient vertical

clearance between upper and lower handrails, 9 inches (230 mm) minimum, should be provided to

help prevent entrapment.

Figure 505.4 Handrail Height

505.5 Clearance. Clearance between handrail gripping surfaces and adjacent surfaces shall be 1 1/2

inches (38 mm) minimum.

Figure 505.5 Handrail Clearance

505.6 Gripping Surface. Handrail gripping surfaces shall be continuous along their length and shall

not be obstructed along their tops or sides. The bottoms of handrail gripping surfaces shall not be

obstructed for more than 20 percent of their length. Where provided, horizontal projections shall occur

1 1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum below the bottom of the handrail gripping surface.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where handrails are provided along walking surfaces with slopes not steeper than 1:20, the

bottoms of handrail gripping surfaces shall be permitted to be obstructed along their entire length

where they are integral to crash rails or bumper guards.

2. The distance between horizontal projections and the bottom of the gripping surface shall be

permitted to be reduced by 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) for each 1/2 inch (13 mm) of additional handrail

perimeter dimension that exceeds 4 inches (100 mm).

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Advisory 505.6 Gripping Surface. People with disabilities, older people, and others benefit from

continuous gripping surfaces that permit users to reach the fingers outward or downward to grasp the

handrail, particularly as the user senses a loss of equilibrium or begins to fall.

Figure 505.6 Horizontal Projections Below Gripping Surface

505.7 Cross Section. Handrail gripping surfaces shall have a cross section complying with 505.7.1

or 505.7.2.

505.7.1 Circular Cross Section. Handrail gripping surfaces with a circular cross section shall have

an outside diameter of 1 1/4 inches (32 mm) minimum and 2 inches (51 mm) maximum.

505.7.2 Non-Circular Cross Sections. Handrail gripping surfaces with a non-circular cross section

shall have a perimeter dimension of 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and 6 1/4 inches (160 mm)

maximum,

and

a

cross-section

dimension

of

2

1/4

inches

(57

mm)

maximum.

Figure 505.7.2 Handrail Non-Circular Cross Section

505.8 Surfaces. Handrail gripping surfaces and any surfaces adjacent to them shall be free of sharp

or abrasive elements and shall have rounded edges.

505.9 Fittings. Handrails shall not rotate within their fittings.

505.10 Handrail Extensions. Handrail gripping surfaces shall extend beyond and in the same

direction of stair flights and ramp runs in accordance with 505.10.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Extensions shall not be required for continuous handrails at the inside turn of switchback or

dogleg stairs and ramps.

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2. In assembly areas, extensions shall not be required for ramp handrails in aisles serving seating

where the handrails are discontinuous to provide access to seating and to permit crossovers within

aisles.

3. In alterations, full extensions of handrails shall not be required where such extensions would be

hazardous due to plan configuration.

505.10.1 Top and Bottom Extension at Ramps. Ramp handrails shall extend horizontally above the

landing for 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the top and bottom of ramp runs. Extensions shall

return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent

ramp run.

Figure 505.10.1 Top and Bottom Handrail Extension at Ramps

505.10.2 Top Extension at Stairs. At the top of a stair flight, handrails shall extend horizontally

above the landing for 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beginning directly above the first riser nosing.

Extensions shall return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the handrail

of an adjacent stair flight.

Figure 505.10.2 Top Handrail Extension at Stairs

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505.10.3 Bottom Extension at Stairs. At the bottom of a stair flight, handrails shall extend at the

slope of the stair flight for a horizontal distance at least equal to one tread depth beyond the last riser

nosing. Extension shall return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the

handrail of an adjacent stair flight.

Figure 505.10.3 Bottom Handrail Extension at Stairs

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CHAPTER 6: PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES

601 General

601.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 6 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

602 Drinking Fountains

602.1 General. Drinking fountains shall comply with 307 and 602.

602.2 Clear Floor Space. Units shall have a clear floor or ground space complying with 305

positioned for a forward approach and centered on the unit. Knee and toe clearance complying with

306 shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: A parallel approach complying with 305 shall be permitted at units for children’s use

where the spout is 30 inches (760 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground and is 3 1/2

inches (90 mm) maximum from the front edge of the unit, including bumpers.

602.3 Operable Parts. Operable parts shall comply with 309.

602.4 Spout Height. Spout outlets shall be 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish floor or

ground.

602.5 Spout Location. The spout shall be located 15 inches (380 mm) minimum from the vertical

support and 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the front edge of the unit, including bumpers.

Figure 602.5 Drinking Fountain Spout Location

602.6 Water Flow. The spout shall provide a flow of water 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum and

shall be located 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the front of the unit. The angle of the water stream

shall be measured horizontally relative to the front face of the unit. Where spouts are located less

than 3 inches (75 mm) of the front of the unit, the angle of the water stream shall be 30 degrees

maximum. Where spouts are located between 3 inches (75 mm) and 5 inches (125 mm) maximum

from the front of the unit, the angle of the water stream shall be 15 degrees maximum.

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Advisory 602.6 Water Flow. The purpose of requiring the drinking fountain spout to produce a flow

of water 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum is so that a cup can be inserted under the flow of water to

provide a drink of water for an individual who, because of a disability, would otherwise be incapable of

using the drinking fountain.

602.7 Drinking Fountains for Standing Persons. Spout outlets of drinking fountains for standing

persons shall be 38 inches (965 mm) minimum and 43 inches (1090 mm) maximum above the finish

floor or ground.

603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms

603.1 General. Toilet and bathing rooms shall comply with 603.

603.2 Clearances. Clearances shall comply with 603.2.

603.2.1 Turning Space. Turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within the room.

603.2.2 Overlap. Required clear floor spaces, clearance at fixtures, and turning space shall be

permitted to overlap.

603.2.3 Door Swing. Doors shall not swing into the clear floor space or clearance required for any

fixture. Doors shall be permitted to swing into the required turning space.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Doors to a toilet room or bathing room for a single occupant accessed only through a private

office and not for common use or public use shall be permitted to swing into the clear floor space or

clearance provided the swing of the door can be reversed to comply with 603.2.3.

2. Where the toilet room or bathing room is for individual use and a clear floor space complying with

305.3 is provided within the room beyond the arc of the door swing, doors shall be permitted to

swing into the clear floor space or clearance required for any fixture.

Advisory 603.2.3 Door Swing Exception 1. At the time the door is installed, and if the door swing is

reversed in the future, the door must meet all the requirements specified in 404. Additionally, the door

swing cannot reduce the required width of an accessible route. Also, avoid violating other building or

life safety codes when the door swing is reversed.

603.3 Mirrors. Mirrors located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge

of the reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Mirrors not

located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting

surface 35 inches (890 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

Advisory 603.3 Mirrors. A single full-length mirror can accommodate a greater number of people,

including children. In order for mirrors to be usable by people who are ambulatory and people who

use wheelchairs, the top edge of mirrors should be 74 inches (1880 mm) minimum from the floor or

ground.

603.4 Coat Hooks and Shelves. Coat hooks shall be located within one of the reach ranges

specified in 308. Shelves shall be located 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm)

maximum above the finish floor.

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604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments

604.1 General. Water closets and toilet compartments shall comply with 604.2 through 604.8.

EXCEPTION: Water closets and toilet compartments for children’s use shall be permitted to comply

with 604.9.

604.2 Location. The water closet shall be positioned with a wall or partition to the rear and to one

side. The centerline of the water closet shall be 16 inches (405 mm) minimum to 18 inches (455 mm)

maximum from the side wall or partition, except that the water closet shall be 17 inches (430 mm)

minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition in the ambulatory

accessible toilet compartment specified in 604.8.2. Water closets shall be arranged for a left-hand or

right-hand approach.

Figure 604.2 Water Closet Location

604.3 Clearance. Clearances around water closets and in toilet compartments shall comply with

604.3.

604.3.1 Size. Clearance around a water closet shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum measured

perpendicular from the side wall and 56 inches (1420 mm) minimum measured perpendicular from

the rear wall.

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Figure 604.3.1 Size of Clearance at Water Closets

604.3.2 Overlap. The required clearance around the water closet shall be permitted to overlap the

water closet, associated grab bars, dispensers, sanitary napkin disposal units, coat hooks, shelves,

accessible routes, clear floor space and clearances required at other fixtures, and the turning space.

No other fixtures or obstructions shall be located within the required water closet clearance.

EXCEPTION: In residential dwelling units, a lavatory complying with 606 shall be permitted on the

rear wall 18 inches (455 mm) minimum from the water closet centerline where the clearance at the

water closet is 66 inches (1675 mm) minimum measured perpendicular from the rear wall.

Advisory 604.3.2 Overlap. When the door to the toilet room is placed directly in front of the water

closet, the water closet cannot overlap the required maneuvering clearance for the door inside the

room.

Figure 604.3.2 (Exception) Overlap of Water Closet Clearance in Residential Dwelling Units

604.4 Seats. The seat height of a water closet above the finish floor shall be 17 inches (430 mm)

minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum measured to the top of the seat. Seats shall not be

sprung to return to a lifted position.

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EXCEPTIONS:

1. A water closet in a toilet room for a single occupant accessed only through a private office and

not for common use or public use shall not be required to comply with 604.4.

2. In residential dwelling units, the height of water closets shall be permitted to be 15 inches (380

mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the finish floor measured to the top of the

seat.

604.5 Grab Bars. Grab bars for water closets shall comply with 609. Grab bars shall be provided on

the side wall closest to the water closet and on the rear wall.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Grab bars shall not be required to be installed in a toilet room for a single occupant accessed

only through a private office and not for common use or public use provided that reinforcement has

been installed in walls and located so as to permit the installation of grab bars complying with

604.5.

2. In residential dwelling units, grab bars shall not be required to be installed in toilet or bathrooms

provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to permit the installation

of grab bars complying with 604.5.

3. In detention or correction facilities, grab bars shall not be required to be installed in housing or

holding cells that are specially designed without protrusions for purposes of suicide prevention.

Advisory 604.5 Grab Bars Exception 2. Reinforcement must be sufficient to permit the installation

of rear and side wall grab bars that fully meet all accessibility requirements including, but not limited

to, required length, installation height, and structural strength.

604.5.1 Side Wall. The side wall grab bar shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) long minimum, located 12

inches (305 mm) maximum from the rear wall and extending 54 inches (1370 mm) minimum from the

rear wall.

Figure 604.5.1 Side Wall Grab Bar at Water Closets

604.5.2 Rear Wall. The rear wall grab bar shall be 36 inches (915 mm) long minimum and extend

from the centerline of the water closet 12 inches (305 mm) minimum on one side and 24 inches (610

mm) minimum on the other side.

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EXCEPTIONS:

1. The rear grab bar shall be permitted to be 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum, centered on the

water closet, where wall space does not permit a length of 36 inches (915 mm) minimum due to

the location of a recessed fixture adjacent to the water closet.

2. Where an administrative authority requires flush controls for flush valves to be located in a

position that conflicts with the location of the rear grab bar, then the rear grab bar shall be

permitted to be split or shifted to the open side of the toilet area.

Figure 604.5.2 Rear Wall Grab Bar at Water Closets

604.6 Flush Controls. Flush controls shall be hand operated or automatic. Hand operated flush

controls shall comply with 309. Flush controls shall be located on the open side of the water closet

except in ambulatory accessible compartments complying with 604.8.2.

Advisory 604.6 Flush Controls. If plumbing valves are located directly behind the toilet seat, flush

valves and related plumbing can cause injury or imbalance when a person leans back against them.

To prevent causing injury or imbalance, the plumbing can be located behind walls or to the side of the

toilet; or if approved by the local authority having jurisdiction, provide a toilet seat lid.

604.7 Dispensers. Toilet paper dispensers shall comply with 309.4 and shall be 7 inches (180 mm)

minimum and 9 inches (230 mm) maximum in front of the water closet measured to the centerline of

the dispenser. The outlet of the dispenser shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220

mm) maximum above the finish floor and shall not be located behind grab bars. Dispensers shall not

be of a type that controls delivery or that does not allow continuous paper flow.

Advisory 604.7 Dispensers. If toilet paper dispensers are installed above the side wall grab bar, the

outlet of the toilet paper dispenser must be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the finish floor and

the top of the gripping surface of the grab bar must be 33 inches (840 mm) minimum and 36 inches

(915 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

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Figure 604.7 Dispenser Outlet Location

604.8 Toilet Compartments. Wheelchair accessible toilet compartments shall meet the requirements

of 604.8.1 and 604.8.3. Compartments containing more than one plumbing fixture shall comply with

603. Ambulatory accessible compartments shall comply with 604.8.2 and 604.8.3.

604.8.1 Wheelchair Accessible Compartments. Wheelchair accessible compartments shall comply

with 604.8.1.

604.8.1.1 Size. Wheelchair accessible compartments shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum

measured perpendicular to the side wall, and 56 inches (1420 mm) deep minimum for wall hung

water closets and 59 inches (1500 mm) deep minimum for floor mounted water closets measured

perpendicular to the rear wall. Wheelchair accessible compartments for children’s use shall be 60

inches (1525 mm) wide minimum measured perpendicular to the side wall, and 59 inches (1500 mm)

deep minimum for wall hung and floor mounted water closets measured perpendicular to the rear

wall.

Advisory 604.8.1.1 Size. The minimum space required in toilet compartments is provided so that a

person using a wheelchair can maneuver into position at the water closet. This space cannot be

obstructed by baby changing tables or other fixtures or conveniences, except as specified at 604.3.2

(Overlap). If toilet compartments are to be used to house fixtures other than those associated with the

water closet, they must be designed to exceed the minimum space requirements. Convenience

fixtures such as baby changing tables must also be accessible to people with disabilities as well as to

other users. Toilet compartments that are designed to meet, and not exceed, the minimum space

requirements may not provide adequate space for maneuvering into position at a baby changing

table.

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Figure 604.8.1.1 Size of Wheelchair Accessible Toilet Compartment

604.8.1.2 Doors. Toilet compartment doors, including door hardware, shall comply with 404 except

that if the approach is to the latch side of the compartment door, clearance between the door side of

the compartment and any obstruction shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum. Doors shall be located

in the front partition or in the side wall or partition farthest from the water closet. Where located in the

front partition, the door opening shall be 4 inches (100 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition

farthest from the water closet. Where located in the side wall or partition, the door opening shall be 4

inches (100 mm) maximum from the front partition. The door shall be self-closing. A door pull

complying with 404.2.7 shall be placed on both sides of the door near the latch. Toilet compartment

doors shall not swing into the minimum required compartment area.

Figure 604.8.1.2 Wheelchair Accessible Toilet Compartment Doors

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604.8.1.3 Approach. Compartments shall be arranged for left-hand or right-hand approach to the

water closet.

604.8.1.4 Toe Clearance. The front partition and at least one side partition shall provide a toe

clearance of 9 inches (230 mm) minimum above the finish floor and 6 inches (150 mm) deep

minimum beyond the compartment-side face of the partition, exclusive of partition support members.

Compartments for children’s use shall provide a toe clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) minimum above

the finish floor.

EXCEPTION: Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a compartment greater than 62

inches (1575 mm) deep with a wall-hung water closet or 65 inches (1650 mm) deep with a floor-

mounted water closet. Toe clearance at the side partition is not required in a compartment greater

than 66 inches (1675 mm) wide. Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a

compartment for children’s use that is greater than 65 inches (1650 mm) deep.

Figure 604.8.1.4 Wheelchair Accessible Toilet Compartment Toe Clearance

604.8.1.5 Grab Bars. Grab bars shall comply with 609. A side-wall grab bar complying with 604.5.1

shall be provided and shall be located on the wall closest to the water closet. In addition, a rear-wall

grab bar complying with 604.5.2 shall be provided.

604.8.2 Ambulatory Accessible Compartments. Ambulatory accessible compartments shall comply

with 604.8.2.

604.8.2.1 Size. Ambulatory accessible compartments shall have a depth of 60 inches (1525 mm)

minimum and a width of 35 inches (890 mm) minimum and 37 inches (940 mm) maximum.

604.8.2.2 Doors. Toilet compartment doors, including door hardware, shall comply with 404, except

that if the approach is to the latch side of the compartment door, clearance between the door side of

the compartment and any obstruction shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum. The door shall be self-

closing. A door pull complying with 404.2.7 shall be placed on both sides of the door near the latch.

Toilet compartment doors shall not swing into the minimum required compartment area.

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604.8.2.3 Grab Bars. Grab bars shall comply with 609. A side-wall grab bar complying with 604.5.1

shall be provided on both sides of the compartment.

Figure 604.8.2 Ambulatory Accessible Toilet Compartment

604.8.3 Coat Hooks and Shelves. Coat hooks shall be located within one of the reach ranges

specified in 308. Shelves shall be located 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm)

maximum above the finish floor.

604.9 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments for Children’s Use. Water closets and toilet

compartments for children’s use shall comply with 604.9.

Advisory 604.9 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments for Children’s Use. The requirements

in 604.9 are to be followed where the exception for children’s water closets in 604.1 is used. The

following table provides additional guidance in applying the specifications for water closets for

children according to the age group served and reflects the differences in the size, stature, and

reach ranges of children ages 3 through 12. The specifications chosen should correspond to the

age of the primary user group. The specifications of one age group should be applied consistently

in the installation of a water closet and related elements.

Advisory Specifications for Water Closets Serving Children Ages 3 through 12

Ages 3 and 4

Ages 5 through 8

Ages 9 through 12

12 inches

12 to 15 inches

15 to 18 inches

Water Closet Centerline

(305 mm)

(305 to 380 mm)

(380 to 455 mm)

11 to 12 inches

12 to 15 inches

15 to 17 inches

Toilet Seat Height

(280 to 305 mm)

(305 to 380 mm)

(380 to 430 mm)

18 to 20 inches

20 to 25 inches

25 to 27 inches

Grab Bar Height

(455 to 510 mm)

(510 to 635 mm)

(635 to 685 mm)

14 inches

14 to 17 inches

17 to 19 inches

Dispenser Height

(355 mm)

(355 to 430 mm)

(430 to 485 mm)

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604.9.1 Location. The water closet shall be located with a wall or partition to the rear and to one

side. The centerline of the water closet shall be 12 inches (305 mm) minimum and 18 inches (455

mm) maximum from the side wall or partition, except that the water closet shall be 17 inches (430

mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition in the ambulatory

accessible toilet compartment specified in 604.8.2. Compartments shall be arranged for left-hand or

right-hand approach to the water closet.

604.9.2 Clearance. Clearance around a water closet shall comply with 604.3.

604.9.3 Height. The height of water closets shall be 11 inches (280 mm) minimum and 17 inches

(430 mm) maximum measured to the top of the seat. Seats shall not be sprung to return to a lifted

position.

604.9.4 Grab Bars. Grab bars for water closets shall comply with 604.5.

604.9.5 Flush Controls. Flush controls shall be hand operated or automatic. Hand operated flush

controls shall comply with 309.2 and 309.4 and shall be installed 36 inches (915 mm) maximum

above the finish floor. Flush controls shall be located on the open side of the water closet except in

ambulatory accessible compartments complying with 604.8.2.

604.9.6 Dispensers. Toilet paper dispensers shall comply with 309.4 and shall be 7 inches (180 mm)

minimum and 9 inches (230 mm) maximum in front of the water closet measured to the centerline of

the dispenser. The outlet of the dispenser shall be 14 inches (355 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485

mm) maximum above the finish floor. There shall be a clearance of 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum

below the grab bar. Dispensers shall not be of a type that controls delivery or that does not allow

continuous paper flow.

604.9.7 Toilet Compartments. Toilet compartments shall comply with 604.8.

605 Urinals

605.1 General. Urinals shall comply with 605.

Advisory 605.1 General. Stall-type urinals provide greater accessibility for a broader range of

persons, including people of short stature.

605.2 Height and Depth. Urinals shall be the stall-type or the wall-hung type with the rim 17 inches

(430 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Urinals shall be 13 1/2 inches (345 mm) deep

minimum measured from the outer face of the urinal rim to the back of the fixture.

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Figure 605.2 Height and Depth of Urinals

605.3 Clear Floor Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 positioned for forward

approach shall be provided.

605.4 Flush Controls. Flush controls shall be hand operated or automatic. Hand operated flush

controls shall comply with 309.

606 Lavatories and Sinks

606.1 General. Lavatories and sinks shall comply with 606.

Advisory 606.1 General. If soap and towel dispensers are provided, they must be located within the

reach ranges specified in 308. Locate soap and towel dispensers so that they are conveniently usable

by a person at the accessible lavatory.

606.2 Clear Floor Space. A clear floor space complying with 305, positioned for a forward approach,

and knee and toe clearance complying with 306 shall be provided.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. A parallel approach complying with 305 shall be permitted to a kitchen sink in a space where a

cook top or conventional range is not provided and to wet bars.

2. A lavatory in a toilet room or bathing facility for a single occupant accessed only through a private

office and not for common use or public use shall not be required to provide knee and toe clearance

complying with 306.

3. In residential dwelling units, cabinetry shall be permitted under lavatories and kitchen sinks

provided that all of the following conditions are met:

(a) the cabinetry can be removed without removal or replacement of the fixture;

(b) the finish floor extends under the cabinetry; and

(c) the walls behind and surrounding the cabinetry are finished.

4. A knee clearance of 24 inches (610 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground shall be

permitted at lavatories and sinks used primarily by children 6 through 12 years where the rim or

counter surface is 31 inches (785 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

5. A parallel approach complying with 305 shall be permitted to lavatories and sinks used primarily

by children 5 years and younger.

6. The dip of the overflow shall not be considered in determining knee and toe clearances.

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7. No more than one bowl of a multi-bowl sink shall be required to provide knee and toe clearance

complying with 306.

606.3 Height. Lavatories and sinks shall be installed with the front of the higher of the rim or counter

surface 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. A lavatory in a toilet or bathing facility for a single occupant accessed only through a private

office and not for common use or public use shall not be required to comply with 606.3.

2. In residential dwelling unit kitchens, sinks that are adjustable to variable heights, 29 inches (735

mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum, shall be permitted where rough-in plumbing

permits connections of supply and drain pipes for sinks mounted at the height of 29 inches (735

mm).

606.4 Faucets. Controls for faucets shall comply with 309. Hand-operated metering faucets shall

remain open for 10 seconds minimum.

606.5 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces. Water supply and drain pipes under lavatories and sinks shall

be insulated or otherwise configured to protect against contact. There shall be no sharp or abrasive

surfaces under lavatories and sinks

607 Bathtubs

607.1 General. Bathtubs shall comply with 607.

607.2 Clearance. Clearance in front of bathtubs shall extend the length of the bathtub and shall be 30

inches (760 mm) wide minimum. A lavatory complying with 606 shall be permitted at the control end

of the clearance. Where a permanent seat is provided at the head end of the bathtub, the clearance

shall extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the wall at the head end of the bathtub.

Figure 607.2 Clearance for Bathtubs

607.3 Seat. A permanent seat at the head end of the bathtub or a removable in-tub seat shall be

provided. Seats shall comply with 610.

607.4 Grab Bars. Grab bars for bathtubs shall comply with 609 and shall be provided in accordance

with 607.4.1 or 607.4.2.

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EXCEPTIONS:

1. Grab bars shall not be required to be installed in a bathtub located in a bathing facility for a single

occupant accessed only through a private office and not for common use or public use provided

that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to permit the installation of grab

bars complying with 607.4.

2. In residential dwelling units, grab bars shall not be required to be installed in bathtubs located in

bathing facilities provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to permit

the installation of grab bars complying with 607.4.

607.4.1 Bathtubs With Permanent Seats. For bathtubs with permanent seats, grab bars shall be

provided in accordance with 607.4.1.

607.4.1.1 Back Wall. Two grab bars shall be installed on the back wall, one located in accordance

with 609.4 and the other located 8 inches (205 mm) minimum and 10 inches (255 mm) maximum

above the rim of the bathtub. Each grab bar shall be installed 15 inches (380 mm) maximum from the

head end wall and 12 inches (305 mm) maximum from the control end wall.

607.4.1.2 Control End Wall. A grab bar 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum shall be installed on the

control end wall at the front edge of the bathtub.

Figure 607.4.1 Grab Bars for Bathtubs with Permanent Seats

607.4.2 Bathtubs Without Permanent Seats. For bathtubs without permanent seats, grab bars shall

comply with 607.4.2.

607.4.2.1 Back Wall. Two grab bars shall be installed on the back wall, one located in accordance

with 609.4 and other located 8 inches (205 mm) minimum and 10 inches (255 mm) maximum above

the rim of the bathtub. Each grab bar shall be 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum and shall be

installed 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the head end wall and 12 inches (305 mm) maximum

from the control end wall.

607.4.2.2 Control End Wall. A grab bar 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum shall be installed on the

control end wall at the front edge of the bathtub.

607.4.2.3 Head End Wall. A grab bar 12 inches (305 mm) long minimum shall be installed on the

head end wall at the front edge of the bathtub.

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Figure 607.4.2 Grab Bars for Bathtubs with Removable In-Tub Seats

607.5 Controls. Controls, other than drain stoppers, shall be located on an end wall. Controls shall

be between the bathtub rim and grab bar, and between the open side of the bathtub and the

centerline of the width of the bathtub. Controls shall comply with 309.4.

Figure 607.5 Bathtub Control Location

607.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water. A shower spray unit with a hose 59 inches (1500 mm) long

minimum that can be used both as a fixed-position shower head and as a hand-held shower shall be

provided. The shower spray unit shall have an on/off control with a non-positive shut-off. If an

adjustable-height shower head on a vertical bar is used, the bar shall be installed so as not to

obstruct the use of grab bars. Bathtub shower spray units shall deliver water that is 120°F (49°C)

maximum.

Advisory 607.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water. Ensure that hand-held shower spray units are

capable of delivering water pressure substantially equivalent to fixed shower heads.

607.7 Bathtub Enclosures. Enclosures for bathtubs shall not obstruct controls, faucets, shower and

spray units or obstruct transfer from wheelchairs onto bathtub seats or into bathtubs. Enclosures on

bathtubs shall not have tracks installed on the rim of the open face of the bathtub.

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608 Shower Compartments

608.1 General. Shower compartments shall comply with 608.

Advisory 608.1 General. Shower stalls that are 60 inches (1525 mm) wide and have no curb may

increase the usability of a bathroom because the shower area provides additional maneuvering

space.

608.2 Size and Clearances for Shower Compartments. Shower compartments shall have sizes

and clearances complying with 608.2.

608.2.1 Transfer Type Shower Compartments. Transfer type shower compartments shall be

36 inches (915 mm) by 36 inches (915 mm) clear inside dimensions measured at the center

points of opposing sides and shall have a 36 inch (915 mm) wide minimum entry on the face of

the shower compartment. Clearance of 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum by 48 inches (1220

mm) long minimum measured from the control wall shall be provided.

Figure 608.2.1 Transfer Type Shower Compartment Size and Clearance

608.2.2 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. Standard roll-in type shower compartments

shall be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm) deep minimum clear inside

dimensions measured at center points of opposing sides and shall have a 60 inches (1525 mm) wide

minimum entry on the face of the shower compartment.

608.2.2.1 Clearance. A 30 inch (760 mm) wide minimum by 60 inch (1525 mm) long minimum

clearance shall be provided adjacent to the open face of the shower compartment.

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EXCEPTION: A lavatory complying with 606 shall be permitted on one 30 inch (760 mm) wide

minimum side of the clearance provided that it is not on the side of the clearance adjacent to the

controls or, where provided, not on the side of the clearance adjacent to the shower seat.

Figure 608.2.2 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartment Size and Clearance

608.2.3 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. Alternate roll-in type shower compartments

shall be 36 inches (915 mm) wide and 60 inches (1525 mm) deep minimum clear inside dimensions

measured at center points of opposing sides. A 36 inch (915 mm) wide minimum entry shall be

provided at one end of the long side of the compartment.

Figure 608.2.3 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartment

Size and Clearance

608.3 Grab Bars. Grab bars shall comply with 609 and shall be provided in accordance with 608.3.

Where multiple grab bars are used, required horizontal grab bars shall be installed at the same height

above the finish floor.

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EXCEPTIONS:

1. Grab bars shall not be required to be installed in a shower located in a bathing facility for a single

occupant accessed only through a private office, and not for common use or public use provided

that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to permit the installation of grab

bars complying with 608.3.

2. In residential dwelling units, grab bars shall not be required to be installed in showers located in

bathing facilities provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to permit

the installation of grab bars complying with 608.3.

608.3.1 Transfer Type Shower Compartments. In transfer type compartments, grab bars shall be

provided across the control wall and back wall to a point 18 inches (455 mm) from the control wall.

Figure 608.3.1 Grab Bars for Transfer Type Showers

608.3.2 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. Where a seat is provided in standard roll-in

type shower compartments, grab bars shall be provided on the back wall and the side wall opposite

the seat. Grab bars shall not be provided above the seat. Where a seat is not provided in standard

roll-in type shower compartments, grab bars shall be provided on three walls. Grab bars shall be

installed 6 inches (150 mm) maximum from adjacent walls.

Figure 608.3.2 Grab Bars for Standard Roll-In Type Showers

608.3.3 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. In alternate roll-in type shower

compartments, grab bars shall be provided on the back wall and the side wall farthest from the

compartment entry. Grab bars shall not be provided above the seat. Grab bars shall be installed 6

inches (150 mm) maximum from adjacent walls.

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2012 Texas Accessibility Standards ● Effective March 15, 2012 ● Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation

Figure 608.3.3 Grab Bars for Alternate Roll-In Type Showers

608.4 Seats. A folding or non-folding seat shall be provided in transfer type shower compartments. A

folding seat shall be provided in roll-in type showers required in transient lodging guest rooms with

mobility features complying with 806.2. Seats shall comply with 610.

EXCEPTION: In residential dwelling units, seats shall not be required in transfer type shower

compartments provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls so as to permit the

installation of seats complying with 608.4.

608.5 Controls. Controls, faucets, and shower spray units shall comply with 309.4.

608.5.1 Transfer Type Shower Compartments. In transfer type shower compartments, the controls,

faucets, and shower spray unit shall be installed on the side wall opposite the seat 38 inches (965

mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the shower floor and shall be located on

the control wall 15 inches (380 mm) maximum from the centerline of the seat toward the shower

opening.

Figure 608.5.1 Transfer Type Shower Compartment Control Location

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608.5.2 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. In standard roll-in type shower

compartments, the controls, faucets, and shower spray unit shall be located above the grab bar, but

no higher than 48 inches (1220 mm) above the shower floor. Where a seat is provided, the controls,

faucets, and shower spray unit shall be installed on the back wall adjacent to the seat wall and shall

be located 27 inches (685 mm) maximum from the seat wall.

Advisory 608.5.2 Standard Roll-in Type Shower Compartments. In standard roll-in type showers

without seats, the shower head and operable parts can be located on any of the three walls of the

shower without adversely affecting accessibility.

Figure 608.5.2 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartment Control Location

608.5.3 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartments. In alternate roll-in type shower

compartments, the controls, faucets, and shower spray unit shall be located above the grab bar, but

no higher than 48 inches (1220 mm) above the shower floor. Where a seat is provided, the controls,

faucets, and shower spray unit shall be located on the side wall adjacent to the seat 27 inches (685

mm) maximum from the side wall behind the seat or shall be located on the back wall opposite the

seat 15 inches (380 mm) maximum, left or right, of the centerline of the seat. Where a seat is not

provided, the controls, faucets, and shower spray unit shall be installed on the side wall farthest from

the compartment entry.

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Figure 608.5.3 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartment Control Location

608.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water. A shower spray unit with a hose 59 inches (1500 mm) long

minimum that can be used both as a fixed-position shower head and as a hand-held shower shall be

provided. The shower spray unit shall have an on/off control with a non-positive shut-off. If an

adjustable-height shower head on a vertical bar is used, the bar shall be installed so as not to

obstruct the use of grab bars. Shower spray units shall deliver water that is 120°F (49°C) maximum.

EXCEPTION: A fixed shower head located at 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the shower

finish floor shall be permitted instead of a hand-held spray unit in facilities that are not medical care

facilities, long-term care facilities, transient lodging guest rooms, or residential dwelling units.

Advisory 608.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water. Ensure that hand-held shower spray units are

capable of delivering water pressure substantially equivalent to fixed shower heads.

608.7 Thresholds. Thresholds in roll-in type shower compartments shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) high

maximum in accordance with 303. In transfer type shower compartments, thresholds 1/2 inch (13

mm) high maximum shall be beveled, rounded, or vertical.

EXCEPTION: A threshold 2 inches (51 mm) high maximum shall be permitted in transfer type

shower compartments in existing facilities where provision of a 1/2 inch (13 mm) high threshold

would disturb the structural reinforcement of the floor slab.

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608.8 Shower Enclosures. Enclosures for shower compartments shall not obstruct controls, faucets,

and shower spray units or obstruct transfer from wheelchairs onto shower seats.

609 Grab Bars

609.1 General. Grab bars in toilet facilities and bathing facilities shall comply with 609.

609.2 Cross Section. Grab bars shall have a cross section complying with 609.2.1 or 609.2.2.

609.2.1 Circular Cross Section. Grab bars with circular cross sections shall have an outside

diameter of 1 1/4 inches (32 mm) minimum and 2 inches (51 mm) maximum.

609.2.2 Non-Circular Cross Section. Grab bars with non-circular cross sections shall have a cross-

section dimension of 2 inches (51 mm) maximum and a perimeter dimension of 4 inches (100 mm)

minimum and 4.8 inches (120 mm) maximum.

Figure 609.2.2 Grab Bar Non-Circular Cross Section

609.3 Spacing. The space between the wall and the grab bar shall be 1 1/2 inches (38 mm). The

space between the grab bar and projecting objects below and at the ends shall be 1 1/2 inches (38

mm) minimum. The space between the grab bar and projecting objects above shall be 12 inches (305

mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: The space between the grab bars and shower controls, shower fittings, and other

grab bars above shall be permitted to be 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum.

Figure 609.3 Spacing of Grab Bars

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609.4 Position of Grab Bars. Grab bars shall be installed in a horizontal position, 33 inches (840

mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish floor measured to the top of the

gripping surface, except that at water closets for children’s use complying with 604.9, grab bars shall

be installed in a horizontal position 18 inches (455 mm) minimum and 27 inches (685 mm) maximum

above the finish floor measured to the top of the gripping surface. The height of the lower grab bar on

the back wall of a bathtub shall comply with 607.4.1.1 or 607.4.2.1.

609.5 Surface Hazards. Grab bars and any wall or other surfaces adjacent to grab bars shall be free

of sharp or abrasive elements and shall have rounded edges.

609.6 Fittings. Grab bars shall not rotate within their fittings.

609.7 Installation. Grab bars shall be installed in any manner that provides a gripping surface at the

specified locations and that does not obstruct the required clear floor space.

609.8 Structural Strength. Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a

vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the grab bar, fastener,

mounting device, or supporting structure.

610 Seats

610.1 General. Seats in bathtubs and shower compartments shall comply with 610.

610.2 Bathtub Seats. The top of bathtub seats shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches

(485 mm) maximum above the bathroom finish floor. The depth of a removable in-tub seat shall be 15

inches (380 mm) minimum and 16 inches (405 mm) maximum. The seat shall be capable of secure

placement. Permanent seats at the head end of the bathtub shall be 15 inches (380 mm) deep

minimum and shall extend from the back wall to or beyond the outer edge of the bathtub.

Figure 610.2 Bathtub Seats

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610.3 Shower Compartment Seats. Where a seat is provided in a standard roll-in shower

compartment, it shall be a folding type, shall be installed on the side wall adjacent to the controls, and

shall extend from the back wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry. Where a

seat is provided in an alternate roll-in type shower compartment, it shall be a folding type, shall be

installed on the front wall opposite the back wall, and shall extend from the adjacent side wall to a

point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry. In transfer-type showers, the seat shall

extend from the back wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry. The top of the

seat shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the bathroom

finish floor. Seats shall comply with 610.3.1 or 610.3.2.

Figure 610.3 Extent of Seat

610.3.1 Rectangular Seats. The rear edge of a rectangular seat shall be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm)

maximum and the front edge 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 16 inches (405 mm) maximum from

the seat wall. The side edge of the seat shall be 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) maximum from the adjacent

wall.

Figure 610.3.1 Rectangular Shower Seat

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610.3.2 L-Shaped Seats. The rear edge of an L-shaped seat shall be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm)

maximum and the front edge 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 16 inches (405 mm) maximum from

the seat wall. The rear edge of the “L” portion of the seat shall be 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) maximum

from the wall and the front edge shall be 14 inches (355 mm) minimum and 15 inches (380 mm)

maximum from the wall. The end of the “L” shall be 22 inches (560 mm) minimum and 23 inches

maximum (585 mm) from the main seat wall.

Figure 610.3.2 L-Shaped Shower Seat

610.4 Structural Strength. Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a

vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the seat, fastener,

mounting device, or supporting structure.

611 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers

611.1 General. Washing machines and clothes dryers shall comply with 611.

611.2 Clear Floor Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 positioned for parallel

approach shall be provided. The clear floor or ground space shall be centered on the appliance.

611.3 Operable Parts. Operable parts, including doors, lint screens, and detergent and bleach

compartments shall comply with 309.

611.4 Height. Top loading machines shall have the door to the laundry compartment located 36

inches (915 mm) maximum above the finish floor. Front loading machines shall have the bottom of

the opening to the laundry compartment located 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 36 inches (915

mm) maximum above the finish floor.

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Figure 611.4 Height of Laundry Compartment Opening

612 Saunas and Steam Rooms

612.1 General. Saunas and steam rooms shall comply with 612.

612.2 Bench. Where seating is provided in saunas and steam rooms, at least one bench shall

comply with 903. Doors shall not swing into the clear floor space required by 903.2.

EXCEPTION: A readily removable bench shall be permitted to obstruct the turning space required

by 612.3 and the clear floor or ground space required by 903.2.

612.3 Turning Space. A turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within saunas and

steam rooms.

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CHAPTER 7: COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES

701 General

701.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 7 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

702 Fire Alarm Systems

702.1 General. Fire alarm systems shall have permanently installed audible and visible alarms

complying with NFPA 72 (1999 or 2002 edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced

Standards” in Chapter 1), except that the maximum allowable sound level of audible notification

appliances complying with section 4-3.2.1 of NFPA 72 (1999 edition) shall have a sound level no

more than 110 dB at the minimum hearing distance from the audible appliance. In addition, alarms in

guest rooms required to provide communication features shall comply with sections 4-3 and 4-4 of

NFPA 72 (1999 edition) or sections 7.4 and 7.5 of NFPA 72 (2002 edition).

EXCEPTION: Fire alarm systems in medical care facilities shall be permitted to be provided in

accordance with industry practice.

703 Signs

703.1 General. Signs shall comply with 703. Where both visual and tactile characters are required,

either one sign with both visual and tactile characters, or two separate signs, one with visual, and one

with tactile characters, shall be provided.

703.2 Raised Characters. Raised characters shall comply with 703.2 and shall be duplicated in

braille complying with 703.3. Raised characters shall be installed in accordance with 703.4.

Advisory 703.2 Raised Characters. Signs that are designed to be read by touch should not have

sharp or abrasive edges.

703.2.1 Depth. Raised characters shall be 1/32 inch (0.8 mm) minimum above their background.

703.2.2 Case. Characters shall be uppercase.

703.2.3 Style. Characters shall be sans serif. Characters shall not be italic, oblique, script, highly

decorative, or of other unusual forms.

703.2.4 Character Proportions. Characters shall be selected from fonts where the width of the

uppercase letter “O” is 55 percent minimum and 110 percent maximum of the height of the uppercase

letter “I”.

703.2.5 Character Height. Character height measured vertically from the baseline of the character

shall be 5/8 inch (16 mm) minimum and 2 inches (51 mm) maximum based on the height of the

uppercase letter “I”.

EXCEPTION: Where separate raised and visual characters with the same information are provided,

raised character height shall be permitted to be 1/2 inch (13 mm) minimum.

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Figure 703.2.5 Height of Raised Characters

703.2.6 Stroke Thickness. Stroke thickness of the uppercase letter “I” shall be 15 percent maximum

of the height of the character.

703.2.7 Character Spacing. Character spacing shall be measured between the two closest points of

adjacent raised characters within a message, excluding word spaces. Where characters have

rectangular cross sections, spacing between individual raised characters shall be 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)

minimum and 4 times the raised character stroke width maximum. Where characters have other cross

sections, spacing between individual raised characters shall be 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) minimum and 4

times the raised character stroke width maximum at the base of the cross sections, and 1/8 inch (3.2

mm) minimum and 4 times the raised character stroke width maximum at the top of the cross

sections. Characters shall be separated from raised borders and decorative elements 3/8 inch (9.5

mm) minimum.

703.2.8 Line Spacing. Spacing between the baselines of separate lines of raised characters within a

message shall be 135 percent minimum and 170 percent maximum of the raised character height.

703.3 Braille. Braille shall be contracted (Grade 2) and shall comply with 703.3 and 703.4.

703.3.1 Dimensions and Capitalization. Braille dots shall have a domed or rounded shape and shall

comply with Table 703.3.1. The indication of an uppercase letter or letters shall only be used before

the first word of sentences, proper nouns and names, individual letters of the alphabet, initials, and

acronyms.

Table 703.3.1 Braille Dimensions

Minimum in Inches

Measurement Range

Maximum in Inches

Dot base diameter

0.059 (1.5 mm) to 0.063 (1.6 mm)

Distance between two dots in the same cell¹

0.090 (2.3 mm) to 0.100 (2.5 mm)

Distance between corresponding dots

0.241 (6.1mm) to 0.300 (7.6mm)

in adjacent cells¹

Dot height

0.025 (0.6mm) to 0.037 (0.9mm)

Distance between corresponding dots

0.395 (10 mm) to 0.400 (10.2 mm)

from one cell directly below¹

1. Measured center to center.

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Figure 703.3.1 Braille Measurement

703.3.2 Position. Braille shall be positioned below the corresponding text. If text is multi-lined, braille

shall be placed below the entire text. Braille shall be separated 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) minimum from any

other tactile characters and 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) minimum from raised borders and decorative elements.

EXCEPTION: Braille provided on elevator car controls shall be separated 3/16 inch (4.8 mm)

minimum and shall be located either directly below or adjacent to the corresponding raised

characters or symbols.

Figure 703.3.2 Position of Braille

703.4 Installation Height and Location. Signs with tactile characters shall comply with 703.4.

703.4.1 Height Above Finish Floor or Ground. Tactile characters on signs shall be located 48

inches (1220 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground surface, measured from the baseline of

the lowest tactile character and 60 inches (1525 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground

surface, measured from the baseline of the highest tactile character.

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EXCEPTION: Tactile characters for elevator car controls shall not be required to comply with

703.4.1.

Figure 703.4.1 Height of Tactile Characters Above Finish Floor or Ground

703.4.2 Location. Where a tactile sign is provided at a door, the sign shall be located alongside the

door at the latch side. Where a tactile sign is provided at double doors with one active leaf, the sign

shall be located on the inactive leaf. Where a tactile sign is provided at double doors with two active

leafs, the sign shall be located to the right of the right hand door. Where there is no wall space at the

latch side of a single door or at the right side of double doors, signs shall be located on the nearest

adjacent wall. Signs containing tactile characters shall be located so that a clear floor space of 18

inches (455 mm) minimum by 18 inches (455 mm) minimum, centered on the tactile characters, is

provided beyond the arc of any door swing between the closed position and 45 degree open position.

EXCEPTION: Signs with tactile characters shall be permitted on the push side of doors with closers

and without hold-open devices.

Figure 703.4.2 Location of Tactile Signs at Doors

703.5 Visual Characters. Visual characters shall comply with 703.5.

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EXCEPTION: Where visual characters comply with 703.2 and are accompanied by braille

complying with 703.3, they shall not be required to comply with 703.5.2 through 703.5.9.

703.5.1 Finish and Contrast. Characters and their background shall have a non-glare finish.

Characters shall contrast with their background with either light characters on a dark background or

dark characters on a light background.

Advisory 703.5.1 Finish and Contrast. Signs are more legible for persons with low vision when

characters contrast as much as possible with their background. Additional factors affecting the ease

with which the text can be distinguished from its background include shadows cast by lighting

sources, surface glare, and the uniformity of the text and its background colors and textures.

703.5.2 Case. Characters shall be uppercase or lowercase or a combination of both.

703.5.3 Style. Characters shall be conventional in form. Characters shall not be italic, oblique, script,

highly decorative, or of other unusual forms.

703.5.4 Character Proportions. Characters shall be selected from fonts where the width of the

uppercase letter “O” is 55 percent minimum and 110 percent maximum of the height of the uppercase

letter “I”.

703.5.5 Character Height. Minimum character height shall comply with Table 703.5.5. Viewing

distance shall be measured as the horizontal distance between the character and an obstruction

preventing further approach towards the sign. Character height shall be based on the uppercase

letter “I”.

Table 703.5.5 Visual Character Height

Height to

Horizontal

Finish Floor or Ground

Minimum Character Height

Viewing Distance

From Baseline of Character

less than 72 inches

5/8 inch (16 mm)

40 inches (1015 mm) to less

(1830 mm)

than or equal to 70 inches

5/8 inch (16 mm), plus 1/8 inch

72 inches (1830 mm)

(1780 mm)

(3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing

or greater

distance from 72 inches (1830 mm)

greater than 70 inches

2 inches (51 mm), plus 1/8 inch

180 inches (4580 mm)

(1780 mm) to less than or

(3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing

and greater

equal to 120 inches (3050 mm)

distance above 180 inches (4570 mm)

less than 21 feet

3 inches (75 mm)

(6400 mm)

Greater than 120 inches

3 inches (75 mm), plus 1/8 inch

(3050 mm)

21 feet (6400 mm) and

(3.2 mm) per foot (305 mm) of viewing

greater

distance above 21 feet (6400 mm)

703.5.6 Height From Finish Floor or Ground. Visual characters shall be 40 inches (1015 mm)

minimum above the finish floor or ground.

EXCEPTION: Visual characters indicating elevator car controls shall not be required to comply with

703.5.6.

703.5.7 Stroke Thickness. Stroke thickness of the uppercase letter “I” shall be 10 percent minimum

and 30 percent maximum of the height of the character.

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703.5.8 Character Spacing. Character spacing shall be measured between the two closest points of

adjacent characters, excluding word spaces. Spacing between individual characters shall be 10

percent minimum and 35 percent maximum of character height.

703.5.9 Line Spacing. Spacing between the baselines of separate lines of characters within a

message shall be 135 percent minimum and 170 percent maximum of the character height.

703.6 Pictograms. Pictograms shall comply with 703.6.

703.6.1 Pictogram Field. Pictograms shall have a field height of 6 inches (150 mm) minimum.

Characters and braille shall not be located in the pictogram field.

Figure 703.6.1 Pictogram Field

703.6.2 Finish and Contrast. Pictograms and their field shall have a non-glare finish. Pictograms

shall contrast with their field with either a light pictogram on a dark field or a dark pictogram on a light

field.

Advisory 703.6.2 Finish and Contrast. Signs are more legible for persons with low vision when

characters contrast as much as possible with their background. Additional factors affecting the ease

with which the text can be distinguished from its background include shadows cast by lighting

sources, surface glare, and the uniformity of the text and background colors and textures.

703.6.3 Text Descriptors. Pictograms shall have text descriptors located directly below the

pictogram field. Text descriptors shall comply with 703.2, 703.3 and 703.4.

703.7 Symbols of Accessibility. Symbols of accessibility shall comply with 703.7.

703.7.1 Finish and Contrast. Symbols of accessibility and their background shall have a non-glare

finish. Symbols of accessibility shall contrast with their background with either a light symbol on a

dark background or a dark symbol on a light background.

Advisory 703.7.1 Finish and Contrast. Signs are more legible for persons with low vision when

characters contrast as much as possible with their background. Additional factors affecting the ease

with which the text can be distinguished from its background include shadows cast by lighting

sources, surface glare, and the uniformity of the text and background colors and textures.

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703.7.2 Symbols.

703.7.2.1 International Symbol of Accessibility. The International Symbol of Accessibility shall

comply with Figure 703.7.2.1.

Figure 703.7.2.1 International Symbol of Accessibility

703.7.2.2 International Symbol of TTY. The International Symbol of TTY shall comply with Figure

703.7.2.2.

Figure 703.7.2.2 International Symbol of TTY

703.7.2.3 Volume Control Telephones. Telephones with a volume control shall be identified by a

pictogram of a telephone handset with radiating sound waves on a square field such as shown in

Figure 703.7.2.3.

Figure 703.7.2.3 Volume Control Telephone

703.7.2.4 Assistive Listening Systems. Assistive listening systems shall be identified by the

International Symbol of Access for Hearing Loss complying with Figure 703.7.2.4.

Figure 703.7.2.4 International Symbol of Access for Hearing Loss

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704 Telephones

704.1 General. Public telephones shall comply with 704.

704.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones. Wheelchair accessible telephones shall comply with

704.2.

704.2.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided. The clear floor or ground space shall not be obstructed by bases, enclosures, or seats.

Advisory 704.2.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. Because clear floor and ground space is required

to be unobstructed, telephones, enclosures and related telephone book storage cannot encroach on

the required clear floor or ground space and must comply with the provisions for protruding objects.

(See Section 307).

704.2.1.1 Parallel Approach. Where a parallel approach is provided, the distance from the edge of

the telephone enclosure to the face of the telephone unit shall be 10 inches (255 mm) maximum.

Figure 704.2.1.1 Parallel Approach to Telephone

704.2.1.2 Forward Approach. Where a forward approach is provided, the distance from the front

edge of a counter within the telephone enclosure to the face of the telephone unit shall be 20 inches

(510 mm) maximum.

Figure 704.2.1.2 Forward Approach to Telephone

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704.2.2 Operable Parts. Operable parts shall comply with 309. Telephones shall have push-button

controls where such service is available.

704.2.3 Telephone Directories. Telephone directories, where provided, shall be located in

accordance with 309.

704.2.4 Cord Length. The cord from the telephone to the handset shall be 29 inches (735 mm) long

minimum.

704.3 Volume Control Telephones. Public telephones required to have volume controls shall be

equipped with a receive volume control that provides a gain adjustable up to 20 dB minimum. For

incremental volume control, provide at least one intermediate step of 12 dB of gain minimum. An

automatic reset shall be provided.

Advisory 704.3 Volume Control Telephones. Amplifiers on pay phones are located in the base or

the handset or are built into the telephone. Most are operated by pressing a button or key. If the

microphone in the handset is not being used, a mute button that temporarily turns off the microphone

can also reduce the amount of background noise which the person hears in the earpiece. If a volume

adjustment is provided that allows the user to set the level anywhere from the base volume to the

upper requirement of 20 dB, there is no need to specify a lower limit. If a stepped volume control is

provided, one of the intermediate levels must provide 12 dB of gain. Consider compatibility issues

when matching an amplified handset with a phone or phone system. Amplified handsets that can be

switched with pay telephone handsets are available. Portable and in-line amplifiers can be used with

some phones but are not practical at most public phones covered by these requirements.

704.4 TTYs. TTYs required at a public pay telephone shall be permanently affixed within, or adjacent

to, the telephone enclosure. Where an acoustic coupler is used, the telephone cord shall be

sufficiently long to allow connection of the TTY and the telephone receiver.

Advisory 704.4 TTYs. Ensure that sufficient electrical service is available where TTYs are to be

installed.

704.4.1 Height. When in use, the touch surface of TTY keypads shall be 34 inches (865 mm)

minimum above the finish floor.

EXCEPTION: Where seats are provided, TTYs shall not be required to comply with 704.4.1.

Advisory 704.4.1 Height. A telephone with a TTY installed underneath cannot also be a wheelchair

accessible telephone because the required 34 inches (865 mm) minimum keypad height can causes

the highest operable part of the telephone, usually the coin slot, to exceed the maximum permitted

side and forward reach ranges. (See Section 308).

Advisory 704.4.1 Height Exception. While seats are not required at TTYs, reading and typing at a

TTY is more suited to sitting than standing. Facilities that often provide seats at TTY’s include, but are

not limited to, airports and other passenger terminals or stations, courts, art galleries, and convention

centers.

704.5 TTY Shelf. Public pay telephones required to accommodate portable TTYs shall be equipped

with a shelf and an electrical outlet within or adjacent to the telephone enclosure. The telephone

handset shall be capable of being placed flush on the surface of the shelf. The shelf shall be capable

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of accommodating a TTY and shall have 6 inches (150 mm) minimum vertical clearance above the

area where the TTY is to be placed.

705 Detectable Warnings

705.1 General. Detectable warnings shall consist of a surface of truncated domes and shall comply

with 705.

705.1.1 Dome Size. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a base diameter of

0.9 inch (23 mm) minimum and 1.4 inches (36 mm) maximum, a top diameter of 50 percent of the

base diameter minimum to 65 percent of the base diameter maximum, and a height of 0.2 inch (5.1

mm).

705.1.2 Dome Spacing. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a center-to-

center spacing of 1.6 inches (41 mm) minimum and 2.4 inches (61 mm) maximum, and a base-to-

base spacing of 0.65 inch (17 mm) minimum, measured between the most adjacent domes on a

square grid.

705.1.3 Contrast. Detectable warning surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent walking surfaces

either light-on-dark, or dark-on-light.

Figure 705.1 Size and Spacing of Truncated Domes

705.2 Platform Edges. Detectable warning surfaces at platform boarding edges shall be 24 inches

(610 mm) wide and shall extend the full length of the public use areas of the platform.

706 Assistive Listening Systems

706.1 General. Assistive listening systems required in assembly areas shall comply with 706.

Advisory 706.1 General. Assistive listening systems are generally categorized by their mode of

transmission. There are hard-wired systems and three types of wireless systems: induction loop,

infrared, and FM radio transmission. Each has different advantages and disadvantages that can help

determine which system is best for a given application. For example, an FM system may be better

than an infrared system in some open-air assemblies since infrared signals are less effective in

sunlight. On the other hand, an infrared system is typically a better choice than an FM system where

confidential transmission is important because it will be contained within a given space.

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Advisory 706.1 General (Continued). The technical standards for assistive listening systems

describe minimum performance levels for volume, interference, and distortion. Sound pressure levels

(SPL), expressed in decibels, measure output sound volume. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or S/N), also

expressed in decibels, represents the relationship between the loudness of a desired sound (the

signal) and the background noise in a space or piece of equipment. The higher the SNR, the more

intelligible the signal. The peak clipping level limits the distortion in signal output produced when high-

volume sound waves are manipulated to serve assistive listening devices.

Selecting or specifying an effective assistive listening system for a large or complex venue requires

assistance from a professional sound engineer. The Access Board has published technical

assistance on assistive listening devices and systems.

706.2 Receiver Jacks. Receivers required for use with an assistive listening system shall include a

1/8 inch (3.2 mm) standard mono jack.

706.3 Receiver Hearing-Aid Compatibility. Receivers required to be hearing-aid compatible shall

interface with telecoils in hearing aids through the provision of neckloops.

Advisory 706.3 Receiver Hearing-Aid Compatibility. Neckloops and headsets that can be worn as

neckloops are compatible with hearing aids. Receivers that are not compatible include earbuds,

which may require removal of hearing aids, earphones, and headsets that must be worn over the ear,

which can create disruptive interference in the transmission and can be uncomfortable for people

wearing hearing aids.

706.4 Sound Pressure Level. Assistive listening systems shall be capable of providing a sound

pressure level of 110 dB minimum and 118 dB maximum with a dynamic range on the volume control

of 50 dB.

706.5 Signal-to-Noise Ratio. The signal-to-noise ratio for internally generated noise in assistive

listening systems shall be 18 dB minimum.

706.6 Peak Clipping Level. Peak clipping shall not exceed 18 dB of clipping relative to the peaks of

speech.

707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines

Advisory 707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines. Interactive transaction machines

(ITMs), other than ATMs, are not covered by Section 707. However, for entities covered by the ADA,

the Department of Justice regulations that implement the ADA provide additional guidance regarding

the relationship between these requirements and elements that are not directly addressed by these

requirements. Federal procurement law requires that ITMs purchased by the Federal government

comply with standards issued by the Access Board under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of

1973, as amended. This law covers a variety of products, including computer hardware and software,

websites, phone systems, fax machines, copiers, and similar technologies. For more information on

Section 508 consult the Access Board’s website at www.access-board.gov.

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707.1 General. Automatic teller machines and fare machines shall comply with 707.

Advisory 707.1 General. If farecards have one tactually distinctive corner they can be inserted with

greater accuracy. Token collection devices that are designed to accommodate tokens which are

perforated can allow a person to distinguish more readily between tokens and common coins. Place

accessible gates and fare vending machines in close proximity to other accessible elements when

feasible so the facility is easier to use.

707.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided.

EXCEPTION: Clear floor or ground space shall not be required at drive-up only automatic teller

machines and fare machines.

707.3 Operable Parts. Operable parts shall comply with 309. Unless a clear or correct key is

provided, each operable part shall be able to be differentiated by sound or touch, without activation.

EXCEPTION: Drive-up only automatic teller machines and fare machines shall not be required to

comply with 309.2 and 309.3.

707.4 Privacy. Automatic teller machines shall provide the opportunity for the same degree of privacy

of input and output available to all individuals.

Advisory 707.4 Privacy. In addition to people who are blind or visually impaired, people with limited

reach who use wheelchairs or have short stature, who cannot effectively block the ATM screen with

their bodies, may prefer to use speech output. Speech output users can benefit from an option to

render the visible screen blank, thereby affording them greater personal security and privacy.

707.5 Speech Output. Machines shall be speech enabled. Operating instructions and orientation,

visible transaction prompts, user input verification, error messages, and all displayed information for

full use shall be accessible to and independently usable by individuals with vision impairments.

Speech shall be delivered through a mechanism that is readily available to all users, including but not

limited to, an industry standard connector or a telephone handset. Speech shall be recorded or

digitized human, or synthesized.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Audible tones shall be permitted instead of speech for visible output that is not displayed for

security purposes, including but not limited to, asterisks representing personal identification

numbers.

2. Advertisements and other similar information shall not be required to be audible unless they

convey information that can be used in the transaction being conducted.

3. Where speech synthesis cannot be supported, dynamic alphabetic output shall not be required to

be audible.

Advisory 707.5 Speech Output. If an ATM provides additional functions such as dispensing

coupons, selling theater tickets, or providing copies of monthly statements, all such functions must be

available to customers using speech output. To avoid confusion at the ATM, the method of initiating

the speech mode should be easily discoverable and should not require specialized training. For

example, if a telephone handset is provided, lifting the handset can initiate the speech mode.

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707.5.1 User Control. Speech shall be capable of being repeated or interrupted. Volume control shall

be provided for the speech function.

EXCEPTION: Speech output for any single function shall be permitted to be automatically

interrupted when a transaction is selected.

707.5.2 Receipts. Where receipts are provided, speech output devices shall provide audible balance

inquiry information, error messages, and all other information on the printed receipt necessary to

complete or verify the transaction.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Machine location, date and time of transaction, customer account number, and the machine

identifier shall not be required to be audible.

2. Information on printed receipts that duplicates information available on-screen shall not be

required to be presented in the form of an audible receipt.

3. Printed copies of bank statements and checks shall not be required to be audible.

707.6 Input. Input devices shall comply with 707.6.

707.6.1 Input Controls. At least one tactilely discernible input control shall be provided for each

function. Where provided, key surfaces not on active areas of display screens, shall be raised above

surrounding surfaces. Where membrane keys are the only method of input, each shall be tactilely

discernible from surrounding surfaces and adjacent keys.

707.6.2 Numeric Keys. Numeric keys shall be arranged in a 12-key ascending or descending

telephone keypad layout. The number five key shall be tactilely distinct from the other keys.

Advisory 707.6.2 Numeric Keys. Telephone keypads and computer keyboards differ in one

significant feature, ascending versus descending numerical order. Both types of keypads are

acceptable, provided the computer-style keypad is organized similarly to the number pad located at

the right on most computer keyboards, and does not resemble the line of numbers located above the

computer keys.

Figure 707.6.2 Numeric Key Layout

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707.6.3 Function Keys. Function keys shall comply with 707.6.3.

707.6.3.1 Contrast. Function keys shall contrast visually from background surfaces. Characters and

symbols on key surfaces shall contrast visually from key surfaces. Visual contrast shall be either light-

on-dark or dark-on-light.

EXCEPTION: Tactile symbols required by 707.6.3.2 shall not be required to comply with 707.6.3.1.

707.6.3.2 Tactile Symbols. Function key surfaces shall have tactile symbols as follows: Enter or

Proceed key: raised circle; Clear or Correct key: raised left arrow; Cancel key: raised letter ex; Add

Value key: raised plus sign; Decrease Value key: raised minus sign.

707.7 Display Screen. The display screen shall comply with 707.7.

EXCEPTION: Drive-up only automatic teller machines and fare machines shall not be required to

comply with 707.7.1.

707.7.1 Visibility. The display screen shall be visible from a point located 40 inches (1015 mm)

above the center of the clear floor space in front of the machine.

707.7.2 Characters. Characters displayed on the screen shall be in a sans serif font. Characters

shall be 3/16 inch (4.8 mm) high minimum based on the uppercase letter “I”. Characters shall contrast

with their background with either light characters on a dark background or dark characters on a light

background.

707.8 Braille Instructions. Braille instructions for initiating the speech mode shall be provided.

Braille shall comply with 703.3.

708 Two-Way Communication Systems

708.1 General. Two-way communication systems shall comply with 708.

Advisory 708.1 General. Devices that do not require handsets are easier to use by people who have

a limited reach.

708.2 Audible and Visual Indicators. The system shall provide both audible and visual signals.

Advisory 708.2 Audible and Visual Indicators. A light can be used to indicate visually that

assistance is on the way. Signs indicating the meaning of visual signals should be provided.

708.3 Handsets. Handset cords, if provided, shall be 29 inches (735 mm) long minimum.

708.4 Residential Dwelling Unit Communication Systems. Communications systems between a

residential dwelling unit and a site, building, or floor entrance shall comply with 708.4.

708.4.1 Common Use or Public Use System Interface. The common use or public use system

interface shall include the capability of supporting voice and TTY communication with the residential

dwelling unit interface.

708.4.2 Residential Dwelling Unit Interface. The residential dwelling unit system interface shall

include a telephone jack capable of supporting voice and TTY communication with the common use

or public use system interface.

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CHAPTER 8: SPECIAL ROOMS, SPACES AND ELEMENTS

801 General

801.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 8 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

Advisory 801.1 Scope. Facilities covered by these requirements are also subject to the requirements

of the other chapters. For example, 806 addresses guest rooms in transient lodging facilities while

902 contains the technical specifications for dining surfaces. If a transient lodging facility contains a

restaurant, the restaurant must comply with requirements in other chapters such as those applicable

to certain dining surfaces.

802 Wheelchair Spaces, Companion Seats, and Designated Aisle Seats

802.1 Wheelchair Spaces. Wheelchair spaces shall comply with 802.1.

802.1.1 Floor or Ground Surface. The floor or ground surface of wheelchair spaces shall comply

with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

EXCEPTION: Slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be permitted.

802.1.2 Width. A single wheelchair space shall be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum where two

adjacent wheelchair spaces are provided, each wheelchair space shall be 33 inches (840 mm) wide

minimum.

Figure 802.1.2 Width of Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Areas

802.1.3 Depth. Where a wheelchair space can be entered from the front or rear, the wheelchair

space shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) deep minimum. Where a wheelchair space can be entered only

from the side, the wheelchair space shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) deep minimum.

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Figure 802.1.3 Depth of Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Areas

802.1.4 Approach. Wheelchair spaces shall adjoin accessible routes. Accessible routes shall not

overlap wheelchair spaces.

Advisory 802.1.4 Approach. Because accessible routes serving wheelchair spaces are not

permitted to overlap the clear floor space at wheelchair spaces, access to any wheelchair space

cannot be through another wheelchair space.

802.1.5 Overlap. Wheelchair spaces shall not overlap circulation paths.

Advisory 802.1.5 Overlap. The term “circulation paths” used in Section 802.1.5 means aisle width

required by applicable building or life safety codes for the specific assembly occupancy. Where the

circulation path provided is wider than the required aisle width, the wheelchair space may intrude into

that portion of the circulation path that is provided in excess of the required aisle width.

802.2 Lines of Sight. Lines of sight to the screen, performance area, or playing field for spectators in

wheelchair spaces shall comply with 802.2.

802.2.1 Lines of Sight Over Seated Spectators. Where spectators are expected to remain seated

during events, spectators in wheelchair spaces shall be afforded lines of sight complying with 802.2.1.

802.2.1.1 Lines of Sight Over Heads. Where spectators are provided lines of sight over the heads of

spectators seated in the first row in front of their seats, spectators seated in wheelchair spaces shall

be afforded lines of sight over the heads of seated spectators in the first row in front of wheelchair

spaces.

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Figure 802.2.1.1 Lines of Sight Over the Heads of Seated Spectators

802.2.1.2 Lines of Sight Between Heads. Where spectators are provided lines of sight over the

shoulders and between the heads of spectators seated in the first row in front of their seats,

spectators seated in wheelchair spaces shall be afforded lines of sight over the shoulders and

between the heads of seated spectators in the first row in front of wheelchair spaces.

Figure 802.2.1.2 Lines of Sight Between the Heads of Seated Spectators

802.2.2 Lines of Sight Over Standing Spectators. Where spectators are expected to stand during

events, spectators in wheelchair spaces shall be afforded lines of sight complying with 802.2.2.

802.2.2.1 Lines of Sight Over Heads. Where standing spectators are provided lines of sight over the

heads of spectators standing in the first row in front of their seats, spectators seated in wheelchair

spaces shall be afforded lines of sight over the heads of standing spectators in the first row in front of

wheelchair spaces.

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Figure 802.2.2.1 Lines of Sight Over the Heads of Standing Spectators

802.2.2.2 Lines of Sight Between Heads. Where standing spectators are provided lines of sight

over the shoulders and between the heads of spectators standing in the first row in front of their

seats, spectators seated in wheelchair spaces shall be afforded lines of sight over the shoulders and

between the heads of standing spectators in the first row in front of wheelchair spaces.

Figure 802.2.2.2 Lines of Sight Between the Heads of Standing Spectators

802.3 Companion Seats. Companion seats shall comply with 802.3.

802.3.1 Alignment. In row seating, companion seats shall be located to provide shoulder alignment

with adjacent wheelchair spaces. The shoulder alignment point of the wheelchair space shall be

measured 36 inches (915 mm) from the front of the wheelchair space. The floor surface of the

companion seat shall be at the same elevation as the floor surface of the wheelchair space.

802.3.2 Type. Companion seats shall be equivalent in size, quality, comfort, and amenities to the

seating in the immediate area. Companion seats shall be permitted to be movable.

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802.4 Designated Aisle Seats. Designated aisle seats shall comply with 802.4.

802.4.1 Armrests. Where armrests are provided on the seating in the immediate area, folding or

retractable armrests shall be provided on the aisle side of the seat.

802.4.2 Identification. Each designated aisle seat shall be identified by a sign or marker.

Advisory 802.4.2 Identification. Seats with folding or retractable armrests are intended for use by

individuals who have difficulty walking. Consider identifying such seats with signs that contrast (light-

on-dark or dark-on-light) and that are also photo luminescent.

803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms

803.1 General. Dressing, fitting, and locker rooms shall comply with 803.

Advisory 803.1 General. Partitions and doors should be designed to ensure people using accessible

dressing and fitting rooms privacy equivalent to that afforded other users of the facility. Section 903.5

requires dressing room bench seats to be installed so that they are at the same height as a typical

wheelchair seat, 17 inches (430 mm) to 19 inches (485 mm). However, wheelchair seats can be

lower than dressing room benches for people of short stature or children using wheelchairs.

803.2 Turning Space. Turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within the room.

803.3 Door Swing. Doors shall not swing into the room unless a clear floor or ground space

complying with 305.3 is provided beyond the arc of the door swing.

803.4 Benches. A bench complying with 903 shall be provided within the room.

803.5 Coat Hooks and Shelves. Coat hooks provided within the room shall be located within one of

the reach ranges specified in 308. Shelves shall be 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches

(1220 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

804 Kitchens and Kitchenettes

804.1 General. Kitchens and kitchenettes shall comply with 804.

804.2 Clearance. Where a pass through kitchen is provided, clearances shall comply with 804.2.1.

Where a U-shaped kitchen is provided, clearances shall comply with 804.2.2.

EXCEPTION: Spaces that do not provide a cooktop or conventional range shall not be required to

comply with 804.2.

Advisory 804.2 Clearance. Clearances are measured from the furthest projecting face of all

opposing base cabinets, counter tops, appliances, or walls, excluding hardware.

804.2.1 Pass Through Kitchen. In pass through kitchens where counters, appliances or cabinets are

on two opposing sides, or where counters, appliances or cabinets are opposite a parallel wall,

clearance between all opposing base cabinets, counter tops, appliances, or walls within kitchen work

areas shall be 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum. Pass through kitchens shall have two entries.

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Figure 804.2.1 Pass Through Kitchens

804.2.2 U-Shaped. In U-shaped kitchens enclosed on three contiguous sides, clearance between all

opposing base cabinets, counter tops, appliances, or walls within kitchen work areas shall be 60

inches (1525 mm) minimum.

Figure 804.2.2 U-Shaped Kitchens

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804.3 Kitchen Work Surface. In residential dwelling units required to comply with 809, at least one

30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum section of counter shall provide a kitchen work surface that

complies with 804.3.

804.3.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor space complying with 305 positioned for a

forward approach shall be provided. The clear floor or ground space shall be centered on the kitchen

work surface and shall provide knee and toe clearance complying with 306.

EXCEPTION: Cabinetry shall be permitted under the kitchen work surface provided that all of the

following conditions are met:

(a) the cabinetry can be removed without removal or replacement of the kitchen work surface;

(b) the finish floor extends under the cabinetry; and

(c) the walls behind and surrounding the cabinetry are finished.

804.3.2 Height. The kitchen work surface shall be 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the finish

floor or ground.

EXCEPTION: A counter that is adjustable to provide a kitchen work surface at variable heights, 29

inches (735 mm) minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum shall be permitted.

804.3.3 Exposed Surfaces. There shall be no sharp or abrasive surfaces under the work surface

counters.

804.4 Sinks. Sinks shall comply with 606.

804.5 Storage. At least 50 percent of shelf space in storage facilities shall comply with 811.

804.6 Appliances. Where provided, kitchen appliances shall comply with 804.6.

804.6.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided at each kitchen appliance. Clear floor or ground spaces shall be permitted to overlap.

804.6.2 Operable Parts. All appliance controls shall comply with 309.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Appliance doors and door latching devices shall not be required to comply with 309.4.

2. Bottom-hinged appliance doors, when in the open position, shall not be required to comply with

309.3.

804.6.3 Dishwasher. Clear floor or ground space shall be positioned adjacent to the dishwasher

door. The dishwasher door, in the open position, shall not obstruct the clear floor or ground space for

the dishwasher or the sink.

804.6.4 Range or Cooktop. Where a forward approach is provided, the clear floor or ground space

shall provide knee and toe clearance complying with 306. Where knee and toe space is provided, the

underside of the range or cooktop shall be insulated or otherwise configured to prevent burns,

abrasions, or electrical shock. The location of controls shall not require reaching across burners.

804.6.5 Oven. Ovens shall comply with 804.6.5.

804.6.5.1 Side-Hinged Door Ovens. Side-hinged door ovens shall have the work surface required

by 804.3 positioned adjacent to the latch side of the oven door.

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804.6.5.2 Bottom-Hinged Door Ovens. Bottom-hinged door ovens shall have the work surface

required by 804.3 positioned adjacent to one side of the door.

804.6.5.3 Controls. Ovens shall have controls on front panels.

804.6.6 Refrigerator/Freezer. Combination refrigerators and freezers shall have at least 50 percent

of the freezer space 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. The clear floor

or ground space shall be positioned for a parallel approach to the space dedicated to a

refrigerator/freezer with the centerline of the clear floor or ground space offset 24 inches (610 mm)

maximum from the centerline of the dedicated space.

805 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities

805.1 General. Medical care facility and long-term care facility patient or resident sleeping rooms

required to provide mobility features shall comply with 805.

805.2 Turning Space. Turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within the room.

805.3 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor space complying with 305 shall be provided on

each side of the bed. The clear floor space shall be positioned for parallel approach to the side of the

bed.

805.4 Toilet and Bathing Rooms. Toilet and bathing rooms that are provided as part of a patient or

resident sleeping room shall comply with 603. Where provided, no fewer than one water closet, one

lavatory, and one bathtub or shower shall comply with the applicable requirements of 603 through

610.

806 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms

806.1 General. Transient lodging guest rooms shall comply with 806. Guest rooms required to provide mobility features shall comply with 806.2. Guest rooms required to provide communication

features shall comply with 806.3.

806.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features. Guest rooms required to provide mobility features shall

comply with 806.2.

Advisory 806.2 Guest Rooms. The requirements in Section 806.2 do not include requirements that

are common to all accessible spaces. For example, closets in guest rooms must comply with the

applicable provisions for storage specified in scoping.

806.2.1 Living and Dining Areas. Living and dining areas shall be accessible.

806.2.2 Exterior Spaces. Exterior spaces, including patios, terraces and balconies that serve the

guest room shall be accessible.

806.2.3 Sleeping Areas. At least one sleeping area shall provide a clear floor space complying with

305 on both sides of a bed. The clear floor space shall be positioned for parallel approach to the side

of the bed.

EXCEPTION: Where a single clear floor space complying with 305 positioned for parallel approach

is provided between two beds, a clear floor or ground space shall not be required on both sides of a

bed.

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806.2.4 Toilet and Bathing Facilities. At least one bathroom that is provided as part of a guest room

shall comply with 603. No fewer than one water closet, one lavatory, and one bathtub or shower shall

comply with applicable requirements of 603 through 610. In addition, required roll-in shower

compartments shall comply with 608.2.2 or 608.2.3. Toilet and bathing fixtures required to comply

with 603 through 610 shall be permitted to be located in more than one toilet or bathing area,

provided that travel between fixtures does not require travel between other parts of the guest room.

806.2.4.1 Vanity Counter Top Space. If vanity counter top space is provided in non-accessible guest

toilet or bathing rooms, comparable vanity counter top space, in terms of size and proximity to the

lavatory, shall also be provided in accessible guest toilet or bathing rooms.

Advisory 806.2.4.1 Vanity Counter Top Space. This provision is intended to ensure that accessible

guest rooms are provided with comparable vanity counter top space.

806.2.5 Kitchens and Kitchenettes. Kitchens and kitchenettes shall comply with 804.

806.2.6 Turning Space. Turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within the guest room.

806.3 Guest Rooms with Communication Features. Guest rooms required to provide

communication features shall comply with 806.3.

Advisory 806.3 Guest Rooms with Communication Features. In guest rooms required to have

accessible communication features, consider ensuring compatibility with adaptive equipment used by

people with hearing impairments. To ensure communication within the facility, as well as on

commercial lines, provide telephone interface jacks that are compatible with both digital and analog

signal use. If an audio headphone jack is provided on a speaker phone, a cutoff switch can be

included in the jack so that insertion of the jack cuts off the speaker. If a telephone-like handset is

used, the external speakers can be turned off when the handset is removed from the cradle. For

headset or external amplification system compatibility, a standard subminiature jack installed in the

telephone will provide the most flexibility.

806.3.1 Alarms. Where emergency warning systems are provided, alarms complying with 702 shall

be provided.

806.3.2 Notification Devices. Visible notification devices shall be provided to alert room occupants

of incoming telephone calls and a door knock or bell. Notification devices shall not be connected to

visible alarm signal appliances. Telephones shall have volume controls compatible with the telephone

system and shall comply with 704.3. Telephones shall be served by an electrical outlet complying

with 309 located within 48 inches (1220 mm) of the telephone to facilitate the use of a TTY.

807 Holding Cells and Housing Cells

807.1 General. Holding cells and housing cells shall comply with 807.

807.2 Cells with Mobility Features. Cells required to provide mobility features shall comply with

807.2.

807.2.1 Turning Space. Turning space complying with 304 shall be provided within the cell.

807.2.2 Benches. Where benches are provided, at least one bench shall comply with 903.

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807.2.3 Beds. Where beds are provided, clear floor space complying with 305 shall be provided on at

least one side of the bed. The clear floor space shall be positioned for parallel approach to the side of

the bed.

807.2.4 Toilet and Bathing Facilities. Toilet facilities or bathing facilities that are provided as part of

a cell shall comply with 603. Where provided, no fewer than one water closet, one lavatory, and one

bathtub or shower shall comply with the applicable requirements of 603 through 610.

Advisory 807.2.4 Toilet and Bathing Facilities. In holding cells, housing cells, or rooms required to

be accessible, these requirements do not require a separate toilet room.

807.3 Cells with Communication Features. Cells required to provide communication features shall

comply with 807.3.

807.3.1 Alarms. Where audible emergency alarm systems are provided to serve the occupants of

cells, visible alarms complying with 702 shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: Visible alarms shall not be required where inmates or detainees are not allowed

independent means of egress.

807.3.2 Telephones. Telephones, where provided within cells, shall have volume controls complying

with 704.3.

808 Courtrooms

808.1 General. Courtrooms shall comply with 808.

808.2 Turning Space. Where provided, areas that are raised or depressed and accessed by ramps

or platform lifts with entry ramps shall provide unobstructed turning space complying with 304.

808.3 Clear Floor Space. Each jury box and witness stand shall have, within its defined area, clear

floor space complying with 305.

EXCEPTION: In alterations, wheelchair spaces are not required to be located within the defined

area of raised jury boxes or witness stands and shall be permitted to be located outside these

spaces where ramp or platform lift access poses a hazard by restricting or projecting into a means

of egress required by the appropriate administrative authority.

808.4 Judges’ Benches and Courtroom Stations. Judges’ benches, clerks’ stations, bailiffs’

stations, deputy clerks’ stations, court reporters’ stations and litigants’ and counsel stations shall

comply with 902.

809 Residential Dwelling Units

809.1 General. Residential dwelling units shall comply with 809. Residential dwelling units

required to provide mobility features shall comply with 809.2 through 809.4. Residential dwelling units required to provide communication features shall comply with 809.5.

809.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes complying with Chapter 4 shall be provided within

residential dwelling units in accordance with 809.2.

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EXCEPTION: Accessible routes shall not be required to or within unfinished attics or unfinished

basements.

809.2.1 Location. At least one accessible route shall connect all spaces and elements which are a

part of the residential dwelling unit. Where only one accessible route is provided, it shall not pass

through bathrooms, closets, or similar spaces.

809.2.2 Turning Space. All rooms served by an accessible route shall provide a turning space

complying with 304.

EXCEPTION: Turning space shall not be required in exterior spaces 30 inches (760 mm) maximum

in depth or width.

Advisory 809.2.2 Turning Space. It is generally acceptable to use required clearances to provide wheelchair turning space. For example, in kitchens, 804.3.1 requires at least one work surface with

clear floor space complying with 306 to be centered beneath. If designers elect to provide clear floor

space that is at least 36 inches (915 mm) wide, as opposed to the required 30 inches (760 mm) wide,

that clearance can be part of a T-turn, thereby maximizing efficient use of the kitchen area. However,

the overlap of turning space must be limited to one segment of the T-turn so that back-up

maneuvering is not restricted. It would, therefore, be unacceptable to use both the clearances under

the work surface and the sink as part of a T-turn. See Section 304.3.2 regarding T-turns.

809.3 Kitchen. Where a kitchen is provided, it shall comply with 804.

809.4 Toilet Facilities and Bathing Facilities. At least one bathroom shall comply with 603. No

fewer than one of each type of fixture provided shall comply with applicable requirements of 603

through 610. Toilet and bathing fixtures required to comply with 603 through 610 shall be located in

the same toilet and bathing area, such that travel between fixtures does not require travel between

other parts of the residential dwelling unit.

Advisory 809.4 Toilet Facilities and Bathing Facilities. In an effort to promote space efficiency,

vanity counter top space in accessible residential dwelling units is often omitted. This omission does

not promote equal access or equal enjoyment of the unit. Where comparable units have vanity

counter tops, accessible units should also have vanity counter tops located as close as possible to

the lavatory for convenient access to toiletries.

809.5 Residential Dwelling Units with Communication Features. Residential dwelling units

required to provide communication features shall comply with 809.5.

809.5.1 Building Fire Alarm System. Where a building fire alarm system is provided, the system

wiring shall be extended to a point within the residential dwelling unit in the vicinity of the residential

dwelling unit smoke detection system.

809.5.1.1 Alarm Appliances. Where alarm appliances are provided within a residential dwelling unit

as part of the building fire alarm system, they shall comply with 702.

809.5.1.2 Activation. All visible alarm appliances provided within the residential dwelling unit for

building fire alarm notification shall be activated upon activation of the building fire alarm in the portion

of the building containing the residential dwelling unit.

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809.5.2 Residential Dwelling Unit Smoke Detection System. Residential dwelling unit smoke

detection systems shall comply with NFPA 72 (1999 or 2002 edition) (incorporated by reference, see

“Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1).

809.5.2.1 Activation. All visible alarm appliances provided within the residential dwelling unit for

smoke detection notification shall be activated upon smoke detection.

809.5.3 Interconnection. The same visible alarm appliances shall be permitted to provide notification

of residential dwelling unit smoke detection and building fire alarm activation.

809.5.4 Prohibited Use. Visible alarm appliances used to indicate residential dwelling unit smoke

detection or building fire alarm activation shall not be used for any other purpose within the residential

dwelling unit.

809.5.5 Residential Dwelling Unit Primary Entrance. Communication features shall be provided at

the residential dwelling unit primary entrance complying with 809.5.5.

809.5.5.1 Notification. A hard-wired electric doorbell shall be provided. A button or switch shall be

provided outside the residential dwelling unit primary entrance. Activation of the button or switch shall

initiate an audible tone and visible signal within the residential dwelling unit. Where visible doorbell

signals are located in sleeping areas, they shall have controls to deactivate the signal.

809.5.5.2 Identification. A means for visually identifying a visitor without opening the residential

dwelling unit entry door shall be provided and shall allow for a minimum 180 degree range of view.

Advisory 809.5.5.2 Identification. In doors, peepholes that include prisms clarify the image and

should offer a wide-angle view of the hallway or exterior for both standing persons and wheelchair

users. Such peepholes can be placed at a standard height and permit a view from several feet from

the door.

809.5.6 Site, Building, or Floor Entrance. Where a system, including a closed-circuit system,

permitting voice communication between a visitor and the occupant of the residential dwelling unit is

provided, the system shall comply with 708.4.

810 Transportation Facilities

810.1 General. Transportation facilities shall comply with 810.

810.2 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. Bus boarding and alighting areas shall comply with

810.2.

Advisory 810.2 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. At bus stops where a shelter is provided, the

bus stop pad can be located either within or outside of the shelter.

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810.2.1 Surface. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall have a firm, stable surface.

810.2.2 Dimensions. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall provide a clear length of 96 inches

(2440 mm) minimum, measured perpendicular to the curb or vehicle roadway edge, and a clear width

of 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum, measured parallel to the vehicle roadway.

Figure 810.2.2 Dimensions of Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas

810.2.3 Connection. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks,

or pedestrian paths by an accessible route complying with 402.

810.2.4 Slope. Parallel to the roadway, the slope of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall be

the same as the roadway, to the maximum extent practicable. Perpendicular to the roadway, the

slope of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall not be steeper than1:48.

810.3 Bus Shelters. Bus shelters shall provide a minimum clear floor or ground space complying

with 305 entirely within the shelter. Bus shelters shall be connected by an accessible route complying

with 402 to a boarding and alighting area complying with 810.2.

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Figure 810.3 Bus Shelters

810.4 Bus Signs. Bus route identification signs shall comply with 703.5.1 through 703.5.4, and

703.5.7 and 703.5.8. In addition, to the maximum extent practicable, bus route identification signs

shall comply with 703.5.5.

EXCEPTION: Bus schedules, timetables and maps that are posted at the bus stop or bus bay shall

not be required to comply.

810.5 Rail Platforms. Rail platforms shall comply with 810.5.

810.5.1 Slope. Rail platforms shall not exceed a slope of 1:48 in all directions.

EXCEPTION: Where platforms serve vehicles operating on existing track or track laid in existing

roadway, the slope of the platform parallel to the track shall be permitted to be equal to the slope

(grade) of the roadway or existing track.

810.5.2 Detectable Warnings. Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards

shall have detectable warnings complying with 705 along the full length of the public use area of the

platform.

810.5.3 Platform and Vehicle Floor Coordination. Station platforms shall be positioned to

coordinate with vehicles in accordance with the applicable requirements of 36 CFR Part 1192. Low-

level platforms shall be 8 inches (205 mm) minimum above top of rail.

EXCEPTION: Where vehicles are boarded from sidewalks or street-level, low-level platforms shall

be permitted to be less than 8 inches (205 mm).

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Advisory 810.5.3 Platform and Vehicle Floor Coordination. The height and position of a platform

must be coordinated with the floor of the vehicles it serves to minimize the vertical and horizontal

gaps, in accordance with the ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Transportation Vehicles (36 CFR Part

1192). The vehicle guidelines, divided by bus, van, light rail, rapid rail, commuter rail, intercity rail, are

available at www.access-board.gov. The preferred alignment is a high platform, level with the vehicle

floor. In some cases, the vehicle guidelines permit use of a low platform in conjunction with a lift or

ramp. Most such low platforms must have a minimum height of eight inches above the top of the rail.

Some vehicles are designed to be boarded from a street or the sidewalk along the street and the

exception permits such boarding areas to be less than eight inches high.

810.6 Rail Station Signs. Rail station signs shall comply with 810.6.

EXCEPTION. Signs shall not be required to comply with 810.6.1 and 810.6.2 where audible signs

are remotely transmitted to hand-held receivers, or are user- or proximity-actuated.

Advisory 810.6 Rail Station Signs Exception. Emerging technologies such as an audible sign

systems using infrared transmitters and receivers may provide greater accessibility in the transit

environment than traditional Braille and raised letter signs. The transmitters are placed on or next to

print signs and transmit their information to an infrared receiver that is held by a person. By scanning

an area, the person will hear the sign. This means that signs can be placed well out of reach of Braille

readers, even on parapet walls and on walls beyond barriers. Additionally, such signs can be used to

provide wayfinding information that cannot be efficiently conveyed on Braille signs.

810.6.1 Entrances. Where signs identify a station or its entrance, at least one sign at each entrance

shall comply with 703.2 and shall be placed in uniform locations to the maximum extent practicable.

Where signs identify a station that has no defined entrance, at least one sign shall comply with 703.2

and shall be placed in a central location.

810.6.2 Routes and Destinations. Lists of stations, routes and destinations served by the station

which are located on boarding areas, platforms, or mezzanines shall comply with 703.5. At least one

tactile sign identifying the specific station and complying with 703.2 shall be provided on each

platform or boarding area. Signs covered by this requirement shall, to the maximum extent

practicable, be placed in uniform locations within the system.

EXCEPTION: Where sign space is limited, characters shall not be required to exceed 3 inches (75

mm).

Advisory 810.6.2 Routes and Destinations. Route maps are not required to comply with the

informational sign requirements in this document.

810.6.3 Station Names. Stations covered by this section shall have identification signs complying

with 703.5. Signs shall be clearly visible and within the sight lines of standing and sitting passengers

from within the vehicle on both sides when not obstructed by another vehicle.

Advisory 810.6.3 Station Names. It is also important to place signs at intervals in the station where

passengers in the vehicle will be able to see a sign when the vehicle is either stopped at the station or

about to come to a stop in the station. The number of signs necessary may be directly related to the

size of the lettering displayed on the sign.

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810.7 Public Address Systems. Where public address systems convey audible information to the

public, the same or equivalent information shall be provided in a visual format.

810.8 Clocks. Where clocks are provided for use by the public, the clock face shall be uncluttered so

that its elements are clearly visible. Hands, numerals and digits shall contrast with the background

either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. Where clocks are installed overhead, numerals and digits shall

comply with 703.5.

810.9 Escalators. Where provided, escalators shall comply with the sections 6.1.3.5.6 and 6.1.3.6.5

of ASME A17.1 (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1) and shall have

a clear width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: Existing escalators in key stations shall not be required to comply with 810.9.

810.10 Track Crossings. Where a circulation path serving boarding platforms crosses tracks, it shall

comply with 402.

EXCEPTION: Openings for wheel flanges shall be permitted to be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum.

Figure 810.10 (Exception) Track Crossings

811 Storage

811.1 General. Storage shall comply with 811.

811.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided.

811.3 Height. Storage elements shall comply with at least one of the reach ranges specified in 308.

811.4 Operable Parts. Operable parts shall comply with 309.

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CHAPTER 9: BUILT-IN ELEMENTS

901 General

901.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 9 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

902 Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces

902.1 General. Dining surfaces and work surfaces shall comply with 902.2 and 902.3.

EXCEPTION: Dining surfaces and work surfaces for children’s use shall be permitted to comply

with 902.4.

Advisory 902.1 General. Dining surfaces include, but are not limited to, bars, tables, lunch counters,

and booths. Examples of work surfaces include writing surfaces, study carrels, student laboratory

stations, baby changing and other tables or fixtures for personal grooming, coupon counters, and

where covered by the ABA scoping provisions, employee work stations.

902.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor space complying with 305 positioned for a forward

approach shall be provided. Knee and toe clearance complying with 306 shall be provided.

902.3 Height. The tops of dining surfaces and work surfaces shall be 28 inches (710 mm) minimum

and 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

902.4 Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces for Children’s Use. Accessible dining surfaces and

work surfaces for children’s use shall comply with 902.4.

EXCEPTION: Dining surfaces and work surfaces that are used primarily by children 5 years and

younger shall not be required to comply with 902.4 where a clear floor or ground space complying

with 305 positioned for a parallel approach is provided.

902.4.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor space complying with 305 positioned for forward

approach shall be provided. Knee and toe clearance complying with 306 shall be provided, except

that knee clearance 24 inches (610 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground shall be permitted.

902.4.2 Height. The tops of tables and counters shall be 26 inches (660 mm) minimum and 30 inches

(760 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

903 Benches

903.1 General. Benches shall comply with 903.

903.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. Clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided and shall be positioned at the end of the bench seat and parallel to the short axis of the

bench.

903.3 Size. Benches shall have seats that are 42 inches (1065 mm) long minimum and 20 inches

(510 mm) deep minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) deep maximum.

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903.4 Back Support. The bench shall provide for back support or shall be affixed to a wall. Back

support shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) long minimum and shall extend from a point 2 inches (51 mm)

maximum above the seat surface to a point 18 inches (455 mm) minimum above the seat surface.

Back support shall be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum from the rear edge of the seat measured

horizontally.

Advisory 903.4 Back Support. To assist in transferring to the bench, consider providing grab bars

on a wall adjacent to the bench, but not on the seat back. If provided, grab bars cannot obstruct

transfer to the bench.

Figure 903.4 Bench Back Support

903.5 Height. The top of the bench seat surface shall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum and 19

inches (485 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

903.6 Structural Strength. Allowable stresses shall not be exceeded for materials used when a

vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds (1112 N) is applied at any point on the seat, fastener,

mounting device, or supporting structure.

903.7 Wet Locations. Where installed in wet locations, the surface of the seat shall be slip resistant

and shall not accumulate water.

904 Check-Out Aisles and Sales and Service Counters

904.1 General. Check-out aisles and sales and service counters shall comply with the applicable

requirements of 904.

904.2 Approach. All portions of counters required to comply with 904 shall be located adjacent to a

walking surface complying with 403.

Advisory 904.2 Approach. If a cash register is provided at the sales or service counter, locate the

accessible counter close to the cash register so that a person using a wheelchair is visible to sales or

service personnel and to minimize the reach for a person with a disability.

904.3 Check-Out Aisles. Check-out aisles shall comply with 904.3.

904.3.1 Aisle. Aisles shall comply with 403.

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904.3.2 Counter. The counter surface height shall be 38 inches (965 mm) maximum above the finish

floor or ground. The top of the counter edge protection shall be 2 inches (51 mm) maximum above

the top of the counter surface on the aisle side of the check-out counter.

Figure 904.3.2 Check-Out Aisle Counters

904.3.3 Check Writing Surfaces. Where provided, check writing surfaces shall comply with 902.3.

904.4 Sales and Service Counters. Sales counters and service counters shall comply with 904.4.1

or 904.4.2. The accessible portion of the counter top shall extend the same depth as the sales or

service counter top.

EXCEPTION: In alterations, when the provision of a counter complying with 904.4 would result in a

reduction of the number of existing counters at work stations or a reduction of the number of

existing mail boxes, the counter shall be permitted to have a portion which is 24 inches (610 mm)

long minimum complying with 904.4.1 provided that the required clear floor or ground space is

centered on the accessible length of the counter.

Figure 904.4 (Exception) Alteration of Sales and Service Counters

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904.4.1 Parallel Approach. A portion of the counter surface that is 36 inches (915 mm) long

minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) high maximum above the finish floor shall be provided. A clear

floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be positioned for a parallel approach adjacent to the

36 inch (915 mm) minimum length of counter.

EXCEPTION: Where the provided counter surface is less than 36 inches (915 mm) long, the entire

counter surface shall be 36 inches (915 mm) high maximum above the finish floor.

904.4.2 Forward Approach. A portion of the counter surface that is 30 inches (760 mm) long

minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) high maximum shall be provided. Knee and toe space complying

with 306 shall be provided under the counter. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall

be positioned for a forward approach to the counter.

904.5 Food Service Lines. Counters in food service lines shall comply with 904.5.

904.5.1 Self-Service Shelves and Dispensing Devices. Self-service shelves and dispensing

devices for tableware, dishware, condiments, food and beverages shall comply with 308.

904.5.2 Tray Slides. The tops of tray slides shall be 28 inches (710 mm) minimum and 34 inches

(865 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

904.6 Security Glazing. Where counters or teller windows have security glazing to separate

personnel from the public, a method to facilitate voice communication shall be provided. Telephone

handset devices, if provided, shall comply with 704.3.

Advisory 904.6 Security Glazing. Assistive listening devices complying with 706 can facilitate voice

communication at counters or teller windows where there is security glazing which promotes

distortion in audible information. Where assistive listening devices are installed, place signs

complying with 703.7.2.4 to identify those facilities which are so equipped. Other voice

communication methods include, but are not limited to, grilles, slats, talk-through baffles, intercoms,

or telephone handset devices.

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CHAPTER 10: RECREATION FACILITIES

1001 General

1001.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapter 10 shall apply where required by Chapter 2 or where

referenced by a requirement in this document.

Advisory 1001.1 Scope. Unless otherwise modified or specifically addressed in Chapter 10, all other

ADAAG provisions apply to the design and construction of recreation facilities and elements. The

provisions in Section 1001.1 apply wherever these elements are provided. For example, office

buildings may contain a room with exercise equipment to which these sections would apply.

1002 Amusement Rides

1002.1 General. Amusement rides shall comply with 1002.

1002.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving amusement rides shall comply with Chapter 4.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In load or unload areas and on amusement rides, where compliance with 405.2 is not structurally

or operationally feasible, ramp slope shall be permitted to be 1:8 maximum.

2. In load or unload areas and on amusement rides, handrails provided along walking surfaces

complying with 403 and required on ramps complying with 405 shall not be required to comply with

505 where compliance is not structurally or operationally feasible.

Advisory 1002.2 Accessible Routes Exception 1. Steeper slopes are permitted on accessible

routes connecting the amusement ride in the load and unload position where it is “structurally or

operationally infeasible.” In most cases, this will be limited to areas where the accessible route leads

directly to the amusement ride and where there are space limitations on the ride, not the queue line.

Where possible, the least possible slope should be used on the accessible route that serves the

amusement ride.

1002.3 Load and Unload Areas. A turning space complying with 304.2 and 304.3 shall be provided

in load and unload areas.

1002.4 Wheelchair Spaces in Amusement Rides. Wheelchair spaces in amusement rides shall

comply with 1002.4.

1002.4.1 Floor or Ground Surface. The floor or ground surface of wheelchair spaces shall be stable

and firm.

1002.4.2 Slope. The floor or ground surface of wheelchair spaces shall have a slope not steeper than

1:48 when in the load and unload position.

1002.4.3 Gaps. Floors of amusement rides with wheelchair spaces and floors of load and unload

areas shall be coordinated so that, when amusement rides are at rest in the load and unload position,

the vertical difference between the floors shall be within plus or minus 5/8 inches (16 mm) and the

horizontal gap shall be 3 inches (75 mm) maximum under normal passenger load conditions.

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EXCEPTION: Where compliance is not operationally or structurally feasible, ramps, bridge plates,

or similar devices complying with the applicable requirements of 36 CFR 1192.83(c) shall be

provided.

Advisory 1002.4.3 Gaps Exception. 36 CFR 1192.83(c) ADA Accessibility Guidelines for

Transportation Vehicles – Light Rail Vehicles and Systems – Mobility Aid Accessibility is available at

www.access-board.gov. It includes provisions for bridge plates and ramps that can be used at gaps

between wheelchair spaces and floors of load and unload areas.

1002.4.4 Clearances. Clearances for wheelchair spaces shall comply with 1002.4.4.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where provided, securement devices shall be permitted to overlap required clearances.

2. Wheelchair spaces shall be permitted to be mechanically or manually repositioned.

3. Wheelchair spaces shall not be required to comply with 307.4.

Advisory 1002.4.4 Clearances Exception 3. This exception for protruding objects applies to the ride

devices, not to circulation areas or accessible routes in the queue lines or the load and unload areas.

1002.4.4.1 Width and Length. Wheelchair spaces shall provide a clear width of 30 inches (760 mm)

minimum and a clear length of 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum measured to 9 inches (230 mm)

minimum above the floor surface.

1002.4.4.2 Side Entry. Where wheelchair spaces are entered only from the side, amusement rides

shall be designed to permit sufficient maneuvering clearance for individuals using a wheelchair or

mobility aid to enter and exit the ride.

Advisory 1002.4.4.2 Side Entry. The amount of clear space needed within the ride, and the size and

position of the opening are interrelated. A 32 inch (815 mm) clear opening will not provide sufficient

width when entered through a turn into an amusement ride. Additional space for maneuvering and a

wider door will be needed where a side opening is centered on the ride. For example, where a 42

inch (1065 mm) opening is provided, a minimum clear space of 60 inches (1525 mm) in length and 36

inches (915mm) in depth is needed to ensure adequate space for maneuvering.

1002.4.4.3 Permitted Protrusions in Wheelchair Spaces. Objects are permitted to protrude a

distance of 6 inches (150 mm) maximum along the front of the wheelchair space, where located 9

inches (230 mm) minimum and 27 inches (685 mm) maximum above the floor or ground surface of

the wheelchair space. Objects are permitted to protrude a distance of 25 inches (635 mm) maximum

along the front of the wheelchair space, where located more than 27 inches (685 mm) above the floor

or ground surface of the wheelchair space.

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Figure 1002.4.4.3 Protrusions in Wheelchair Spaces in Amusement Rides

1002.4.5 Ride Entry. Openings providing entry to wheelchair spaces on amusement rides shall be 32

inches (815 mm) minimum clear.

1002.4.6 Approach. One side of the wheelchair space shall adjoin an accessible route when in the

load and unload position.

1002.4.7 Companion Seats. Where the interior width of the amusement ride is greater than 53

inches (1345 mm), seating is provided for more than one rider, and the wheelchair is not required to

be centered within the amusement ride, a companion seat shall be provided for each wheelchair

space.

1002.4.7.1 Shoulder-to-Shoulder Seating. Where an amusement ride provides shoulder-to-

shoulder seating, companion seats shall be shoulder-to-shoulder with the adjacent wheelchair space.

EXCEPTION: Where shoulder-to-shoulder companion seating is not operationally or structurally

feasible, compliance with this requirement shall be required to the maximum extent practicable.

1002.5 Amusement Ride Seats Designed for Transfer. Amusement ride seats designed for

transfer shall comply with 1002.5 when positioned for loading and unloading.

Advisory 1002.5 Amusement Ride Seats Designed for Transfer. The proximity of the clear floor or

ground space next to an element and the height of the element one is transferring to are both critical

for a safe and independent transfer. Providing additional clear floor or ground space both in front of

and diagonal to the element will provide flexibility and will increase usability for a more diverse

population of individuals with disabilities. Ride seats designed for transfer should involve only one

transfer. Where possible, designers are encouraged to locate the ride seat no higher than 17 to 19

inches (430 to 485 mm) above the load and unload surface. Where greater distances are required for

transfers, providing gripping surfaces, seat padding, and avoiding sharp objects in the path of transfer

will facilitate the transfer.

1002.5.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided in the load and unload area adjacent to the amusement ride seats designed for transfer.

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1002.5.2 Transfer Height. The height of amusement ride seats designed for transfer shall be 14

inches (355 mm) minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) maximum measured from the surface of the load

and unload area.

1002.5.3 Transfer Entry. Where openings are provided for transfer to amusement ride seats, the

openings shall provide clearance for transfer from a wheelchair or mobility aid to the amusement ride

seat.

1002.5.4 Wheelchair Storage Space. Wheelchair storage spaces complying with 305 shall be

provided in or adjacent to unload areas for each required amusement ride seat designed for transfer

and shall not overlap any required means of egress or accessible route.

1002.6 Transfer Devices for Use with Amusement Rides. Transfer devices for use with

amusement rides shall comply with 1002.6 when positioned for loading and unloading.

Advisory 1002.6 Transfer Devices for Use with Amusement Rides. Transfer devices for use with

amusement rides should permit individuals to make independent transfers to and from their

wheelchairs or mobility devices. There are a variety of transfer devices available that could be

adapted to provide access onto an amusement ride. Examples of devices that may provide for

transfers include, but are not limited to, transfer systems, lifts, mechanized seats, and custom

designed systems. Operators and designers have flexibility in developing designs that will facilitate

individuals to transfer onto amusement rides. These systems or devices should be designed to be

reliable and sturdy.

Designs that limit the number of transfers required from a wheelchair or mobility device to the ride

seat are encouraged. When using a transfer device to access an amusement ride, the least number

of transfers and the shortest distance is most usable. Where possible, designers are encouraged to

locate the transfer device seat no higher than 17 to 19 inches (430 to 485 mm) above the load and

unload surface. Where greater distances are required for transfers, providing gripping surfaces, seat

padding, and avoiding sharp objects in the path of transfer will facilitate the transfer. Where a series

of transfers are required to reach the amusement ride seat, each vertical transfer should not exceed 8

inches (205 mm).

1002.6.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be

provided in the load and unload area adjacent to the transfer device.

1002.6.2 Transfer Height. The height of transfer device seats shall be 14 inches (355 mm) minimum

and 24 inches (610 mm) maximum measured from the load and unload surface.

1002.6.3 Wheelchair Storage Space. Wheelchair storage spaces complying with 305 shall be

provided in or adjacent to unload areas for each required transfer device and shall not overlap any

required means of egress or accessible route.

1003 Recreational Boating Facilities

1003.1 General. Recreational boating facilities shall comply with 1003.

1003.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving recreational boating facilities, including

gangways and floating piers, shall comply with Chapter 4 except as modified by the exceptions in

1003.2.

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1003.2.1 Boat Slips. Accessible routes serving boat slips shall be permitted to use the exceptions in

1003.2.1.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where an existing gangway or series of gangways is replaced or altered, an increase in the

length of the gangway shall not be required to comply with 1003.2 unless required by 202.4.

2. Gangways shall not be required to comply with the maximum rise specified in 405.6.

3. Where the total length of a gangway or series of gangways serving as part of a required

accessible route is 80 feet (24 m) minimum, gangways shall not be required to comply with 405.2.

4. Where facilities contain fewer than 25 boat slips and the total length of the gangway or series of

gangways serving as part of a required accessible route is 30 feet (9145 mm) minimum, gangways

shall not be required to comply with 405.2.

5. Where gangways connect to transition plates, landings specified by 405.7 shall not be required.

6. Where gangways and transition plates connect and are required to have handrails, handrail

extensions shall not be required. Where handrail extensions are provided on gangways or transition

plates, the handrail extensions shall not be required to be parallel with the ground or floor surface.

7. The cross slope specified in 403.3 and 405.3 for gangways, transition plates, and floating piers

that are part of accessible routes shall be measured in the static position.

8. Changes in level complying with 303.3 and 303.4 shall be permitted on the surfaces of gangways

and boat launch ramps.

Advisory 1003.2.1 Boat Slips Exception 3. The following example shows how exception 3 would be

applied: A gangway is provided to a floating pier which is required to be on an accessible route. The

vertical distance is 10 feet (3050 mm) between the elevation where the gangway departs the landside

connection and the elevation of the pier surface at the lowest water level. Exception 3 permits the

gangway to be 80 feet (24 m) long. Another design solution would be to have two 40 foot (12 m) plus

continuous gangways joined together at a float, where the float (as the water level falls) will stop

dropping at an elevation five feet below the landside connection. The length of transition plates would

not be included in determining if the gangway(s) meet the requirements of the exception.

1003.2.2 Boarding Piers at Boat Launch Ramps. Accessible routes serving boarding piers at boat

launch ramps shall be permitted to use the exceptions in 1003.2.2.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Accessible routes serving floating boarding piers shall be permitted to use Exceptions 1, 2, 5, 6,

7 and 8 in 1003.2.1.

2. Where the total length of the gangway or series of gangways serving as part of a required

accessible route is 30 feet (9145 mm) minimum, gangways shall not be required to comply with

405.2.

3. Where the accessible route serving a floating boarding pier or skid pier is located within a boat

launch ramp, the portion of the accessible route located within the boat launch ramp shall not be

required to comply with 405.

1003.3 Clearances. Clearances at boat slips and on boarding piers at boat launch ramps shall

comply with 1003.3.

Advisory 1003.3 Clearances. Although the minimum width of the clear pier space is 60 inches (1525

mm), it is recommended that piers be wider than 60 inches (1525 mm) to improve the safety for

persons with disabilities, particularly on floating piers.

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1003.3.1 Boat Slip Clearance. Boat slips shall provide clear pier space 60 inches (1525 mm) wide

minimum and at least as long as the boat slips. Each 10 feet (3050 mm) maximum of linear pier edge

serving boat slips shall contain at least one continuous clear opening 60 inches (1525 mm) wide

minimum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Clear pier space shall be permitted to be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum for a length of 24

inches (610 mm) maximum, provided that multiple 36 inch (915 mm) wide segments are separated

by segments that are 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm) long minimum.

2. Edge protection shall be permitted at the continuous clear openings, provided that it is 4 inches

(100 mm) high maximum and 2 inches (51 mm) wide maximum.

3. In existing piers, clear pier space shall be permitted to be located perpendicular to the boat slip

and shall extend the width of the boat slip, where the facility has at least one boat slip complying

with 1003.3, and further compliance with 1003.3 would result in a reduction in the number of boat

slips available or result in a reduction of the widths of existing slips.

Advisory 1003.3.1 Boat Slip Clearance Exception 3. Where the conditions in exception 3 are

satisfied, existing facilities are only required to have one accessible boat slip with a pier clearance

which runs the length of the slip. All other accessible slips are allowed to have the required pier

clearance at the head of the slip. Under this exception, at piers with perpendicular boat slips, the

width of most “finger piers” will remain unchanged. However, where mooring systems for floating

piers are replaced as part of pier alteration projects, an opportunity may exist for increasing

accessibility. Piers may be reconfigured to allow an increase in the number of wider finger piers, and

serve as accessible boat slips.

Figure 1003.3.1 Boat Slip Clearance

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Figure 1003.3.1 (Exception 1) Clear Pier Space Reduction at Boat Slips

Figure 1003.3.1 (Exception 2) Edge Protection at Boat Slips

1003.3.2 Boarding Pier Clearances. Boarding piers at boat launch ramps shall provide clear pier

space 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum and shall extend the full length of the boarding pier. Every

10 feet (3050 mm) maximum of linear pier edge shall contain at least one continuous clear opening

60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. The clear pier space shall be permitted to be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum for a length of

24 inches (610 mm) maximum provided that multiple 36 inch (915 mm) wide segments are

separated by segments that are 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm)

long minimum.

2. Edge protection shall be permitted at the continuous clear openings provided that it is 4 inches

(100 mm) high maximum and 2 inches (51 mm) wide maximum.

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Advisory 1003.3.2 Boarding Pier Clearances. These requirements do not establish a minimum

length for accessible boarding piers at boat launch ramps. The accessible boarding pier should have

a length at least equal to that of other boarding piers provided at the facility. If no other boarding pier

is provided, the pier would have a length equal to what would have been provided if no access

requirements applied. The entire length of accessible boarding piers would be required to comply with

the same technical provisions that apply to accessible boat slips. For example, at a launch ramp, if a

20 foot (6100 mm) long accessible boarding pier is provided, the entire 20 feet (6100 mm) must

comply with the pier clearance requirements in 1003.3. Likewise, if a 60 foot (18 m) long accessible

boarding pier is provided, the pier clearance requirements in 1003.3 would apply to the entire 60 feet

(18 m).

The following example applies to a boat launch ramp boarding pier: A chain of floats is provided on a

launch ramp to be used as a boarding pier which is required to be accessible by 1003.3.2. At high

water, the entire chain is floating and a transition plate connects the first float to the surface of the

launch ramp. As the water level decreases, segments of the chain end up resting on the launch ramp

surface, matching the slope of the launch ramp.

Figure 1003.3.2 Boarding Pier Clearance

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Figure 1003.3.2 (Exception 1) Clear Pier Space Reduction at Boarding Piers

Figure 1003.3.2 (Exception 2) Edge Protection at Boarding Piers

1004 Exercise Machines and Equipment

1004.1 Clear Floor Space. Exercise machines and equipment shall have a clear floor space

complying with 305 positioned for transfer or for use by an individual seated in a wheelchair. Clear

floor or ground spaces required at exercise machines and equipment shall be permitted to overlap.

Advisory 1004.1 Clear Floor Space. One clear floor or ground space is permitted to be shared

between two pieces of exercise equipment. To optimize space use, designers should carefully

consider layout options such as connecting ends of the row and center aisle spaces. The position of

the clear floor space may vary greatly depending on the use of the equipment or machine. For

example, to provide access to a shoulder press machine, clear floor space next to the seat would be

appropriate to allow for transfer. Clear floor space for a bench press machine designed for use by an

individual seated in a wheelchair, however, will most likely be centered on the operating mechanisms.

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1005 Fishing Piers and Platforms

1005.1 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving fishing piers and platforms, including

gangways and floating piers, shall comply with Chapter 4.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Accessible routes serving floating fishing piers and platforms shall be permitted to use

Exceptions 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 in 1003.2.1.

2. Where the total length of the gangway or series of gangways serving as part of a required

accessible route is 30 feet (9145 mm) minimum, gangways shall not be required to comply with

405.2.

1005.2 Railings. Where provided, railings, guards, or handrails shall comply with 1005.2.

1005.2.1 Height. At least 25 percent of the railings, guards, or handrails shall be 34 inches (865 mm)

maximum above the ground or deck surface.

EXCEPTION: Where a guard complying with sections 1003.2.12.1 and 1003.2.12.2 of the

International Building Code (2000 edition) or sections 1012.2 and 1012.3 of the International

Building Code (2003 edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1)

is provided, the guard shall not be required to comply with 1005.2.1.

1005.2.1.1 Dispersion. Railings, guards, or handrails required to comply with 1005.2.1 shall be

dispersed throughout the fishing pier or platform.

Advisory 1005.2.1.1 Dispersion. Portions of the railings that are lowered to provide fishing

opportunities for persons with disabilities must be located in a variety of locations on the fishing pier

or platform to give people a variety of locations to fish. Different fishing locations may provide varying

water depths, shade (at certain times of the day), vegetation, and proximity to the shoreline or bank.

1005.3 Edge Protection. Where railings, guards, or handrails complying with 1005.2 are provided,

edge protection complying with 1005.3.1 or 1005.3.2 shall be provided.

Advisory 1005.3 Edge Protection. Edge protection is required only where railings, guards, or

handrails are provided on a fishing pier or platform. Edge protection will prevent wheelchairs or other

mobility devices from slipping off the fishing pier or platform. Extending the deck of the fishing pier or

platform 12 inches (305 mm) where the 34 inch (865 mm) high railing is provided is an alternative

design, permitting individuals using wheelchairs or other mobility devices to pull into a clear space

and move beyond the face of the railing. In such a design, curbs or barriers are not required.

1005.3.1 Curb or Barrier. Curbs or barriers shall extend 2 inches (51 mm) minimum above the

surface of the fishing pier or platform.

1005.3.2 Extended Ground or Deck Surface. The ground or deck surface shall extend 12 inches

(305 mm) minimum beyond the inside face of the railing. Toe clearance shall be provided and shall

be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum and 9 inches (230 mm) minimum above the ground or deck

surface beyond the railing.

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Figure 1005.3.2 Extended Ground or Deck Surface at Fishing Piers and Platforms

1005.4 Clear Floor or Ground Space. At each location where there are railings, guards, or handrails

complying with 1005.2.1, a clear floor or ground space complying with 305 shall be provided. Where

there are no railings, guards, or handrails, at least one clear floor or ground space complying with 305

shall be provided on the fishing pier or platform.

1005.5 Turning Space. At least one turning space complying with 304.3 shall be provided on fishing

piers and platforms.

1006 Golf Facilities

1006.1 General. Golf facilities shall comply with 1006.

1006.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving teeing grounds, practice teeing grounds,

putting greens, practice putting greens, teeing stations at driving ranges, course weather shelters,

golf car rental areas, bag drop areas, and course toilet rooms shall comply with Chapter 4 and shall

be 48 inches (1220 mm) wide minimum. Where handrails are provided, accessible routes shall be 60

inches (1525 mm) wide minimum.

EXCEPTION: Handrails shall not be required on golf courses. Where handrails are provided on golf

courses, the handrails shall not be required to comply with 505.

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Advisory 1006.2 Accessible Routes. The 48 inch (1220 mm) minimum width for the accessible

route is necessary to ensure passage of a golf car on either the accessible route or the golf car

passage. This is important where the accessible route is used to connect the golf car rental area, bag

drop areas, practice putting greens, practice teeing grounds, course toilet rooms, and course weather

shelters. These are areas outside the boundary of the golf course, but are areas where an individual

using an adapted golf car may travel. A golf car passage may not be substituted for other accessible

routes to be located outside the boundary of the course. For example, an accessible route connecting

an accessible parking space to the entrance of a golf course clubhouse is not covered by this

provision.

Providing a golf car passage will permit a person that uses a golf car to practice driving a golf ball

from the same position and stance used when playing the game. Additionally, the space required for

a person using a golf car to enter and maneuver within the teeing stations required to be accessible

should be considered.

1006.3 Golf Car Passages. Golf car passages shall comply with 1006.3.

1006.3.1 Clear Width. The clear width of golf car passages shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum.

1006.3.2 Barriers. Where curbs or other constructed barriers prevent golf cars from entering a

fairway, openings 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum shall be provided at intervals not to exceed 75

yards (69 m).

1006.4 Weather Shelters. A clear floor or ground space 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 96 inches

(2440 mm) minimum shall be provided within weather shelters.

1007 Miniature Golf Facilities

1007.1 General. Miniature golf facilities shall comply with 1007.

1007.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving holes on miniature golf courses shall comply

with Chapter 4. Accessible routes located on playing surfaces of miniature golf holes shall be

permitted to use the exceptions in 1007.2.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Playing surfaces shall not be required to comply with 302.2.

2. Where accessible routes intersect playing surfaces of holes, a 1 inch (25 mm) maximum curb

shall be permitted for a width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.

3. A slope not steeper than 1:4 for a 4 inch (100 mm) maximum rise shall be permitted.

4. Ramp landing slopes specified by 405.7.1 shall be permitted to be 1:20 maximum.

5. Ramp landing length specified by 405.7.3 shall be permitted to be 48 inches (1220 mm) long

minimum.

6. Ramp landing size specified by 405.7.4 shall be permitted to be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum

by 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum.

7. Handrails shall not be required on holes. Where handrails are provided on holes, the handrails

shall not be required to comply with 505.

1007.3 Miniature Golf Holes. Miniature golf holes shall comply with 1007.3.

1007.3.1 Start of Play. A clear floor or ground space 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum by 60 inches

(1525 mm) minimum with slopes not steeper than 1:48 shall be provided at the start of play.

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1007.3.2 Golf Club Reach Range Area. All areas within holes where golf balls rest shall be within 36

inches (915 mm) maximum of a clear floor or ground space 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum and

48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum having a running slope not steeper than 1:20. The clear floor or

ground space shall be served by an accessible route.

Advisory 1007.3.2 Golf Club Reach Range Area. The golf club reach range applies to all holes

required to be accessible. This includes accessible routes provided adjacent to or, where provided,

on the playing surface of the hole.

Figure 1007.3.2 Golf Club Reach Range Area

1008 Play Areas

1008.1 General. Play areas shall comply with 1008.

1008.2 Accessible Routes. Accessible routes serving play areas shall comply with Chapter 4 and

1008.2 and shall be permitted to use the exceptions in 1008.2.1 through 1008.2.3. Where accessible

routes serve ground level play components, the vertical clearance shall be 80 inches high (2030 mm)

minimum.

1008.2.1 Ground Level and Elevated Play Components. Accessible routes serving ground level

play components and elevated play components shall be permitted to use the exceptions in 1008.2.1.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Transfer systems complying with 1008.3 shall be permitted to connect elevated play components

except where 20 or more elevated play components are provided no more than 25 percent of the

elevated play components shall be permitted to be connected by transfer systems.

2. Where transfer systems are provided, an elevated play component shall be permitted to connect

to another elevated play component as part of an accessible route.

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1008.2.2 Soft Contained Play Structures. Accessible routes serving soft contained play structures

shall be permitted to use the exception in 1008.2.2.

EXCEPTION: Transfer systems complying with 1008.3 shall be permitted to be used as part of an

accessible route.

1008.2.3 Water Play Components. Accessible routes serving water play components shall be

permitted to use the exceptions in 1008.2.3.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where the surface of the accessible route, clear floor or ground spaces, or turning spaces

serving water play components is submerged, compliance with 302, 403.3, 405.2, 405.3, and

1008.2.6 shall not be required.

2. Transfer systems complying with 1008.3 shall be permitted to connect elevated play components

in water.

Advisory 1008.2.3 Water Play Components. Personal wheelchairs and mobility devices may not be

appropriate for submerging in water when using play components in water. Some may have batteries,

motors, and electrical systems that when submerged in water may cause damage to the personal

mobility device or wheelchair or may contaminate the water. Providing an aquatic wheelchair made of

non-corrosive materials and designed for access into the water will protect the water from

contamination and avoid damage to personal wheelchairs.

1008.2.4 Clear Width. Accessible routes connecting play components shall provide a clear width

complying with 1008.2.4.

1008.2.4.1 Ground Level. At ground level, the clear width of accessible routes shall be 60 inches

(1525 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. In play areas less than 1000 square feet (93 m²), the clear width of accessible routes shall be

permitted to be 44 inches (1120 mm) minimum, if at least one turning space complying with 304.3 is

provided where the restricted accessible route exceeds 30 feet (9145 mm) in length.

2. The clear width of accessible routes shall be permitted to be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum for a

distance of 60 inches (1525 mm) maximum provided that multiple reduced width segments are

separated by segments that are 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm)

long minimum.

1008.2.4.2 Elevated. The clear width of accessible routes connecting elevated play components shall

be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. The clear width of accessible routes connecting elevated play components shall be permitted to

be reduced to 32 inches (815 mm) minimum for a distance of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum

provided that reduced width segments are separated by segments that are 48 inches (1220 mm)

long minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum.

2. The clear width of transfer systems connecting elevated play components shall be permitted to

be 24 inches (610 mm) minimum.

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1008.2.5 Ramps. Within play areas, ramps connecting ground level play components and ramps

connecting elevated play components shall comply with 1008.2.5.

1008.2.5.1 Ground Level. Ramp runs connecting ground level play components shall have a running

slope not steeper than 1:16.

1008.2.5.2 Elevated. The rise for any ramp run connecting elevated play components shall be 12

inches (305 mm) maximum.

1008.2.5.3 Handrails. Where required on ramps serving play components, the handrails shall comply

with 505 except as modified by 1008.2.5.3.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Handrails shall not be required on ramps located within ground level use zones.

2. Handrail extensions shall not be required.

1008.2.5.3.1 Handrail Gripping Surfaces. Handrail gripping surfaces with a circular cross section

shall have an outside diameter of 0.95 inch (24 mm) minimum and 1.55 inches (39 mm) maximum.

Where the shape of the gripping surface is non-circular, the handrail shall provide an equivalent

gripping surface.

1008.2.5.3.2 Handrail Height. The top of handrail gripping surfaces shall be 20 inches (510 mm)

minimum and 28 inches (710 mm) maximum above the ramp surface.

1008.2.6 Ground Surfaces. Ground surfaces on accessible routes, clear floor or ground spaces, and

turning spaces shall comply with 1008.2.6.

Advisory 1008.2.6 Ground Surfaces. Ground surfaces must be inspected and maintained regularly

to ensure continued compliance with the ASTM F 1951 standard. The type of surface material

selected and play area use levels will determine the frequency of inspection and maintenance

activities.

1008.2.6.1 Accessibility. Ground surfaces shall comply with ASTM F 1951 (incorporated by

reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1). Ground surfaces shall be inspected and

maintained regularly and frequently to ensure continued compliance with ASTM F 1951.

1008.2.6.2 Use Zones. Ground surfaces located within use zones shall comply with ASTM F 1292

(1999 edition or 2004 edition) (incorporated by reference, see “Referenced Standards” in Chapter 1).

1008.3 Transfer Systems. Where transfer systems are provided to connect to elevated play

components, transfer systems shall comply with 1008.3.

Advisory 1008.3 Transfer Systems. Where transfer systems are provided, consideration should be

given to the distance between the transfer system and the elevated play components. Moving

between a transfer platform and a series of transfer steps requires extensive exertion for some

children. Designers should minimize the distance between the points where a child transfers from a

wheelchair or mobility device and where the elevated play components are located. Where elevated

play components are used to connect to another elevated play component instead of an accessible

route, careful consideration should be used in the selection of the play components used for this

purpose.

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1008.3.1 Transfer Platforms. Transfer platforms shall be provided where transfer is intended from

wheelchairs or other mobility aids. Transfer platforms shall comply with 1008.3.1.

1008.3.1.1 Size. Transfer platforms shall have level surfaces 14 inches (355 mm) deep minimum and

24 inches (610 mm) wide minimum.

1008.3.1.2 Height. The height of transfer platforms shall be 11 inches (280 mm) minimum and 18

inches (455 mm) maximum measured to the top of the surface from the ground or floor surface.

1008.3.1.3 Transfer Space. A transfer space complying with 305.2 and 305.3 shall be provided

adjacent to the transfer platform. The 48 inch (1220 mm) long minimum dimension of the transfer

space shall be centered on and parallel to the 24 inch (610 mm) long minimum side of the transfer

platform. The side of the transfer platform serving the transfer space shall be unobstructed.

1008.3.1.4 Transfer Supports. At least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

Figure 1008.3.1 Transfer Platforms

1008.3.2 Transfer Steps. Transfer steps shall be provided where movement is intended from transfer

platforms to levels with elevated play components required to be on accessible routes. Transfer steps

shall comply with 1008.3.2.

1008.3.2.1 Size. Transfer steps shall have level surfaces 14 inches (355 mm) deep minimum and 24

inches (610 mm) wide minimum.

1008.3.2.2 Height. Each transfer step shall be 8 inches (205 mm) high maximum.

1008.3.2.3 Transfer Supports. At least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

Advisory 1008.3.2.3 Transfer Supports. Transfer supports are required on transfer platforms and

transfer steps to assist children when transferring. Some examples of supports include a rope loop, a

loop type handle, a slot in the edge of a flat horizontal or vertical member, poles or bars, or D rings on

the corner posts.

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Figure 1008.3.2 Transfer Steps

1008.4 Play Components. Ground level play components on accessible routes and elevated play

components connected by ramps shall comply with 1008.4.

1008.4.1 Turning Space. At least one turning space complying with 304 shall be provided on the

same level as play components. Where swings are provided, the turning space shall be located

immediately adjacent to the swing.

1008.4.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. Clear floor or ground space complying with 305.2 and 305.3

shall be provided at play components.

Advisory 1008.4.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space. Clear floor or ground spaces, turning spaces,

and accessible routes are permitted to overlap within play areas. A specific location has not been

designated for the clear floor or ground spaces or turning spaces, except swings, because each

play component may require that the spaces be placed in a unique location. Where play

components include a seat or entry point, designs that provide for an unobstructed transfer from a

wheelchair or other mobility device are recommended. This will enhance the ability of children with

disabilities to independently use the play component.

When designing play components with manipulative or interactive features, consider appropriate

reach ranges for children seated in wheelchairs. The following table provides guidance on reach

ranges for children seated in wheelchairs. These dimensions apply to either forward or side

reaches. The reach ranges are appropriate for use with those play components that children seated

in wheelchairs may access and reach. Where transfer systems provide access to elevated play

components, the reach ranges are not appropriate.

Children’s Reach Ranges

Forward or Side Reach

Ages 3 and 4

Ages 5 through 8

Ages 9 through 12

High (maximum)

36 in (915 mm)

40 in (1015 mm)

44 in (1120 mm)

Low (minimum)

20 in (510 mm)

18 in (455 mm)

16 in (405 mm)

1008.4.3 Play Tables. Where play tables are provided, knee clearance 24 inches (610 mm) high

minimum, 17 inches deep (430 mm) minimum, and 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum shall be

provided. The tops of rims, curbs, or other obstructions shall be 31 inches (785 mm) high maximum.

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EXCEPTION: Play tables designed and constructed primarily for children 5 years and younger shall

not be required to provide knee clearance where the clear floor or ground space required by

1008.4.2 is arranged for a parallel approach.

1008.4.4 Entry Points and Seats. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats,

the entry points or seats shall be 11 inches (280 mm) minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) maximum

from the clear floor or ground space.

EXCEPTION: Entry points of slides shall not be required to comply with 1008.4.4.

1008.4.5 Transfer Supports. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats, at

least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

1009 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas

1009.1 General. Where provided, pool lifts, sloped entries, transfer walls, transfer systems, and pool

stairs shall comply with 1009.

1009.2 Pool Lifts. Pool lifts shall comply with 1009.2.

Advisory 1009.2 Pool Lifts. There are a variety of seats available on pool lifts ranging from sling

seats to those that are preformed or molded. Pool lift seats with backs will enable a larger population

of persons with disabilities to use the lift. Pool lift seats that consist of materials that resist corrosion

and provide a firm base to transfer will be usable by a wider range of people with disabilities.

Additional options such as armrests, head rests, seat belts, and leg support will enhance accessibility

and better accommodate people with a wide range of disabilities.

1009.2.1 Pool Lift Location. Pool lifts shall be located where the water level does not exceed 48

inches (1220 mm).

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Where the entire pool depth is greater than 48 inches (1220 mm), compliance with 1009.2.1 shall

not be required.

2. Where multiple pool lift locations are provided, no more than one pool lift shall be required to be

located in an area where the water level is 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum.

1009.2.2 Seat Location. In the raised position, the centerline of the seat shall be located over the

deck and 16 inches (405 mm) minimum from the edge of the pool. The deck surface between the

centerline of the seat and the pool edge shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48.

Figure 1009.2.2 Pool Lift Seat Location

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1009.2.3 Clear Deck Space. On the side of the seat opposite the water, a clear deck space shall be

provided parallel with the seat. The space shall be 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum and shall

extend forward 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum from a line located 12 inches (305 mm) behind the

rear edge of the seat. The clear deck space shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48.

Figure 1009.2.3 Clear Deck Space at Pool Lifts

1009.2.4 Seat Height. The height of the lift seat shall be designed to allow a stop at 16 inches (405

mm) minimum to 19 inches (485 mm) maximum measured from the deck to the top of the seat

surface when in the raised (load) position.

Figure 1009.2.4 Pool Lift Seat Height

1009.2.5 Seat Width. The seat shall be 16 inches (405 mm) wide minimum.

1009.2.6 Footrests and Armrests. Footrests shall be provided and shall move with the seat. If

provided, the armrest positioned opposite the water shall be removable or shall fold clear of the seat

when the seat is in the raised (load) position.

EXCEPTION: Footrests shall not be required on pool lifts provided in spas.

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1009.2.7 Operation. The lift shall be capable of unassisted operation from both the deck and water

levels. Controls and operating mechanisms shall be unobstructed when the lift is in use and shall

comply with 309.4.

Advisory 1009.2.7 Operation. Pool lifts must be capable of unassisted operation from both the deck

and water levels. This will permit a person to call the pool lift when the pool lift is in the opposite

position. It is extremely important for a person who is swimming alone to be able to call the pool lift

when it is in the up position so he or she will not be stranded in the water for extended periods of time

awaiting assistance. The requirement for a pool lift to be independently operable does not preclude

assistance from being provided.

1009.2.8 Submerged Depth. The lift shall be designed so that the seat will submerge to a water

depth of 18 inches (455 mm) minimum below the stationary water level.

Figure 1009.2.8 Pool Lift Submerged Depth

1009.2.9 Lifting Capacity. Single person pool lifts shall have a weight capacity of 300 pounds. (136

kg) minimum and be capable of sustaining a static load of at least one and a half times the rated load.

Advisory 1009.2.9 Lifting Capacity. Single person pool lifts must be capable of supporting a

minimum weight of 300 pounds (136 kg) and sustaining a static load of at least one and a half times

the rated load. Pool lifts should be provided that meet the needs of the population they serve.

Providing a pool lift with a weight capacity greater than 300 pounds (136 kg) may be advisable.

1009.3 Sloped Entries. Sloped entries shall comply with 1009.3.

Advisory 1009.3 Sloped Entries. Personal wheelchairs and mobility devices may not be appropriate

for submerging in water. Some may have batteries, motors, and electrical systems that when

submerged in water may cause damage to the personal mobility device or wheelchair or may

contaminate the pool water. Providing an aquatic wheelchair made of non-corrosive materials and

designed for access into the water will protect the water from contamination and avoid damage to

personal wheelchairs or other mobility aids.

1009.3.1 Sloped Entries. Sloped entries shall comply with Chapter 4 except as modified in 1009.3.1

through 1009.3.3.

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EXCEPTION: Where sloped entries are provided, the surfaces shall not be required to be slip

resistant.

1009.3.2 Submerged Depth. Sloped entries shall extend to a depth of 24 inches (610 mm) minimum

and 30 inches (760 mm) maximum below the stationary water level. Where landings are required by

405.7, at least one landing shall be located 24 inches (610 mm) minimum and 30 inches (760 mm)

maximum below the stationary water level.

EXCEPTION: In wading pools, the sloped entry and landings, if provided, shall extend to the

deepest part of the wading pool.

Figure 1009.3.2 Sloped Entry Submerged Depth

1009.3.3 Handrails. At least two handrails complying with 505 shall be provided on the sloped entry.

The clear width between required handrails shall be 33 inches (840 mm) minimum and 38 inches

(965 mm) maximum.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Handrail extensions specified by 505.10.1 shall not be required at the bottom landing serving a

sloped entry.

2. Where a sloped entry is provided for wave action pools, leisure rivers, sand bottom pools, and

other pools where user access is limited to one area, the handrails shall not be required to comply

with the clear width requirements of 1009.3.3.

3. Sloped entries in wading pools shall not be required to provide handrails complying with

1009.3.3. If provided, handrails on sloped entries in wading pools shall not be required to comply

with 505.

Figure 1009.3.3 Handrails for Sloped Entry

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1009.4 Transfer Walls. Transfer walls shall comply with 1009.4.

1009.4.1 Clear Deck Space. A clear deck space of 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inches

(1525 mm) minimum with a slope not steeper than 1:48 shall be provided at the base of the transfer

wall. Where one grab bar is provided, the clear deck space shall be centered on the grab bar. Where

two grab bars are provided, the clear deck space shall be centered on the clearance between the

grab bars.

Figure 1009.4.1 Clear Deck Space at Transfer Walls

1009.4.2 Height. The height of the transfer wall shall be 16 inches (405 mm) minimum and 19 inches

(485 mm) maximum measured from the deck.

Figure 1009.4.2 Transfer Wall Height

1009.4.3 Wall Depth and Length. The depth of the transfer wall shall be 12 inches (305 mm)

minimum and 16 inches (405 mm) maximum. The length of the transfer wall shall be 60 inches (1525

mm) minimum and shall be centered on the clear deck space.

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Figure 1009.4.3 Depth and Length of Transfer Walls

1009.4.4 Surface. Surfaces of transfer walls shall not be sharp and shall have rounded edges.

1009.4.5 Grab Bars. At least one grab bar complying with 609 shall be provided on the transfer wall.

Grab bars shall be perpendicular to the pool wall and shall extend the full depth of the transfer wall.

The top of the gripping surface shall be 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and 6 inches (150 mm)

maximum above transfer walls. Where one grab bar is provided, clearance shall be 24 inches (610

mm) minimum on both sides of the grab bar. Where two grab bars are provided, clearance between

grab bars shall be 24 inches (610 mm) minimum.

EXCEPTION: Grab bars on transfer walls shall not be required to comply with 609.4.

Figure 1009.4.5 Grab Bars for Transfer Walls

1009.5 Transfer Systems. Transfer systems shall comply with 1009.5.

1009.5.1 Transfer Platform. A transfer platform shall be provided at the head of each transfer

system. Transfer platforms shall provide 19 inches (485 mm) minimum clear depth and 24 inches

(610 mm) minimum clear width.

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Figure 1009.5.1 Size of Transfer Platform

1009.5.2 Transfer Space. A transfer space of 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525

mm) minimum with a slope not steeper than 1:48 shall be provided at the base of the transfer

platform surface and shall be centered along a 24 inch (610 mm) minimum side of the transfer

platform. The side of the transfer platform serving the transfer space shall be unobstructed.

Figure 1009.5.2 Clear Deck Space at Transfer Platform

1009.5.3 Height. The height of the transfer platform shall comply with 1009.4.2.

1009.5.4 Transfer Steps. Transfer step height shall be 8 inches (205 mm) maximum. The surface of

the bottom tread shall extend to a water depth of 18 inches (455 mm) minimum below the stationary

water level.

Advisory 1009.5.4 Transfer Steps. Where possible, the height of the transfer step should be

minimized to decrease the distance an individual is required to lift up or move down to reach the next

step to gain access.

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Figure 1009.5.4 Transfer Steps

1009.5.5 Surface. The surface of the transfer system shall not be sharp and shall have rounded

edges.

1009.5.6 Size. Each transfer step shall have a tread clear depth of 14 inches (355 mm) minimum and

17 inches (430 mm) maximum and shall have a tread clear width of 24 inches (610 mm) minimum.

Figure 1009.5.6 Size of Transfer Steps

1009.5.7 Grab Bars. At least one grab bar on each transfer step and the transfer platform or a

continuous grab bar serving each transfer step and the transfer platform shall be provided. Where a

grab bar is provided on each step, the tops of gripping surfaces shall be 4 inches (100 mm) minimum

and 6 inches (150 mm) maximum above each step and transfer platform. Where a continuous grab

bar is provided, the top of the gripping surface shall be 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and 6 inches

(150 mm) maximum above the step nosing and transfer platform. Grab bars shall comply with 609

and be located on at least one side of the transfer system. The grab bar located at the transfer

platform shall not obstruct transfer.

EXCEPTION: Grab bars on transfer systems shall not be required to comply with 609.4.

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Figure 2009.5.7 Grab Bars

1009.6 Pool Stairs. Pool stairs shall comply with 1009.6.

1009.6.1 Pool Stairs. Pool stairs shall comply with 504.

EXCEPTION: Pool step riser heights shall not be required to be 4 inches (100 mm) high minimum

and 7 inches (180 mm) high maximum provided that riser heights are uniform.

1009.6.2 Handrails. The width between handrails shall be 20 inches (510 mm) minimum and 24

inches (610 mm) maximum. Handrail extensions required by 505.10.3 shall not be required on pool

stairs.

1010 Shooting Facilities with Firing Positions

1010.1 Turning Space. A circular turning space 60 inches (1525 mm) diameter minimum with slopes

not steeper than 1:48 shall be provided at shooting facilities with firing positions.

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Index

Accessible

Technical …………….. 155–58

Scoping ………………………. 39

Definition …………………….. 11

Bailiffs’ Stations See Courtroom

Technical ……………… 143–44

Accessible Means of Egress

Stations

Common Use

……..See Egress, Accessible

Bathing and Toilet Facilities

Definition …………………….. 13

Definition …………………….. 11

Scoping …………………. 37–39

Companion Seats …. 45, 47, 48,

Accessible Routes

Technical ………………….. 120

162

Scoping …………………. 24–33

Bathtubs …………………. 131–33

Construction Sites ……………. 22

Technical …………………….. 81

Beds ……… 52, 57, 58, 166, 168

Conventions … See Dimensions

Addition

Benches …. 144, 163, 167, 175–

Correctional and Detention

Definition …………………….. 11

76, See Judges Benches

Facilities

Scoping ………………………. 20

Boarding Pier

Scoping …………………. 57–58

Administrative Authority 56, 90,

Definition …………………….. 12

Counters, Sales and Service 55

124, 168

Boat Launch Ramp

Court Reporters’ Stations .. See

Definition …………………….. 12

Definition …………………….. 12

Courtroom Stations

Air Traffic Control Towers …. 26

Boat Slip

Court Sports ……………………. 29

Aisle Seats …………. 45, 48, 163

Definition …………………….. 12

Courtroom Stations . 23, 27, 32,

Alarms See Fire Alarm Systems

Boating Facilities, Recreational

168

Alteration

………………………………….. 29

Courtrooms … 168, See Judicial

Definition …………………….. 12

Scoping …………………. 62–64

Facilities

Scoping …………………. 20–21

Technical ………………….. 187

Cross Slope

Amusement Attraction

Bowling Lanes …………… 29, 47

Definition …………………….. 13

Definition …………………….. 12

Boxing or Wrestling Rings … 24

Crossing, Marked

Amusement Ride Seat

Building

Definition …………………….. 14

Definition …………………….. 12

Definition …………………….. 12

Curb Ramp

Amusement Rides ………. 29, 42

Bus Shelters …………………. 172

Definition …………………….. 13

Definition …………………….. 12

Bus Signs …………………….. 172

Technical ……………….. 94–96

Scoping …. 29, 32, 42, 61–62

Bus Stops ………………………. 25

Definitions ………………….. 11–18

Technical ……………… 179–82

Scoping ………………………. 36

Deputy Clerks’ Stations ….. See

Animal Containment Areas . 24,

Technical ………………….. 172

Courtroom Stations

70, 71

Catch Pool

Destination-Oriented Elevators

ANSI/BHMA ….. 8, 90, 105, 107

Definition …………………….. 12

….. 97, 98, 99, 101, 104, 105

Areas of Sport Activity … 24, 25,

Change Machine……………… 55

Detectable Warning

32, 47, 48, 70, 71

Changes in Level ……….. 71–72

Definition …………………….. 13

Definition …………………….. 12

Characters

Technical …………………… 154

ASME . 8–9, 97, 105, 107, 108–

Definition …………………….. 13

Detention and Correctional

9, 174

Check-Out Aisles

Facilities ……………………… 23

Assembly Areas …………. 36, 39

Scoping ………. 54–55, 54–55

Holding Cells and Housing

Definition …………………….. 12

Technical …………….. 176–78

Cells ………………… 167–68

Lawn Seating …………. 45, 48

Children’s Use 5, 78, 115, 119,

Scoping …………………. 57–58

Scoping ……………. 27, 45–48

125, 127, 128–29, 130, 141,

Dimensions ……………………. 5, 6

Wheelchair Spaces,

175

Dining and Work Surfaces

Companion Seats, and

Definition …………………….. 13

Scoping ………………………. 54

Designated Aisle Seats

Circulation Path

Technical …………………… 175

……………………….. 159–63

Definition …………………….. 13

Disproportionality ………… 15, 21

Assistive Listening Systems

Clear Floor or Ground Space

Definition …………………….. 13

Definition …………………….. 12

…………………………….. 73–74

Diving Boards and Diving

Scoping …………………. 44–45

Clerks’ Station .. See Courtroom

Platforms …………………….. 24

Technical ……………… 154–55

Stations

Doors, Doorways, and Gates

ASTM …………….. 9–10, 18, 193

Closed-Circuit Telephone

Scoping ………………………. 31

Automatic Teller Machines and

Definition …………………….. 13

Technical ……………….. 83–91

Fare Machines

Clothes Dryers and Washing

Dressing, Fitting, and Locker

Scoping ………………………. 45

Machines

Rooms

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Scoping …………………. 48–49

Fitting, Locker, and Dressing

Definition………………………14

Technical …………………… 163

Rooms

Maximum Extent Feasible 20,

Drinking Fountains

Scoping …………………. 48–49

21, 22

Scoping ………………………. 37

Technical ………………….. 163

Definition………………………14

Technical ……………… 119–20

Floor or Ground Surfaces .. 70–

Medical Care and Long-Term

Dwelling Unit, Residential

71

Care Facilities

Definition …………………….. 16

Fuel Dispenser ………………… 55

Scoping………………………..50

Egress, Accessible Means of

Gangway

Technical ……………………166

. 10, 33, 36, 40, 91, 168, 182

Definition …………………….. 14

Mezzanine

Definition …………………….. 11

Gates …………………………….. 83

Definition………………………14

Signs ………………………….. 40

Golf Car Passage

Miniature Golf Facilities ……..29

Element

Definition …………………….. 14

Scoping…………………..64–65

Definition …………………….. 13

Golf Facilities ………………….. 29

Technical ……………… 190–91

Elevated Play Component

Technical …………….. 189–90

Multi-Story Buildings and

Definition …………………….. 13

Ground and Floor Surfaces 70–

Facilities

Elevators

71

Accessible Routes ……25–26

Limited-Us/Limited

Ground Level Play Component

NFPA …………………….. 145, 170

Application………….. 105–7

Definition …………………….. 14

Occupant Load

Private Residence Elevators

Handrails …………………. 114–18

Definition………………………14

…………………………. 107–8

Historic Building or Facility,

Operable Parts

Scoping ………………………. 32

Qualified

Definition………………………15

Technical ……………… 96–105

Definition …………………….. 16

Scoping………………………..24

Employee Work Areas .. 18, 23,

Scoping ………………………. 22

Technical ……………………..80

28, 39, 81, 92, 93

ICC/IBC ……………….. 10, 33, 40

Parking Spaces

Definition …………………….. 13

Impracticability, Structural

Scoping…………………..33–35

Entrance

Definition …………………….. 17

Technical ……………… 110–12

Definition …………………….. 14

Infeasible, Technically

Passenger Loading Zones

Public (Definition) …………. 16

Definition …………………….. 17

Technical ……………… 112–13

Restricted (Definition) ……. 16

Judges’ Benches …. 27, 32, 168

Path of Travel

Scoping …………………. 30–31

Judicial Facilities

Definition………………………15

Service (Definition) ……….. 17

Courtrooms ……………….. 168

Percentages, Calculation of … 6

Equivalent Facilitation ………… 5

Scoping …………………. 56–57

Performance Areas ……………27

Exercise Machines and

Key Station

Pictogram

Equipment …………………… 29

Definition …………………….. 14

Definition………………………15

Scoping ………………………. 64

Kitchens and Kitchenettes . 167

Pier, Boarding

Technical …………………… 187

Scoping ………………………. 37

Definition………………………12

Existing Buildings and Facilities

Technical …………….. 163–66

Platform Lifts

…………………………. 5, 19, 26

Knee and Toe Clearance 74–76

Scoping………………………..33

Scoping …………………. 20–22

Lavatories and Sinks…. 130–31

Technical ………………..108–9

Facility

Lawn Seating …………….. 45, 48

Play Areas ………… 9, 24, 29, 32

Definition …………………….. 14

Limited Access Spaces …….. 23

Definition………………………15

Fare Machines and Automatic

Limited-Use/Limited-

Scoping…………………..65–67

Teller Machines

Application Elevators . 105–7

Technical ……………… 191–95

Scoping ………………………. 45

Litigants’ and Counsel Stations

Play Component

Technical ……………… 155–58

……. See Courtroom Stations

Definition………………………15

Feasible, Maximum Extent

Locker, Dressing, and Fitting

Elevated (Definition) ………13

Definition …………………….. 14

Rooms

Ground Level (Definition) ..14

Figures …………………………….. 6

Scoping …………………. 48–49

Play Structure, Soft Contained

Fire Alarm Systems

Technical ………………….. 163

Definition………………………17

Scoping ………………………. 39

Lockers ………………………….. 53

Press Boxes …………………….28

Technical …………………… 145

Machinery Spaces …………… 23

Primary Function Areas

Fishing Piers and Platforms . 29

Mail Boxes ……………………… 55

Definition………………………15

Scoping ………………………. 64

Definition …………………….. 14

Scoping………………………..21

Technical ……………… 187–89

Marked Crossing

Private Building or Facility

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Definition …………………….. 16

Saunas and Steam Rooms

Tactile

Private Residence Elevators

Scoping ………………………. 68

Definition …………………….. 17

…………………………….. 107–8

Technical ………………….. 144

Team or Player Seating . 32, 47,

Professional Office of a Health

Seats ……………………… 141–43

48

Care Provider

Self-Service Storage

Technically Infeasible …. 20, 37,

Definition …………………….. 16

Definition …………………….. 16

49, 60

Protruding Objects

Self-Service Storage Facilities

Definition …………………….. 17

Scoping ………………………. 24

………………………………….. 54

Teeing Ground

Technical ……………….. 76–77

Service Entrance

Definition …………………….. 18

Public Building or Facility

Definition …………………….. 17

Telephone, Closed-Circuit

Definition …………………….. 16

Shooting Facilities with Firing

Definition …………………….. 13

Public Entrance

Positions

Telephones

Definition …………………….. 16

Scoping ………………………. 69

Technical ……………… 152–54

Public Use

Technical ………………….. 204

Temporary Structures ……….. 20

Definition …………………….. 16

Shopping Center or Shopping

Toe and Knee Clearance 74–76

Public Way

Mall

Toilet and Bathing Facilities

Definition …………………….. 16

Definition …………………….. 17

Scoping …………………. 37–39

Purpose……………………………. 5

Shower Compartments 134–40

Technical …………………… 120

Qualified Historic Building or

Signs

Toilet Compartments and

Facility

Scoping …………………. 39–42

Water Closets ……….. 121–30

Definition …………………….. 16

Technical …………….. 145–51

Tolerances …… 6, 101, 103, 108

Raised Areas ………………….. 23

Single Occupant Structures . 23

Transfer Device

Ramp

Sinks

Definition …………………….. 18

Definition …………………….. 16

Scoping ………………………. 37

Transient Lodging

Ramps ……………………… 91–94

Technical …………….. 130–31

Definition …………………….. 18

Reach Ranges …………… 78–80

Site

Guest Rooms ……….. 166–67

Recreational Boating Facilities

Definition …………………….. 17

Scoping …………………. 50–53

………………………………….. 29

Slope . See Cross and Running

Transition Plate

Scoping …………………. 62–64

Slope

Definition …………………….. 18

Technical …………………… 187

Soft Contained Play Structure

Transportation Facilities

Refereeing, Judging, and

Definition …………………….. 17

Scoping ………………………. 44

Scoring Areas ……………… 23

Space

Technical ……………… 170–74

Referenced Standards ….. 7–11

Definition …………………….. 17

TTY (Teletypewriter)

ANSI/BHMA ………………….. 8

Spas ……………………………… 68

Definition …………………….. 18

ASME …………………………… 8

Scoping …………………. 68–69

Two-Way Communication

ASTM …………………………… 9

Technical …………… 195–204

Systems

ICC/IBC ………………………. 10

Stairways

Scoping ………………………. 56

NFPA …………………………. 11

Technical …………….. 113–14

Technical …………………… 158

Residential Dwelling Unit

Steam Rooms and Saunas

Unisex (Single-Use or Family)

Definition …………………….. 16

Scoping ………………………. 68

………………………………….. 38

Residential Facilities ………… 23

Technical ………………….. 144

Urinals …………………….. 129–30

Residential Dwelling Units

Storage

Use Zone

……………………….. 168–70

Scoping …………………. 53–54

Definition …………………….. 18

Restaurants and Cafeterias . 27

Technical ………………….. 174

Van Parking Spaces

Restricted Entrance

Story

Scoping ………………………. 35

Definition …………………….. 16

Definition …………………….. 17

Vehicular Way

Running Slope

Structural Frame

Definition …………………….. 18

Definition …………………….. 16

Definition …………………….. 17

Vending Machines ……………. 55

Safe Harbor

Structural Impracticability

Vision Lights ……………………. 90

Definition …………………….. 16

Definition …………………….. 17

Wading Pools ………………….. 68

Scoping ………………………. 21

Swimming Pools, Wading

Scoping …………………. 68–69

Sales and Service

Pools, and Spas

Technical ……………. 195–204

Scoping …………………. 54–55

Scoping ………. 68–69, 68–69

Walk

Technical ……………… 176–78

Technical …………… 195–204

Definition …………………….. 18

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Walking Surfaces ……….. 81–83

Water Closets and Toilet

Work and Dining Surfaces

Washing Machines and

Compartments ……… 121–29

Scoping………………………..54

Clothes Dryers

Water Slides …………………… 23

Technical ……………………175

Scoping ………………………. 39

Wheelchair Space

Work Area Equipment

Technical ……………… 143–44

Definition …………………….. 18

Definition………………………18

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Reproduction of this document is encouraged.

This publication may also be viewed or downloaded from

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